affords him the high gifts of the working leisure class. In using that phrase I mean he has reached a state where he is capable of leisure, of being left alone with his own time from duty as he has become able to govern himself, having passed through this school of disciplinary methods.

He enjoys a liberal salary, and has environed himself by men of culture. He will enjoy his recreations in the best and most instructive literature and music. His family are able to throw off old conventionalities, and cultivate life from a more liberal privilege gained through travel and leisure economically spent.

His children have the advantage of better schools; and in fact, his character has placed him nearer his superiors.

While many an employe regards the disciplinary school as a mortgage upon their individual liberty, they are wrong. If he is upright and moral, his being watched while off duty will bring him good results; if otherwise, “the way of the transgressor is hard."

There is no real freedom in idleness. Those races who have lived in idleness have never been able to master themselves. When man cannot incorporate government over his daily life, he disregards law to the limit of fear, and only obeys that which he is afraid of, leaving him but temporarily subdued. This disciplinary work appeals to reason, and men must learn to discriminate between that which is right and wrong, and all positions to-day are governed by this exactitude.

discriminating and gleaning the good from the evil is the voice of the soul uplifting through knowledge the light of truth and morality toward the final good -virtue.

"Virtue is life's grand achievement. It covers a road with many turnings, many marks of conquest between right and wrong, it means the carving on the sands of time the noble achievement of mastery over conditions of temptation and weakness, and it leaves man so mellowed with wisdom's full fruitage that he stands out, reliable. He co-operates with God in the divine development of the world. He stands before man in the full capacity of his genius, his grand personality is recognized through an established character."

obedience,

Regularity, promptness, fidelity and skill require a certain degree of character. To establish these requires much self-government, and a throwing off of the habits of licentiousness; it is a specific duty to perpetuate such principles.

When the employe begins to take pride in his duty, and feels a sense of mortal humiliation from his mistakes, he is then becoming reliable, and has laid the foundation to character; and it is the birth of his possibilities for better conditions.

He who cares to perform some worthy activity and gives himself to it, will find. many happy hours, while he who does not, will have woes real and imaginaryfor which no one has the least sympathy. Duty calls to but those who are willing to forget self in the upbuilding of an enterprise, be it railway or otherwise. It is the test weighed by every organization, no matter be it fraternal or commercial. He who forgets self to do his duty is the one who is advanced; because to do this requires a diligence in application and fortitude in adversity and adherence to purpose, which calls upon duty, for both the negatives and affirmatives which underlie and make up the foundations of character.

The dawn of day for the toiler has been brought nearer through the men who have labored morning, noon and night, in the interest of the industrial movement. And the realization of this progress has been the best reward of those who have made many sacrifices for their fellow-men.

Speed every movement which has for its object the betterment of the physical condition of the workingman! As I write on "The Organization of an AntiPoverty Society," will you keep in mind. that I am in hearty sympathy with every organization which has that as its aim?

And yet, in this materialistic age, there are some things of which we need to be reminded. When I say "We", I mean the whole human race.

Ever since poverty came into the world men have accepted it as an evil, and they have organized societies of many kinds in order to abolish it. But somehow they have not touched the root of the matter, and as that is the most vital part of the whole thing, poverty has not been abolished.

Men have been tinkering with those things which appear upon the surface, forgetting, or being ignorant of the fact, that there is much that does not appear upon the surface, and that that which does not appear, is, after all, the most important. In this study of the abolition of poverty, there are a few underlying principles, of which we must never lose sight.

WHENCE HAPPINESS COMES.

The average man thinks that money— material wealth-is the foundation of happiness. That is not true. Automobiles, pianos and summer homes with steam yachts do not hold the secret of happiness. No man was ever made happy by wealth. No man was ever made unhappy by poverty. I realize that this is a very broad statement, and that it may be sadly misinterpreted, but I would say again that happiness

and unhappiness, if they have come to you, have come because of something from within you, not because of something from without. Somebody has said that the successful man does not look out for opportunities; he looks in, for that is where they come from.

Once a man came to Jesus and said: "Master, speak to my brother that he divide the inheritance with me."

Jesus replied: “Take heed—beware, for a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth."

VARIOUS KINDS OF RICHES.

