Domitian by his freedman Stephanus, says, "It is much to be admired, that, as accurately proved by persons in either place, Apollonius Thyanæus, ascending an eminence at Ephesus or elsewhere, exclaimed before the multitude, 'Well done, Stephanus !-well done! Strike the murderer;-thou hast struck him!-thou hast wounded him!he is slain!'"

Note 25. p. 80.

"Like human giant, tall and stout,
Yet loosely knit, like clumsy lout," &c.

In the personal description here given of the Urisk, some difference will be found from that of other authors; but when it is stated, that all our primitive superstitions are of Eastern origin, and that the various species of monkies were the prototypes of Pan and the Satyrs, and the Ourang-Outang of the Urisk or Brownie, it will be allowed that there is good authority for the difference. The Author has also the popular voice of his native and several other local districts on his side,-which districts, from being mountainous and secluded, retain all the early superstitions in their least adulterated form. There, the Urisk, or Brownie, is universally regarded as a tall, ill-made, awkward-looking, but withal powerful and energetic shaggy man,-exactly as represented in the Poem. Milton indi

cates his outward appearance pretty exactly, but ascribes to him too low and animal a nature, in the following lines :

"Tells how the drudging goblin sweat,
To earn his cream-bowl duty set;
When in one night, ere glimpse of morn,
His shadowy flail hath thrashed the corn,
That ten day-labourers could not end;
Then lies him down, the lubber fiend,
And, stretched out all the chimney's length,
Basks at the fire his hairy strength;

And crop-full out of door he flings,
Ere the first cock his matin rings."

Sir Walter Scott says, "tradition has ascribed to the Urisk a figure between a goat and a man in short, however much the classical reader may be startled, precisely that of the Grecian Satyr." But the author of " Scenery of the Grampian Mountains," is more correct in the following commentary on Sir Walter's text:

"Mr. Scott" [this was written in 1819] appears to

have been misinformed when he assimilates the Urisk of the Highlanders to the Grecian Satyr, as being a figure between a goat and a man.' We ascribe the human figure alone, however wild and uncouth, to these imaginary beings," &c.

In the following quotations from Dalyell, on the "Darker Superstitions of Scotland," will be found embodied almost all the ideas now generally current on this subject:

Z

"Brownie, in Scotland, seems to have corresponded with Robin Goodfellow, and the Terrei Virunculi of the continent. King James considered Brownie as a rough man,-Martin, as a tall man. Brand looked on this being as an evil spirit; King James, and perhaps the physician Ramesey, as a Satanic metamorphosis; and Kirk thinks Brownie peculiar to his native country, and belonging to the class of Fairies. A similar office, in rocking cradles, domestic services, taking care of horses and cattle, was also deemed the province of these beings, in all countries; and it was discharged in the night. In the Orkney Islands, stacks of corn, called Brownie's stacks, were always safe.

"Camerarius seems to identify the Trowis, Trollis, or Trollen, of the north, with the character of Brownie: affirming, that persons worthy of credit informed him, that demons called Drullos, discharging the office of domestics, and taking care of the horses and cattle, were recognized there. The same character seems to be ascribed, as of old, to the Trows of Shetland, which Dr. Hibbert judges the malevolent beings of northern mythology. It is doubtful whether authors are right in identifying the Fauns and Trollen. Cassianus, a Marseilloise priest of the fifth century, denies the malevolence of the Fauns.--Attributes not dissimilar, were bestowed on Pan, the Fauns, and Satyrs. They dwelt in the woods: they were sportive and dissolute. The Prophet Isaiah predicted that Satyrs, or Hairy Beings, should dance on the site of Babylon."

Note 26. p. 83.

"Where part of Dochart's force defended
The families of all, afar

From risk of sudden frontier war."

It was a general custom in the Highlands, for those engaged in dangerous services on the frontiers of their Tribes, to deposit their families and principal wealth, in central recesses behind them, where they were free from sudden surprise and danger.

ness.

"Alas, stout Duncan! Henchman true!
Well may my tears gush free for you!"

The affectionate terms on which all the members of a Clan lived, from the highest to the lowest, can scarcely be conceived in the present period of individualized selfishThe Chief was the Father of the whole Tribe, and all the rest his children; and hence it is that Orchay laments the loss of his henchman and gillies, with the tenderness of a brother, who had the prospect of yet standing towards them in a still more grave and endearing relation.

Note 28. p. 98.

"Mark'st thou who rides that sheltie grey?"

Sheltie, means Poney. The native breed in those districts, are extremely hardy and sure-footed, and clamber over heights, and among rocks and other impediments, like so many goats. The breed most prized, however, and in very general use, are brought from Shetland, and are perhaps the most handsome and beautiful of all others. Many of them are now finding their way to all parts of the Three Kingdoms.

Note 29. p. 103.

"Tis both the State's and Church's aim,
These barbarous regions to reclaim,

By raising up to paramount power

Clans here and there, all others o'er," &c.

This was the openly pursued policy of the Government and the Church for several centuries; and it was a common thing for the Heads of Clans so singled out and distinguished, to become bound for the peace and good order of their respective districts. The history of Scotland abounds with instances of this.