of PINDUS, and by the Sinus Ambracius: On the South by the Sinus Corinthiacus, Sinus Saronicus, and Isthmus of Corinth: On the East, by the Ægean Sea; and on the West, by the Ionian.

Its ancient divisions were ATTICA; MEGARIS; BaoTIA, poëtice AONIA; PHOCIS; DORIS; LOCRIS, (comprehending the Locri Ozělæ, Epicnemidii, and Opuntii ;) ETOLIA; ACARNANIA.

MOUNTAINS.-A continuation of the central ridge or water-shed of Pindus, running S. and S. E. quite to the extremity of Attica. Of this mountain range, the most remarkable points are the following: Parnassus27 in Phocis; Helicon28 in Boeotia; Citharon,29 on the con

27 Mons ibi verticibus petit arduus astra duobus

28

29

Nomine Parnassus, superatque cacumine nubes.-Ov. M. 1. 316.
Hesperio tantum, quantum semotus Eōo

Cardine, Parnassus gemino petit æthera colle,
Mons Phobo Bromioque sacer, cui, numine mixto,
Delphica Thebanæ referunt trieterica Baccha.

Hoc solum, fluctu terras mergente, cacumen

Eminuit, pontoque fuit discrimen et astris.-LUCAN. v. 71,

Sed me Parnassi deserta per ardua dulcis

Raptat amor: juvat ire jugis, quà nulla priorum

Castaliam molli devertitur orbita clivo.-VIRG. GEO. III. 291.
Oh, thou Parnassus! whom I now survey,

Not in the phrensy of a dreamer's eye,

Not in the fabled landscape of a lay,

But soaring snow-clad through thy native sky

In the wild pomp of mountain majesty!-BYR. CH. HAR. 1. 60.

Aut in umbrosis Heliconis oris,

Aut super Pindo, gelidove in Hæmo.-HOR. OD. I. 12.

Qualis commotis excita sacris

Thyias, ubi audito stimulant trieterica Baccho

Orgia, nocturnusque vocat clamore Citharon.-ÆN. IV. 301.

electus facienda ad sacra Citharon

Cantibus et clara bacchantum voce sonabat.-Ov. MET. 111. 702.

31

fines of Megaris and Boeotia; and in Attica, Parnes,30 Brilessus; Pentelicus, Mendeli, overlooking the plain of Marathon; Hymettus,32 Anchesmus, Corydallus, Ægaleos,30 Lycabettus,30 Laurium.

RIVERS.-Cephisus minor, joined on the left by the Ilissus; Asōpus; Ismēnus, issuing from the Fountain Dirce, and flowing into the Lake Hylica; Permessus 33 and Olmius, which are fed by Aganippe and Hippocrene, and uniting their waters, fall into the lake Copais; Cephisus major, flowing into the same lake; Pleistus, fed by the Fons Castalius from Parnassus; Evēnus, Phidări; Achelous,34 Aspropotamo.

30 Dives et Ægaleos nemorum, Parnesque benignus

Vitibus, et pingui melior Lycabettus olivâ.-STAT. TH. XII. 620. 31 Still his honeyed wealth Hymettus yields. There the blithe bee his fragrant fortress builds,

32

33

34

The free-born wanderer of the mountain-air : Apollo still thy long, long summer gilds.

Still in his beam Mendeli's marbles glare;

Art, Glory, Freedom fail, but Nature still is fair.-BYRON.
Each hill and dale, each deepening glen and wold

Defies the power which crush'd thy temples gone:

Age shakes Athena's tower, but spares gray Marathon.-BYRON. Cecropius formidine nubis aquosæ

Sparsa super flores examina tollit Hymettus.-SIL. IT. II. 217.

trabes Hymettiæ

Premunt columnas ultimâ recisas

Africâ.-HOR. Od. II. 18, 3.

purpureos colles florentis Hymetti. OVID. A. A. III. 687. There flowery hill Hymettus, with the sound

Of bees' industrious murmur oft invites

To studious musing.-MILT. PAR. REG. IV. 247.

tuque, O Permesse, canoris

Et felix, Olmie, vadis.-STAT. THEB. VII. 283.

flavo tollens ubi vertice pontum

Turbidus objectas Achelous Echinadas exit.-STAT. THEB. II. 730. Donec eras mixtus nullis, Achelõe, racemis;

Gratia sumendæ non erat ulla rosa.-OVID. FAST. V. 343.

Towns on Rivers.—On the Пlissus, A THENÆ,35 ATHENS, (N. Lat. 38°-E. Long. 23° 52'); with its three harbours, Piraeus (IIeipaιevs), v. Piræus, Munychia, and Phalerum.

36

On Asõpus, Tanagra; Orōpus; and about its source, between Helicon, Citharon, and Lake Copais, Platæa v. Platœœ, Ascra, Leuctra, and Thespēa v. Thespia.

On Ismēnos, THEBÆ, Thiva, Thebes, (vide ANTHOLOGIA GEOGRAPHICA, at the end of the volume.)

35 Illæ omnium doctrinarum inventrices Athenæ, in quibus summa dicendi vis et inventa est et perfecta.-CIC. DE OR. I. 4.

36

Adsunt Athenienses, unde humanitas, doctrina, religio, fruges, jura, leges, ortæ atque in omnes terras distributæ, putantur; de quorum urbis possessione, propter pulchritudinem, etiam inter deos certamen fuisse proditum est: quæ vetustate eâ est, ut ipsa ex sese suos cives genuisse dicatur, et eorum eadem terra parens, altrix, patria dicatur: auctoritate autem tanta est, ut jam fractum prope ac debilitatum Græciæ nomen hujus urbis laude nitatur.CIC. PRO FLACCo, 26.

Movemur enim, nescio quo pacto, locis ipsis, in quibus eorum quos diligimus aut admiramur, adsunt vestigia. Me quidem ipsæ illæ nostræ Athenæ non tam operibus magnificis exquisitisque antiquorum artibus delectant, quam recordatione summorum virorum, ubi quisque habitare, ubi sedere, ubi disputare sit solitus: studioseque eorum etiam sepulcra contemplor.-Cic. DE LEGG. II. 1.

Coelicolas, tellus quibus hospita semper Athenæ.-ST. TH. XII.500. behold

Where on the Ægean shore a city stands,

Built nobly, pure the air, and light the soil;
Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts
And eloquence; native to famous wits,

Or hospitable, in her sweet recess,

City or suburban, studious walks and shades.-MILT. PAR. REG. IV.

trepidis stabilem Piraea nautis.-STAT. THEB. XII. 616.