HARLOW HILL, a hill in Yorkfh. near Leeds. HARLSTON, à town 5 m. S. of Cambridge. HARLTON, 1. a town NW, of Grimsby, Lincolnsh. 2. a village 7 miles from Cambridge. HARLYN, a town in Cornwall, W. of Padstow, *HARM. n. f. [bearm, Saxon.] 1. Injury; crime; wickedness. 2. Mischief; detriment; hurt. We, ignorant of ourselves, Beg often our own harms, which the wife Powers How are we happy ftill in fear of harm? To HARM. v. a. To hurt; to injure. Paffions ne'er could grow. HARMA, [Gr. Agua, a chariot,] an ancient town of Bœotia, said to have been built on the spot, where Amphiaraus was swallowed up with his chariot: whence the name. I HARMANSTORF, a town of Germany, in the duchy of Stiria, 2 miles SE. of Graz. and Portuguese forts, and not quite a quarter of a mile from either, yet very often, from thence neither of the other forts can be discovered. The fun, concealed the greatest part of the day, appears only a few hours about noon, and then of a mild red, exciting no painful fenfation on the eye. Extreme drynefs makes another extraordinary pro perty of this wind. No dew falls during its continuance, nor is there the leaft appearance of moifture in the atmosphere. Vegetables of every kind are very much injured; all tender plants, and most of the productions of the garden, are destroyed, the grafs withers, and becomes dry like hay; the vigorous evergreens likewife feel its pernicious influ ence; the branches of the lemon, orange, and limetrees droop; the leaves become flaccid, wither, and, if the harmattan continues to blow for 10 or 12 days, are so parched, as to be eafily rubbed to duft between the fingers: the fruit of these trees, deprived of its nourishment, and ftinted in its. growth, becomes yellow and dry, without acquir. ing half its ufual fize. The parching effects of this wind are likewife evident on the external parts of the body. The eyes, noftrils, lips, and palate, are rendered dry and uneafy, and drink is often required, not fo much to quench thirst, as to remove a painful aridity in the fauces. The lips. and nofe become fore, and even chapped; and though the air be cool, yet there is a troublesome fenfation of prickling heat on the skin. If the harmattan continues 4 or 5 days, the scarf-skin peels HARMATTAN, a remarkable periodical wind off, first from the hands and face, and afterwards which blows from the interior parts of Africa to from the other parts of the body, if it continues a wards the Atlantic ocean. Of this wind we have day or two longer. Mr Norris obferved, that the following account in the Philof. Tranf. vol. 71. when sweat was excited by exercise on those partsfurnished by Mr Norris, a gentleman who had fre which were covered by his clothes from the wea. quent opportunities of obferving its fingular proper ther, it was peculiarly acrid, and tafted, on apties and effects. "On that part of the coaft of Africa plying his tongue to his arm, fomething like fpirits which lies between Cape Verd in Lat. 15° N. and of hartfhorn diluted with water. Salubrity forms Cape Lopez in Lat. 1° S. an easterly wind prevails a third peculiarity of the harmattan. Though during December, January, and February, which this wind is fo very prejudicial to vegetable life, by the Fantees, a nation on the Gold coaft, is called and occafions fuch difagreeable parching effects on the Harmattan. The coaft between these two capes the human fpecies, yet it is highly conducive to runs in an oblique direction nearly from WSW. to health. Thofe labouring under fluxes and interESE. forming a range of upwards of 2100 miles. mitting fevers generally recover in an harmattan. At the ifles de Los, which are a little to the N. of Thofe weakened by fevers, and finking under evaSierra Leone, and to the S. of Cape Verd, it blows cuations for the cure of them, particularly bleed-* from the ESE. on the Gold coaft from the NE. ing, which is often injudicioully repeated, have and at Cape Lopez, and the river Gabon, from their lives faved, and vigour reftored, in spite of the NNE. This wind is by the French and Por- the doctor. It stops the progrefs of epidemics: tuguese, who frequent the Gold coaft, called fim the fmall pox, remittent fevers, &c. not only dif ply the NE. wind, the quarter from which it appear, but those labouring under these diseases