we find the Chronicle is printed by Nathaniel Willis, alone, although the dissolution of the partnership is not noticed. At this time, the Chronicle was ably supported by a number of very patriotic and judicious writers.Among the number was the Rev. Dr. Cooper, who furnished one or two columns of neat and piquant articles for each number of the paper. Mr Willis continued to publish the Chronicle until Jan. 1, 1784,* when it was transferred to Thomas Adams & John Nourse; who enlarged its size, in consequence of the great increase of advertisements, particularly public notices, which frequently obliged them to add a supplementary sheet. In Nov. 26, 1784, the "State Arms,' was placed in a handsome cut, between the words of its title, Independent Chronicle. The imprint stood as follows: Boston, published by Adams & Nourse, printers to the General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, at their office, opposite the New Court House, Court-street." In January, 1785, the paper was still further enlarged, as it became the general advertising paper of the town. In January, of the following year, Mr. Nourse, the junior partner, died, and the publication was contin ued under the direction of Mr Adams. In February, 1791, it was dressed in a handsomer garb than formerly, having new types, the arms of the state elegantly engraved, and the *Soon after relinquishing the Chronicle, Mr. Willis removed to Winchester, Va. where he printed a paper, in connection with Mathias Bartgis. From there he went to Shepherdstown, Virginia, and commenced the Potomak Guardian" in 1790. Mr Willis afterwards removed with the paper to Martinsburgh, and published it there until 1800. He then settled in Chilicothe, Ohio, and established the "Scioto Gazette," a republican pa title cut in letters, somewhat like those of the German characters, though attended with modern flourishes, from the school of Carter, the celebrated chirogropher of that day. The state arms, on a small scale, was affixed to the Laws of the Commonwealth, published in this paper, alone, by authority. These decorations were continued for more than ten successive years. July 1, 1793, Mr Adams took into partnership with him, Isaac Larkin, and the paper was continued, without any change, but that of its joint imprint. August 19, 1795, its publication was changed to a semi-weekly one, and published every Monday and Thursday, of the same size and type. On July 1, 1796, the state printing was taken from Messrs. Adams & Larkin, or rather their appointment was not renewed this year. The work was given, by the legislature, to Messrs. Young & Minns, who were continued as state printers, by annual appointments, for a succession of ten years. This change grew out of party dissentions of that day, in which the Chronicle took a lively part, first as anti-federalists, in opposing the adoption of the present federal constitution, and then as French revolution, in opposition to active partizans in favour of the the sentiments and opinions of that class of the people, who had defended the principles on which the ̃nawith equal zeal, opposed those which tional compact is founded, and who, governed the political jugglers of France. This party assumed the name of federalists, and constituted, at that time, a large majority of the habitants in almost every town in the state. The legislature, of course, was of this complexion, and would, therefore, not encourage the promul per, under the firm of Winship & Willis; but Winship gation of counter sentiments, in a soon relinquished his interest in the establishment, and the Gazette was continued to be published by Mr Willis, for 4 or 5 years. In 180-1, we find he enjoyed the advantages of state printer, and publisher of the Laws of the United States. We believe Mr. Willis is stili living, and resides on his farm at Bainbridge, to which he retired some years since, near Chilicothe, Ohio. publication, professing itself to be the "State Paper." The most distinguished writer in the Chroniclehim, who gave a bold and high tone to the democratic enthusiasm of the moment, was the Hon. Benjamin Austin. ent Eagle, as the arms of the United direct hostility to the Chronicle," His numbers of the "Old South," over the signature of "Honestus," were much read, and gave to the paper great popularity among the democratic republicans of that day. A short time, previous to this period, the following motto was affixed over the Boston head of the Chronicle-"Truth its Guide-and Liberty its Object." This motto was continued until May, 1817; when, for reasons, of which we are ignorant, it was struck out. On Dec. 4, 1797, Mr Larkin died, leaving Mr Adams the sole conductor of the Chronicle. On May 2, 1799, the establishment was transferred to Mr James White; and on the 10th of the same month, Mr Adams died, aged 42. On Mon-pertory," in this place-a paper in day, May 13, 1799, Mr White commenced his duties as the new editor and proprietor. The imprint was thus altered-"Boston: Printed every Monday and Thursday, by Eb-position of its conductors." This enezer Rhoades (for the proprietor) at the Printing Office, opposite the Court House, Court-street." Under this arrangement, the Chronicle was continued but one year, the candid and tolerant principles of Mr White not suiting the temper of the times. Finding his subscriptions falling off daily, Mr White, on the 15th of May, 1800, sold out to Abijah Adams, and Ebenezer Rhoades," when it was published under the firm of Adams & Rhoades." Mr Adams, the senior partner of the new concern, had been a clerk in the office for some years, and while under his brother Thomas Adams, the former proprietor, was zealously attached to the principles advanced by "Honestus," and one of his most faithful and persevering coad-prietor of the "Boston Patriot."