Another thing to be borne in mind is, that when we speak of poverty we mean not only that a man has no money, but that he is not the possessor of some other things that make a man rich. Some people have much money, but they are poor mentally. Many a so-called "poor" mechanic who depends upon the public library for his reading matter is richer mentally, than many another man who has the walls of his private library lined with the world's best vol

umes.

The savage chief from Zululand, visiting London, appreciated nearly everything but the libraries. He was poor mentally. You may become rich in knowledge. No man can prevent you from doing that.

Others are poor because they do not appreciate the beautiful things in the world-a sunset, scenery, pictures, flowers and music. Some men go through life with their eyes closed to all the inspiring things that God has given them. They think and plan simply for a square meal, a can of beer and a night's sleep. Their motto for life is this: Meat, Malt and Mattress. Life has no meaning for them beyond this. And yet money cannot buy this appreciation. Even some so-called rich men go through this world with their eyes closed.

Some people are strangely poor in love, while possessing other graces. The In

spired Book tells us: "Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, and have not love, I am become as sounding brass, or a tinkling cymbal. And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not love, I am nothing. And though I bestow all my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, and have not love, it profiteth me nothing."

Oratory, the gift of prophecy, wisdom, knowledge, faith, charity, self-sacrificeall these without love-are nothing. The chapter closes with these words:

"And now abideth faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love."

FOUR CLASSES OF MEN.

After all, poverty is an individual matter. It does not belong to any particular class. Some people tell us that our country is divided into two great classes, the capitalistic and the proletariat; the wealthy and the working class. There are generally four kinds of people in the world today:

The poor poor-those who have no money and nothing else.

The rich poor-those who have no money, but who have the other things that I have been writing about.

The poor rich-those who have money, but nothing else.

The rich rich-those who have money, as well as the other things.

The last class, as a rule, ought to be the happiest people, but if I had to

choose between a "rich poor" man or a "poor rich" man, I would rather be a "rich poor" man-and anybody may be a rich poor man.

WHY SOME SOCIAL SCHEMES HAVE FAILED.

Poverty cannot be abolished by wholesale, for the reason just given. Scores of schemes planned for the abolition of poverty have been tried, but have all failed. No matter how they may have been advocated in good faith, and no matter how earnest and sincere were the men who promoted these schemes, yet selfishness and laziness, the lack of individual effort, dependence upon the community-these are the reasons given for their failure. No society can do for a man what he will not do for himself.

A SOCIETY OF ONE MEMBER. You have discovered that I have been preparing you for the statement that the best kind of an Anti-Poverty Society is an organization composed of one member. He must be president, vice-president, secretary and treasurer; he must do his own committee work; he must get up his own constitution, and principally, he must amend his constitution. Most of us need to change our attitude towards things in general before we can become rich in the best sense. We must get rid of many false ideas concerning foundation things. We must get the right estimate of values. We must learn to see things in their right proportion.

THE REAL SECRET.

We have been talking about the things that you are to receive. Let us go down deeper into the problem-into the secret of getting and enjoying the best things. Suppose you should go to the librarian and say to him:

"I demand the wisdom contained in the books on your shelves!"

You might threaten until you are black in the face, and you would not get it. The librarian would tell you that you must give, heart and mind to the study of the books before you can obtain the wisdom which they contain. You must burn the midnight oil; you

must give time and strength and study, then they will be yours.

Furthermore, if you are to enjoy beautiful things, you must give them your sympathetic interest. No one can enjoy music, flowers, sunsets, pictures and scenery, if he systematically neglects them. The arm that is not used soon becomes paralyzed. The brain that is not exercised soon becomes dull. The talent that is not employed is soon taken away. These all "Give! cry, Give! Give!" before they say "Receive!" And what about love? Did you ever secure another's love by demanding it? What is it that makes you rich in the love of your wife and children? It is because you have first given your own love. No man ever enjoyed the beauty of true love until he gave his own heart, and until he was ready to lay down his own life, if need be, for the one whose love he prized.

And that is the secret of getting richgiving to others. Jesus said, "It is more blessed to give than to receive," and ever since He said it, this saying of Jesus has been made the subject of many a joke. But Jesus Christ was never more serious than when He said it, and He knew what He was talking about.