blows. The English adopt the Fantee word Har- when an harmattan comes on, are almost certain mattan. It comes on indifcriminately at any hour of a speedy recovery. Infection appears not then of the day, at any time of the tide, or at any period to be easily communicated even by art. In 1770,of the moon, and continues fometimes only a day there were on board the Unity, at Whydah, above or two, fometimes 5 or 6 days, and it has been 300 flaves; the fmall-pox broke out among known to last 15 or 16. There are generally 3 or 4 them, and it was determined to inoculate; those returns of it every feafon. It blows with a moderate who were inoculated before the harmattan came force, not quite fo ftrong as the fea-breeze (which on, got very well through the disease. About 70 blows every day during the fair feafon from the were inoculated a day or two after the harmattan W. WSW. and SW); but fomewhat ftronger than fet in, but not one of them had either fickness or the land wind at night from the N. and NNW. eruption. It was imagined that the infection was A fog is one of the peculiarities which always ac- effectually difperfed, and the fhip clear of the dif companies the harmattan. The gloom occafioned order; but in a very few weeks it began to appear by this fog is fo great, as fometimes to make even among those 70. About 50 of them were inocu near objects obfcure. The English fort at Why-lated the fecond time; the others had the difeafe dah ftands about the midway between the French in a natural way: an harmattan came on, and they ftand inflexible, but fall karmlessly into wood or feathers. Decay of Piety * HARMLESSNESS. n. . [from harmlefs.] Innocence; freedom from tendency to injury or hurt. recovered, excepting one girl, who had an ugly ulcer on the inoculated part, and died fome time afterwards of a locked jaw." This account differs remarkably from that given by Dr Lind, who calls the harmattan a malignant and fatal wind. See his Difeafes of Hot Glimates. As to the nature of the foil over which it blows, it appears, that excepting a few rivers and fome lakes, the country about and beyond Whydah is covered for 400 miles back with verdure, open plains of grafs, clumps of trees, and fome woods of no confiderable extent. The furface is fandy, and below that a rich reddish earth: it rifes with a gentle afcent for fjo miles from the fea, before there is the appearance of a hill, without affording a ftone of the fize of a walsut. Beyond thefe hills there is no account of any great ranges of mountains. HARMER, Thomas, an eminent diffenting clergyman, born at Norwich, in 1715, and fettled at Wheatfield in Suffolk. He was famed for his fkill in antiquities and oriental learning. His most admired works are, 1. Outlines of a Commentary on Solomon's Song, 8vo, 1768: and, 2. Obfervations on divers paffages of Scripture, in 4 vols. 1777, and 1787. He was a man of unaffected piety and very liberal fentiments. He died at Wheatfield, 27th Nov. 1988. *HARMFUL adj. [harm and full.] Hurtful; mischievous; noxious; injurious; detrimental, His dearly loved fquire His fpear of heben-wood behind him bare, Whofe harmful head, thrice heated in the fire, Had riven many a breast with pike-head fquare. Spenfer Let no man fear that harmful creature lefs, be caufe he fees the apostle safe from that poifon. Hall. The earth brought forth fruit and food for man without any mixture of barmful quality. Raleigh For flax and oats will burn the tender field, And fleepy poppies harmful harvests yield. Dryden. HARMFULLY. adv. [from harmful.] Hurtfully; noxiously detrimentally.-A fcholar is better occupied in playing or fleeping, than fpending his time not only vainly, but harmfully, in fuch kind of exercise. Afcham. * HARMFULNESS. n. f. [from harmful.] Hurtfulness; mischievousness; noxiousness. *HARMLESS. adj. [from harm.] 1. Innocent; innoxious; not hurtful.-Touching ceremonies barmless in themselves, and hurtful only in refpect of number, was it amifs to decree that those things that were leaft needful, and newlieft come, should be the first that were taken away? Hooker. She, like barmless lightning, throws her eye On him, her brothers, me, her mafter; hitting Each object with a joy. Sbak. 2. Unhurt; undamaged.