*. jutors and favourites. The Chronicle now assumed a higher tone in politics than ever. December 21, 1801, the paper appeared with a new head, and part of the old title omitted. It now stood-THE INDEPENDENT CHRONICLE. The characters were somewhat like the former heading, with two cuts at the extreme wings-one of which was a promin- !! to Mr Ballard. offensive heading was used only one The Chronicle resumed its former firm of "Adams, & Rhoades."On May 18, 1811, Abijah Adams The Patriot commenced March 3, 1809, under the auspices of the democratic party, and was published by David Everett and Isaac Munroe, the former acting as editor. It was published on Tuesday and Friday, of each week. On May 4, 1811, Mr. Everett retired, and the paper was conducted by Muuroe and French, until the 1st of Jan. 1814, when the eatablishment was sold died, aged 62; but the paper was continued in the name of this firm until its union with the "Boston Patriot." May 29, 1817 (Thursday) was the last appearance of the Old Chronicle, from the old place, where it had been so long published.* The firm of "Adams and Rhoades" was now dissolved; and Messrs Davis C. Ballard & Edmund Wright Jr. having purchased the establishment, united it with the "Boston Patriot," and commenced a Daily and Semiweekly Paper. [See first clause of this historical notice of the rise and progress of the Independent Chronicle.] The twice-a-week paper, was called "INDEPENDENT CHRONICLE AND BOSTON PATRIOT,"-[For the Country.] and published on Wednesday and Saturday, the old vols. and numbers of the Chronicle being continued on. This alteration commenced on the Wednesday of June 4, 1817; but the words in the title, "for the country," were struck out September 29, 1817. Erom the Editorial Correspondence of Mr. Hill. Taking a birth immediately after entering the boat, I awoke this morning just after the boat had passed Crown Point, a place which from its position was one of great interest and importance both in the old French war and in the war of the revolution. So long as the year 1711, it was the principal point held by the French, against which the English and Americans directed an expedition. In the year 1734, it was strengthened, and a regular fort was built at this place by France. In 1759, both Crown Point and Ticonderoga fell into the hands of the English; and in 1775, both fortresses were surprised and taken by the Americans at the commencement of the war of the revolution. Two years after, they were taken by general Burgoyne, in the summer previous to his defeat and capitulation on the plains of Saratoga. Every one of the present genera tion, whose ancestors participated in the scenes which were here enact Ebenezer Rhoades died August 25, 1818, aged 43. Hon. Benjamin Austin died May 4, 1820, on which occasion the paper appeared in mourning, as a mark of respect for its most devoted patron and friend. On November 29, 1820, Mr Ballard, the senior proprietor died, aged 34.-ed seventy-five and fifty years ago The firm, however, continued in the name of "Ballard and Wright," the widowed mother of Mr B. still retaining, we believe, a right or share in the establishment. On June 18, 1823, the Chronicle again enjoyed the privilege of publishing the Laws of the State, "by authority." In August, 1825, the number of semi-weekly papers printed each week, was 2,644, at 4 dolls. per an. *This place was the corner of Court Street, and Franklin Avenue, the building in which James Frank lin commenced his paper, and where Benjamin Franklin was taught the art of printing. The building was taken down in 1817 to make room for the spacious edifice, now occupied by Mr James W. Burditt, as the Franklin Book Store, -who has heard the veterans of former days relate the story of their* battles and hardships, their imminent perils and dangers while on their successive campaigns to Crown Point and old Ti', must feel a peculiar interest in witnessing their surrounding scenery, and in tracing the history of the events of 'olden time,' in which the very existence of our ancestors and the happiness *We say annual receipts,' but earnings would be more appropriate phraise; for it so happens, that printters' bills are generally laid aside, to be paid after every body else is served. By this unfair practice the poor printer seldom collects with any degree of promptitude or regularity, more than 20 or 25 per cent. of his just and equitable dues. and prosperity of those who came after them were so deeply involved. Fifteen miles south of Crown Point, and twenty-four miles north of Whitehall, the southern bound of Lake Champlain, on an eminence, stands the ruins of Fort Ticonde roga. This fort is on a point of land formed by the river which runs from Lake George, and which here connects with Champlain. Over the lake on the Vermont side, in the town of Shoreham, is an eminence called Mount Independence, and over the mouth of the river running from Lake George, on the west, at the distance of one mile to the summit, is Mount Defiance, probably 600 feet higher than Ticonderoga itself. Visiting the ruins of Ticonderoga, it is a matter of wonder to the beholder, that more than one hundred years ago, in this then wilderness, in which beasts of prey, and more fierce and merciless savages prowled, works exhibiting so much skill in the art of warfare, and so great expense of manual labor and money, should have been attempted. The fort itself covered an area of two or three acres: from it to the water on either side were subterraneous passages, and under its walls, buried deep in the earth, were concealed excavations calculated either to protect magazines of gunpowder and other implements of war and provisions, or for the concealment of prisoners or myriads of men resdy to fall on the besieging enemy. This fortress has been in ruins ever since it was deserted, and the combustible part of it destroyed by Gen. St. Clair on the 4th of July, 