Evaluative Semantics: Language, Cognition, and IdeologyPsychology Press, 1999 - 316 pages Evaluation, from connotations to complex judgements of value, is probably the most neglected dimension of meaning. Calling for a new understanding of truth and value, this book is a comprehensive study of evaluation in natural language, at lexical, syntactic and discursive levels. Jean Pierre Malrieu explores the cognitive foundations of evaluation and uses connectionist networks to model evaluative processes. He takes into account the social dimension of evaluation, showing that ideological contexts account for evaluative variability. A discussion of compositionality and opacity leads to the argument that a semantics of evaluation has some key advantages over truth-conditional semantics and as an example Malrieu applies his evaluative semantics to a complex Shakespeare text. His connectionist model yields a mathematical estimation of the consistency of text with ideology, and is particularly useful in the identification of subtle rhetorical devices such as irony. |
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according action actor allows analysis apply argue argument associated assume belief Bourdieu Caesar called chapter cognitive communicative complex components concept conceptual graphs concerning consider contains context corresponding defined depends determine discourse distinction dominant dynamics effects elements evaluation example existence expression fact field Figure formal function fundamental given graph hypothesis idea ideological consistency ideology important individual inferences interesting interpretation knowledge language less linguistic logic meaning methods modal nature negative notion object operations particular political positive possible practice problems processes produce projection properties propose proposition question reading reasoning refer relations representation represented respect result rhetorical rules scope semantic networks sense sentence signifiers simple situation social specific statements strategy structure suggests symbolic theoretical theory true truth unconscious understanding unit verbs weights