-The fhipwright will be careful to gain by his labour, or at leaft to fave himfelf harmless, and therefore fuit his work flightly according to a flight price. Raleigh. * HARMLESSLY. adv. [from burmless.] In nocently; without hurt; without crime.-He spent that day free from worldly trouble, harmlessly, and in a recreation that became a church man. Walton.-Bullets batter the walls which 1 When, through taftelefs flat humility, In dough-bak’d men fome harmlessness we see, 'Tis but his phlegm that's virtuous, and not he. Donne. Compare the harmlessness, the credulity, the tenderness, the modefty, and the ingenuous pliablenefs to virtuous counfels, which is in youth untainted, with the mifchievoufnefs, the flynefs, the craft, the impudence, the falfhood, and the confirmed obftinacy, in an aged long practised finner. South. HARMODIUS, the friend of ARIsToGiton, who delivered his country from the tyranny of the Pififtratidæ. See ARISTOGITON, and ATTICA, 10. The Athenians, to reward the patriotifm of thefe illuftrious citizens, made a law, that no perfon (according to fome,) or, as others with more probability affirm, no flave, should ever after be named Ariftogiton or Harmodius. HARMONDSWORTH, a village of Middlefex, 15 miles W. of London, and 2 E. of Colnbrook, remarkable for one of the largest barns in England. Its pillars are of ftone, and esteemed. very ancient. HARMONIA, or HERMIONE, in fabulous hiftory, the wife of Cadmus, both of whom' were turned into ferpents. See CADMUS, N° r. Though many ancient authors make Harmonia a princess of divine origin, the daughter of Mars and Venus, Athenæus, quoting Euhemerus, tells us, that the was only a player on the flute, in the fervice of the prince of Zidon, previous to her departure with Cadmus. This circumftance renders it probable, that as Cadmus brought letters into Greece, his wife brought HARMONY thither.. HARMONIC. See HARMONICAL. (1.) HARMONICA. This word, when origi. nally appropriated by Dr Franklin to that peculiar form or mode of mufical glaffes, which he himself, after a number of happy experiments, had conftituted, was written ARMONICA. It is derived from the Greek word 'govia. The radical word is age, to fuit or fit one thing to another. By the word agora the Greeks expreffed aptitudes of various kinds; and from the ufe which they made of that expreflion, we have reafon to conclude, that it was intended to import the highest degree of refinement and delicacy in thofe relations which it was meant to fignify. Relations or aptitudes of found, in particular, were understood by it; and in this view, Dr Franklin could not have felected a name more expreffive of its nature and genius, for the inftrument we are now to defcribe; as, perhaps, no mufical tone can poffibly be finer, nor confequently fufceptible of jufter concords, than thofe which it produces. The Doctor, in his letter to F. Beccaria, has given a minute and elegant account of the Harmonica. "Perhaps (fays he) it may be agreeable to you, as you live in a mufical country, to have an account of the new inftrument lately added here to the great number number that charming science was poffeffed of before. As it is an inftrument that feems pecu liarly adapted to Italian mufic, especially that of the foft and plaintive kind, I will endeavour to give you fuch a defcription of it, and of the manner of constructing it, that you or any of your friends may be enabled to imitate it, if you incline fo to do, without being at the expenfe and trouble of the many experiments I have made in endeavouring to bring it to its prefent perfection. You have doubtless heard the fweet tone that is drawn from a drinking glafs, by preffing a wet finger round its brim. One Mr Puckeridge, a gentleman from Ireland, was the firft who thought of playing tunes formed of these tones. He col lected a number of glaffes of different fizes; fix ed them near each other on a table; and tuned them, by putting into them water more or lefs as each note required. The tones were brought out by preffing his fingers round their brims. He was unfortunately burnt here, with his inftrument, in a fire which confumed the houfe he lived in Mr E. Delaval, a moft ingenious member of our Royal Society, made one in imitation of it with a better choice and form of glaffes, which was the first I faw or heard. Being charmed with the fweetness