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NURSERY FIRMS IN CONNECTICUT RECEIVING CERTIFICATES IN 1924-Con.

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Stamford.
Manchester..
Woodmont and

New Haven........

10 Dec. 1 1573

Address

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Rocky Hill.
Norwich..

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Mount Carmel...

Manchester..

5 Aug. 19 1471

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Dec. 24

1577

Hiti Nurseries (J. H. Bowditch,

Prop.)..

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Holcomb, Irving.

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Holdridge, S. E..

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Hoogendoorn, C...

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1480

Horan & Son, Jas..

Bridgeport.

1

Oct. 29 1559

Houston's Nurseries.

Mansfield.

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Hull, Curtis M.

Wallingford.

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Isselee, Charles.

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Jones, William.

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Kelley, James J..

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Kellner, Herman H.

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Keso Nursery (J. J. Kelsey,

Prop.)..

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Leghorn, John J.

Long Hill Nursery.

Mallett Co., George A..

Maplewood Nurseries (T. H.
Peabody, Mgr.)

Marigold Farm (H. Kelley,
Prop.)....
Meier, A. R..

Millane Tree Expert Co., The
New Haven Florist Co....
New Haven Nurseries, The...
New Haven Park Commis-
sioners (G. X. Amrhyn,
Supt.)..
Newington Gardens.

New London Cemetery Asso-
ciation (Ernest E. Rogers,
Pres.)....

New London County Nurser

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ies (W. J. Schoonman, Prop) New London.... New London Greenhouses and

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NURSERY FIRMS IN CONNECTICUT RECEIVING CERTIFICATES IN 1924-Con.

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INSPECTION OF Raspberry PLANTATIONS.

In addition to the inspection of nursery stock, some fruiting plantations were examined to ascertain whether or not they were free of the disease known as mosaic. This disease is not very well understood and its cause is not definitely known, but has at different times and by various investigators been supposed to be an enzyme or chemical ferment, and an ultra-microscopic germ. or organism of bacterial or protozoan nature. Whatever may be the cause, it is fairly well established that it is transmitted by a small species of aphid, Aphis rubiphila Patch. This makes it somewhat analogous to the mosaic of potato which is transmitted by the potato aphid, Macrosiphum solanifolii Ashm.

Recently an attempt has been made in New York State to grow raspberry plants which are free from mosaic, and nurserymen are not allowed to ship raspberry plants into New York State unless some similar method of inspection and eradication is in practice in the State where the stock is grown. Similar action has been taken by the States of Ohio, Michigan and Minnesota. Consequently there were several applications for inspections on account of this disease, some from regular nurserymen, and others from owners of fruiting raspberry plantations.

As this problem required the co-operation of the Botanical and Entomological Departments, arrangements were made to visit New York State and learn the status of the raspberry inspection and the eradication of mosaic. By appointment, Messrs. Clinton and Hunt, Botanists, and Britton and Zappe, Entomologists, visited Poughkeepsie and Highland, N. Y., on July 10, where Dr. W. H. Rankin showed his work and gave the visitors all the information on the subject at his command. Evidently some varieties are much more susceptible to the disease than others, and it seems to be a difficult matter to grow the standard varieties of red raspberries and have them free from mosaic. The everbearing varieties, though not immune, are not commonly affected, and the black-caps and purple canes are not or almost never attacked. Blue stem and curly leaf are two other troubles apparently distinct from mosaic, though not well understood. The former is a disease of black-caps and the latter is found on red raspberries as well as is mosaic, though less common.

Shortly after returning to Connecticut, some inspections of raspberry plantations were made by Messrs. Zappe, Clinton and Hunt, beginning July 16 and extending through the regular inspection of nurseries. In a portion of the plantations of certain varieties, if much mosaic occurred, the owner expressed a desire to destroy the plants and not attempt to obtain a certificate. Certain other varieties were free or nearly free from mosaic and the diseased plants were removed or "rogued out" and a second. inspection made a month or six weeks later. Thus it was possible

to grant certificates on certain varieties where it had to be refused on other varieties. Altogether, eight plantations were inspected and five special certificates granted. These certificates were signed by both the Botanist and the Entomologist. The list of growers receiving special raspberry certificates is as follows:

SPECIAL CERTIFICATES ON RASPBERRY PLANTS.

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No. of

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Certificate Certifi-
Issued cate

The follo

by months

(Durham

King

plantation)..

Red Path... Oct. 10 3

Month

(Erskine Park

Novem

St. Regis...

Oct. 10

Decemb

Greenwich..
Mount Carmel
Stamford.....

La France.. Oct. 10 5

St. Regis...

Sept. 15 1

January

La France.. Oct. 10 2

Februar

March

In additi

ments conta

INSPECTION OF IMPORTED NURSERY STOCK.

The nursery stock imported from foreign countries and entering Connecticut during 1924 was inspected as in preceding years, mostly by Mr. Zappe, but assisted by Messrs. Botsford, Friend, Rogers and Walden. Though the number of shipments was slightly less than last year, there was an increase of about 75 per cent. in the number of cases and 71 per cent. in the number of plants. The following table shows the number of shipments, number of cases, and number of plants, inspected at destination, during each of the last five years:

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which were

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ost of the

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Year

1920.

1921

1922

1923.

1924.

These 33 shipments were imported by eight different Connecticut firms, 24 of them being consigned to two firms. Most of the stock consisted of seedling fruit and Manetti rose, for grafting and budding. There were 14 shipments of fruit seedlings, and 19 shipments of rose stocks; two shipments contained both

The cost of inspecting this imported nursery stock was about

fruit and rose stocks.

As in preceding years, the bulk of the shipments came from France and Holland, with a few shipments from England and other countries. The sources of this stock inspected during the

$500.00.

year were as follows:

H. K

Hollan

Jonge

Maze,

Lepidopterou

France

Quince

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Seedlin

own Gall

Englan

Americ

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The following table shows the quantities of stock as inspected

by months:

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In addition to the material tabulated above, there were 13 shipments containing 16 packages of seeds, mostly of trees and palms, which were not inspected in Connecticut.

Of the 33 shipments of stock inspected, 17 shipments or 49 per cent. were found infested with insects or plant diseases, though most of them were not dangerous pests. Details regarding these pests are given below.

PESTS FOUND ON IMPORTED NURSERY STOCK.

17 Shipments Infested.

INSECTS.

Emphytus cinctus Linn., on Manetti rose. (15 shipments). S. Bide & Son, Ltd., Farnham, Surrey, England; W. Fromow & Sons, Windlesham, Surrey, England; W. C. Slocock, Woking, England; B. Ruys, Ltd., Dedensvaart, Holland; Franco-American Seedling Co., Angers, France; Georges Benard, Olivet-Orleans, France; Oudyh Brothers Nurseries, Boskoop Holland; Association Flora, Boskoop, Holland; H. K. Woldering, Veendam, Holland; M. Gielen, Oudenbosch, Holland; V. Levasseur & Sons, Ussy, Calvados, France; D. J. de Jonge, Sappemeer, Holland. On Fruit stock, Andre Choplin, Maze, France.

Lepidopterous pupae on apple. (3 shipments.) Andre Choplin, Maze, France; Franco-American Seedling Co., Angers, France. On Quince, Louis Leroy's Nurseries, Angers, France.

Notolophus antiqua Linn., on apple (1 shipment.) Franco-American Seedling Co., Angers, France.

PLANT DISEASES.

Crown Gall on Manetti rose. (4 shipments.) W. C. Slocock, Woking, England. On fruit stock, Andre Choplin, Maze, France; FrancoAmerican Seedling Co., Angers, France.

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