in full force; but, added he, if you have a mind to make me a present of ten guineas, I will put you in a way to frustrate the hopes of your son and the ungrateful rascal will not be able to shew cause to get a single far- thing from you. These words spread joy and consolation through the Jew's heart; he instantly paid down the ten guineas, and begged our Barrister not to keep him in suspence. "No, no, this moment my advice shall direct you what to do in the case," and putting the guineas into his pocket, said, "You need only become a Christian yourself and the law will give nothing to your

son."

331

THERE is a story that a Pope and a Cardinal dying at one time, travelled together as far as the gates of paradise, and his girdle, began to try to open the holiness taking his keys from his door; sometimes he endeavoured with one key, sometimes with the other, but neither could prevail, they would not fit the wards of that lock. Whereupon his Eminence spoke to this effect; Father, you see here is no entrance for us, we have been mistaken in the keys of this place, let us even therefore try at the door of purgatory, and there we may be sure not to fail, for that is a lock of our own making.

ters far surpass the due proportion. Of 21 authors on the continent, nine reached the age of 70....or almost half....whereas the usual proportion is not more than an eighth, or a seventh at most. Of 31 English authors, 17, or more than half, died above 70.

These results do not justify the opinion that intense application abridges human life. It is probable, however, that the unusual proportion of learned men who live to a great age, may be in part ascribed to their temperate habits of life....and to an original firmness of constitution. great intellectual acquirements, and their old age, may not improbably be the effect of a common cause-the original organization of the body.

Mathematical.

Their

celebrated Ramsden, he found their difference of latitude to be 1,582,342 degrees; from whence he concludes, that one degree on the meridian, or line from North to South, whose middle point is in 12° 32', North latitude is equal to 60,495 English fathoms, 567,628 French toises. From a series of triangles at the same place, in a direction East and West, he finds the length of a degree perpendicular to the meridian, or East and West, to be 61,061 English fathoms, or 572, 939 French toises.

The East India Company have liberally determined to have the triangles extended through seven or eight degrees of latitude, for the still more accurate determination of the lengths of degrees in those latitudes; and this is intended to form the basis of a survey of the country, similar to the grand survey of England, carrying on under Major Mudge.

Births and Deaths in Russia.

BRIGADE MAJOR LAMBTON, in the British East India Company's service, has completed the measurement, in the East Indies, of an arc of the meridian of the earth, so essential, by a comparison with similar measurements DURING the year 1803, in the now carrying on in England and Russian Empire were born 690, Spain and lately executed in 385 male children, and 613,486 Lapland, for determining the girls; 688,374 persons of both exact size and dimensions of the sexes died during the same year, globe. It appears that, by and the births exceed therefore means of a series of triangles, the deaths by 615,497; 299,037 whose angles were determined marriages were concluded.-A. by a large and very accurate mong the deaths are mentioned, theodolite, lately made by Cary, 2089 individuals between 90 and he found the distance of two sta- 95; 1168 between 95 and 100; tions, north and south of each 360 between 100 and 105; 66 other, to be 108,777 English between 105 and 110; 28 between miles, and by careful and repeat- 110 and 115; 13 between 115 and ed observation of the stars, at each 120; 7 between 120 and 125 ; of the stations, with a zenith 4 between 125 and 130; and sector, made by the late justly I near 150 years of age. Vol. I. No. 7.

TT

334

FEAR TREES.

The following letter from Joseph Cooper, esquire, on the preservation of Pear Trees from blasting, is highly interesting, and will, we doubt not, be found eminently useful.

TRENTON, MARCH 2, 1804

Friend Wilson, ⚫. As I came from Fhiladelphia at the commencement of the last sitting of the Legislature, I view ed with sorrow great part of the Pear Trees in sight of the road greatly injured by the blast so destructive to that valuable fruit, and as I have preserved my trees of that kind of fruit from that malady for more than thirty years past, by an accidental discovery, I conceive it my duty to communicate it to the public, through

if think the reyou your paper, lation worth the trouble.

On my plantation was a great number of Pear Trees, which were continually blasting, and the limbs dying, until the greatest part were dead or in a state of decay, except one near the house which had iron of different kinds hung on it, such as old sickles, scythes, hoops, &c. which tree kept entirely free from the aforesaid misfortune: this induced me

to try others by hanging any iron,
of a proper form for the purpose,
such as nail rods, horse shoes, old
hoops, or any such as would be
most safe from falling, on most of
the largest limbs, in such manner
as not to bind and injure the
tree. Since that was done I
have not perceived the blast to
trees
injure them, and many trees
which were previously all dead
except the trunk, or nearly so,
are now and have been for more
than twenty years past in a flou

́rishing condition.

The reasons I

leave to others; but the fact is
so well proved by near or quite
thirty years experience, the la-
bour and expense so trifling, that
1 earnestly recommend it; and
Your Friend,

am

JOSEPH COOPER.

Manufactures.

CHARLESTON, APRIL 10.

MR. Peter Eltonhead, lately from Philadelphia, we understand is about erecting a Cotton Manufactory near Canonsburgh, upon the most improved and extensive plan....consisting of carding machines, mules which will draw from 100 to 144 threads to the finest twist....water spinning frames, &c. It is hoped that so important a branch of manufactures will meet with the support and encouragement of the citizens of this country, especially now, when cotton can be purchased at such reduced prices. The advantages that must result to the community from this establishment, must be considerable, as Mr. Eltonhead has had the advantages of seeing and working in the most extensive cotton manufactories in Eng land, and is well acquainted with, and perfect master of, the weav ing of counterpanes, blankets, It is also under jeans, stripes, thicksetts, dimities, ticking, &c.

stood that the people of the country will be supplied with yarn, candlewick, &c. in exchange for cotton. The machine will be in complete operation, in the

course of next summer.