of its tones, and the mufic he produced from it, I wished to fee the glaffes difpofed in a more convenient form, and brought together in a narrower compass, fo as to admit of a greater number of tones, and ail within reach of hand to a perfon fitting before the inftrument; which I accomplished after various intermediate trials, and lefs commodious forms, both of glaffes and conftraction, in the following manner. The glaffes are blown as near as poffible in the form of hemifpheres, having each an open neck or focket in the middle. The thickness of the glas near the brim is about the tenth of an'inch, or hardly quite fo much, but thicker as it comes nearer the neck; which in the largest glasses is about an inch deep, and an inch an a half wide within; thefe dimenfions leffening as the glaffes themselves diminish in fize, except that the neck of the smallest ought not to be thorter than half an inch. The largest glafs is nine inches diameter, and the smallest three inches. Between these are 23 different fizes, differing from each other a quarter of an inch in dia. meter. To make a fiigle inftrument, there should be at least fix glaffes blown of each fize; and out of this number one may probably pick 37 gaffes (which are different for three octaves with all the femitones) that will be each either_the_note one wants, or little fharper than that nófe, and all fitting to well into each other as to taper pretty regularly from the largest to the smallest. It is true there are not 37 fizes; but it often happens that two of the fame Gize differ a note or half a note in tone, by reafon of a difference in thickness, and these may be placed in the other without fenfibly harting the regularity of the taper form. The laffes being cholen, and every one marked with a diamond the note you intend it for, they are to be tuned by diminishing the thicknefs of thofe that are too fharp. This is done by grinding them round from the neck towards the brim, the breadth of one or two inches as may be required; VOL. XI. PART I often trying the glass by a well tuned harpsichord, comparing the note drawn from the glafs by your finger with the note you want, as founded by that ftring of the harpfichord. When you come near the matter, be careful to wipe the glafs clean and dry before each trial, because the tone is fomething flatter when the glafs is wet, than it will be when drying;---and grinding a very little between each trial, you will thereby tune to great exactness. The more care is neceffary in this, because if you go below your requir ed tone there is no fharpening it again but by grinding fomewhat off the brim, which will af terwards require polishing, and thus increase the trouble. The glaffes being thus tuned, you are to be provided with a cafe for them, and a spin. dle on which they are to be fixed. My cafe is about three feet long, eleven inches every way wide within at the biggeft end, and five inches at the fmalleft end; for it tapers all the way, to adapt it better to the conical figure of the fet of glaffes. This cafe opens in the middle of its height, and the upper part turns up by hinges fixed behind. The fpindle is of hard iron, lies horizontally from end to end of the box within, exactly in the middle, and is made to turn on brafs gudgeons at each end. It is round, an inch in diameter at the thickeft end, and tapering to a quarter of an inch at the fmalleft.-A fquare fhank comes from its thickeft end through the box, on which thank a wheel is fixed by a fcrew. This wheel ferves as a fly to make the motion equable, when the fpindie, with the glaffes, is turned by the foot like a fpinning wheel. My wheel is of mahogany, 18 inches diameter, and pretty thick, fo as to conceal near its circumference about 25lb. of lead.An ivory pin is fixed in the face of this wheel, about four inches from the axis. Over the neck of this pin is put the loop of the ftring, that comes up from the moveable step to give it motion. The cafe ftands on a neat frame with four legs. To fix the glaffes on the spindle, a cork is first to be fitted in each neck pretty tight, and projecting a little without the neck, that the neck of one may not touch the infide of another when put together, for that would make a jarring. Thefe corks are to be perforated with holes of different