FOR THE "HERE AND NOW." Not a word has been said about treasure in heaven. We shall have that by living out the principles here given. Unselfishness and love and devotion pay in this world, and they are the only things that do pay, either in this world or in the next.

How, then, may you organize an AntiPoverty Society? First, by constituting yourself such a society.

Second, by making other people rich. Have I been talking "up in the air"? Then the philosophy of Jesus and the best men who ever lived, is false. But you know better than that. The experience of the human heart tells you that these things are true. And all that has been said applies to the "rich" as well as to the "poor". God help us to live out these thoughts, making the world richer for our having been in it, and thus enriching our own lives.

In this spirit let us enter the labor movement. Many there are who have already done so, equalling in devotion and in sacrifice the missionary of the church, who, forgetting himself, is spending his life in true service for his fellow

men.

One morning in June, 'twas just a little before

noon,

A boomer to Mr. Blake's office did go,

With a smile on his face, he asked for a place, and the old man didn't say no.

Permits were quickly issued for him to learn the road and

That day he jumped Crane Creek, the trip sure did him good.

You could see he knew his biz., as on the train he got,

In switching and coupling, he was Jonny on the spot.

As he claimed he had worked through link and pin up to the Janney time,

And to hear him tell about it, he certainly was fine. Yes, he was an Order man,

Baldy and Singer and others, most all boomers, if they can belong to two.

He certainly knew his business in applying for a job,

Keeps up a good front and wears the emblem on a fob.

Has no service letters 'bout him or other written lore,

But switchkeys he has gathered far and near by "the galore."

He showed some fifteen or twenty, said he had a dozen more

He has them from the C. & O., the B. &. O. and Q.,
C. M. & St. P. and two or three from the soo,
I believe he had a B. &. M. and one or two U. P
And Southern, an L. &. N, a C. N. O. & T. P.,
An A. C. L., a P. G. & N. O. & N. E. he showed a
broken finger from the M. K. & T.,

He has battled with the elements in heat and cold and rain,

Broke on the slop freight and on the time freight trains.

And has drifted north, then south, and finally sought the West.

And drifted in here one day to give our road a test. He found some fine officials here, the best he ever

saw,

From M. J. C. to E. A. B., the call boys, one and all.

Has made up his mind to stay with us until his dying day,

He will find none better to work for than the N. &
W. Railway
-C. L. Stahl.

E. E. CLARK, EDITOR.

C. D. KELLOGG, ASSOCIATE.

If our Order and its sister organizations of railway employes were in the habit of employing underhanded or deceptive methods in the conduct of their affairs, they might feel some concern over such proposals as are contained in the following letter, which was recently sent by the general manager of a detective agency to the general manager of a railroad company:

"The demands of labor unions upon employers, especially among railway companies, have become so arbitrary and outrageous that some effective means are required to resist them.

'As you are no doubt aware, all unions hire agitators, sometimes called organizers, to secretly organize men in machine shops, conductors, brakemen, or section hands, and this is often done where conditions are satisfactory to working men, and where harmonious relations exist between employes.

"The business of this company is to inform the management of railway companies where secret organizations are hatching, among their workmen, where agitators are trying, or are about to try, to incite labor trouble; and also to help the employers to resist the insolent interferences with their rights which now so generally prevail

"We make a specialty of furnishing you with any kind of operatives to be put to work among your employes to obtain union reports, and also to report to you whatever occurs among your employes in order that you may be able to sift the good employes from the bad

ones.

"Our rates are very moderate and better than any other agency can give to you. If you desire to avail yourself of our services we would be pleased to hear from you at an early date, and can give you the best of services.

"Hoping you will take advantage of this opportunity and awaiting your prompt reply, we are, very truly yours."

The requests of any class of employes which are adjusted with mutual satisfaction as a result of business conferences between the representatives of the company and of the employes can not be fairly termed "arbitrary and outrageous demands". There are very few instances in recent years in which matters affecting the employes especially referred to in the letter have not been amicably settled in friendly conferences. Therefore, the first paragraph of the letter contains a misrepresentation.

The conductors and the brakemen (of whom we can speak knowingly) are