Elements of Chemistry ...J. & A. Y. Humphreys, 1810 - 351 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acid acid gas acrid albumen alcohol alkalies altered by exposure alumina ammonia ascertained azote Barytes bitter bodies brittle brown burns caloric carbonic acid charcoal cold water colourless combines composed compound constituents contains converted cooling copper decomposed deliquesces distilled earths emitted ether evaporated exposed fixed alkalies fixed oils fluid formed gallic acid gelatine GENUS glass green colour heated it melts hydrogen hydrogen gas incombustibles insoluble iron lime liquid Magnesia mercury metallic oxides mixed mixture muriatic acid Nitrate nitric acid nitrous gas nutgalls obtained odour opake oxalic oxygen oxygen gas oxymuriatic acid phosphate phosphorus potash precipitate prisms properties proportion quantity readily red heat resin salifiable salifiable bases salt called salt crystallizes SECTION silver simple combustibles smell soda solid soluble in water solution specific gravity Strontian substance sulphate sulphuret sulphuric acid tannin taste tasteless temperature transparent volatile oils white powder yellow colour Yttria zinc
Popular passages
Page 64 - ... the angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence, the image for any point can be seen only in the reflected ray prolonged.
Page 261 - Air.ber is n brittle, light, hard substance, usually h.-arly tranrparcut; sometimes nearly colourless, but commonly yellow or even deep brown. It has considerable lustre. Its specific gravity is 1.065. It is tasteless and without smell, except when pounded or heated, when it emits a fragrant odour. When heated it softens; but, as far as is known, cannot be melted without losing some of its weight, and altering its appearance. In a strong heat it burns, leaving a small quantity of ashes, the »aiure...
Page 81 - When a stone or a brick is heated, it undergoes no change except an augmentation of temperature; and when left to itself, it soon cools again and becomes as at first. But with combustible bodies the case is very different. When heated to a certain degree in the open air, they suddenly become much hotter of themselves, continue for a considerable time intensely hot, sending out a copious stream of caloric and light to the surrounding bodies.
Page 277 - When we compare animals and vegetables together, each in their most perfect state, nothing can be easier than to distinguish them. The plant is confined to a particular spot, and exhibits no mark of consciousness or intelligence ; the animal, on the contrary, can remove at pleasure from one place to another, is possessed of consciousness, and a high degree of intelligence. But on approaching the contiguous extremities of the animal...
Page 220 - JLHERE is a thick transparent tasteless fluid which sometimes exudes from certain species of trees. It is very adhesive, and gradually hardens without losing its transparency ; but easily softens again when moistened with water. This exudation is known by the name of gum. The gum most commonly used is that which exudes from different species of the mimosa, particularly the...
Page 285 - When exposed to heat. it contracts very suddenly, and moves like a bit of horn, exhaling at the same time the smell of burning feathers. In a stronger heat it melts. When exposed to destructive distillation, it yields water, carbonate of ammonia, a thick, heavy, fetid oil, traces of acetic acid, carbonic acid, and carburetted hydrogen gas.
Page 170 - Borax is soluble in twelve times its weight of cold water, and in" half its weight of boiling water, yielding a clear solution with a slightly sweetish taste.
Page 260 - ... softens in the mouth. The specific gravity of copal varies, according to Brisson, from 1.045 to 1.139. Mr Hatchctt found it soluble in alkalies and nitric acid with the usual phenomena ; so that in this respect it agrees with the other resins. The solution of copal in alkalies he found indeed opalescent, but it is nevertheless permanent. It deserves attention, that he found rosin, when dissolved in nitric acid, and then thrown down by an alkali, to acquire a smell resembling that of copal. When...
Page 323 - Besides water and carbon, or carbonic acid gas, the skin emits also a particular odorous substance. That every animal has a peculiar smell, is well known : the dog can discover his master, and even trace him to a distance, by the scent. A dog, chained...
Page 230 - Indigo is a fine light friable substance of a deep blue colour. Its texture is very compact, and the shade of its surface varies according to the manner in which it has been prepared. The principal tints are copper, violet and blue. The lightest indigo is the best ; but it is always mixed with foreign substances ; scarcely one half even of the best indigo of commerce consisting of the pure pigment.