1777, at the approach of general Burgoyne, who then secretly, and with almost incredible labor, drew up and planted his heavy cannon on the pinnacle of Mount Defiance, which overlooked and commanded the fort, and the idea of which, from its supposed impracticability, never entered the head of either the American or any other commander who had formerly pos sessed it. The block-house then erected by Burgoyne still remains on Defiance, which is not now apparently less rough and precipitous than the steepest mountains in the northern region of New-Hampshire. In the year 1758, 10,000 provincial troops, principally from NewEngland, and 7000 regulars embarked from the head of Lake George to proceed against Ticonderoga, then in the possession of the French. Gen. Abercrombie commanded in chief; and Lord Howe, a young nobleman of most prepossessing manners, and idolized by the army both British and American, accompanied the expedition, 1035 boats were employed to transport an army certaiu of success and animated with zeal against their enemies. The distance from the upper to the lower extremity of Lake George is 34 miles; and between the place of embarkation and Champlain, a distance of about three miles, are several falls, making the bed of the one lake 200 feet lower than the other. The British took possession of a mill which was then erected on one of these falls, and killed and took prisoners about 500 of the enemy, driving him back to the fort without much difficulty. The next day the army was brought up to the French lines, who had thrown up, but not entirely finished, an intrenchment across the isthmus from one river to the other, covering the fort. This intrenchment is still to be traced, and is in as good preservaiion as many intrenchments that were thrown up in the war of 1813. It had two redoubts and a deep abattis, and must have been much higher than more recent works which are less prominent after not so long a lapse of time intervening. The attack was vigorously commenced by the English, and was obstinately defended by the French: it lasted four hours, and during this time the English were rapulsed three several times. Notwithstanding his superiority of force, Gen. Aber crombie shamefully ordered a retreat. The English loss in all was 1944 principally regulars; the French very trifling, although they are said not to have imagined defence possible. The gallant Howe was killed early in the action. The French force was differently stated at from 1200 to 6000. out exciting suspicion. When obtained, Allen found it sufficient to take over only a part of his men; and the time was so far consumed in completing the arrangements, that he had not opportunity before daylight next morning to bring over the rest-so that Arnold remained with more than half of the men spectators of the transaction. A boy who had frequently been at the fort was employed to inform of the precise spot where the arms were kept. The sentinel on guard at the out-post was surprised, but is stated to have snapped his gun at Allen as he advanced to secure him. Allen entered by one of the subterraneous passages, and proceeded immediately to the apartment of the British commander, while his men, directed by the boy, went and secured the magazine and arms, the men of the fort were asleep or in no condition to act defensively: and a surrender and actual possession were effected nearly at one and the same moment. Another interesting incident relative to this ancient fort was its surprise and capture by Ethan Allen, at the dawn of the morning of May 17, 1775, a few days after the battle of Lexington. The manner in which Allen summoned the British officer to surrender, is probably recollected by every one who knows any thing of the history of that eccentric character. After entering the fort, the surprised British commander required of Allen by what authority he made the demand: "By the authority of Jehovah and the Continental Congress," was the answer. An aged gentleman who now keeps the tavern at Shoreham Point, opposite to Ticonderoga, this day gave me the following additional Viewing the extent of its dimenparticulars of this transaction: The sions, the great strength, the extenparty who volunteered to take Ti- sive artillery, arms and ammunitions conderoga was headed by Allen and of warfare which must at that time Arnold, and consisted of about sixty have been deposited at this then persons, collected from the town of important fortress, it is matter of Rutland and other new settlements great astonishment that the British west of the mountain in Vermont, should have suffered it to have been the whole of which settlements could surprised and taken in the manner then hardly be said to consist of it was. None but the most daring hundreds. At Shoreham point there spirits-and 'there were giants in then lived a man by the name of those days' --would have volunteered Rowley: the distance from this in such an enterprise: perhaps of all point across the lake is half a mile, the intrepid heroes of the revolution, and it is one mile from the fort. Al- there was no man but Allen calculen and his party arrived at this lated for it; and Divine Providence point the afternoon previons. When seems to have placed him on that he arrived he found there was no frontier with a few hardy followers, boat of sufficient magnitude to take as the same good hand afterwards his men across. He employed Row-selected a Washington for more exley, who made the errand of getting tensive service and usefulness, for shaved, to go over to the other side this very object. and borrow one of the batteaux which belonged to the British fort. The man went, waited until it was dark, pushed off, and brought back with him one of the batteaux with INDIAN OBSERVATION. 'It would be a pity not to preserve the following anecdote, which displays so much of that accuracy of |