diameters, fo as to fait that part of the spindle on which they are to be fixed. When a glass is put on, by holding it ftiffly between both hands, while another turns the fpindle, it may be gradually brought to its place. But care must be taken that the hole be not too small, left in forcing it up the neck fhould fplit; nor too large, left the glafs, not being firmly fixed, fhould turn or move on the fpindle, fo as to touch or jar against its neighbouring glafs. The glaffes thus are placed one in another; the largest on the biggest end of the spindle, which is to the left hand; the neck of this glafs is towards the wheel; and the next goes into it in the fame polition, only about an inch of its brim appearing beyond the brim of the first ; thus proceeding, every glafs when fixed shows about an inch of its brim (or three quarters of an inch, or half an inch, as they grow fmaller) beyond the brim of the glafs that contains it; and it is from thefe expofed parts of each glafs that the which the taste of modern compofers, that fworn enemy to harmony and real mufic, leads; which ferves no end but to exhibit the wonderful executions of a favourite performer, and to overwhelm his hearers with stupid admiration. This is not mufic; and upon thefe occafions, though I acknowledge the difficulty of doing what I fee done, I lament that the honeft man has taken fo much pains to fo little purpose. Our inftrument is not capable of this (at leaft not in fo exquifite a degree as the harpsichord, violin, and a few others); yet if the true and original intent of mufic is not to aftonish but to pleafe, if that inftrument which most readily and pleasingly seizes the heart through the cars is the beft, I have not a moment's hefitation in fetting it down the first of all musical inftruments." * HARMONICAL. adj. ['aguovixos ; barmo(1.)* HARMONIC.nique, Fr.] 1. Relat ing to music; fufceptible of mufical proportion to each other.-After every three whole notes, nature requireth, for all harmonical use, one half note to be interpofed. Bacon. 2. Concordant; musical; proportioned to each other: lefs properly.-Harmonical founds, and difcordant founds, are both active and pofitive; but blacknefs and darkness are, indeed, but privitatives. Bacon. tône is drawn, by laying a finger on one of them as the fpindle and glaffes turn round. My largeft glafs is G, a little below the reach of a common voice, and my highest G, including three complete octaves. To distinguish the glaffes more readily to the eye, I have painted the apparent parts of the glaffes within-fide, every femitone white, and the other notes of the octave with the feven prifmatic colours; viz. C, red; D, orange; E, yellow; F, green; G, blue; A, indigo; B, pur ple; and C, red again ;-fo that the glaffes of the fame colour (the white excepted) are always octaves to each other. This inftrument is played upon by fitting before the middle of the fet of glaffes, as before the keys of a harpsichord, turning them with the foot, and wetting them now and then with afpunge and clean water. The fingers fhould be firft a little foaked in water, and quite free from all greafinefs; a little fine chalk is fometimes useful, to make them catch the glass and bring out the tone more readily. Both hands are ufed, by which means different parts are played together.-Obferve, that the tones are beft drawn out when the glaffes turn from the ends of the fingers, and not when they turn to them. The advantages of this inftrument are, that its tones are incomparably fweet beyond thofe of any other; that they may be fwelled and foftened at pleasure by ftronger or weaker preffures of the finger, and continued to any length; and that the inftrument, being once well tuned, never again wants tuning." A farther account of this inftrument, is inferted in the Annual Regifter, vol. iv. p. 149. The author propofes to ufe cork inftead of the finger, but this fubftitute does not feem capable of producing the fame mellownefs and equality of tone with the finger. Alum water is alfo thought preferable to chalk. From what has already been faid, it will eafily be perceived, that this inftrument requires to be tuned with the niceft degree of delicacy which the laws of temperament will poffibly admit. See MUSIC, and TEMPERAMENT. The fame rules, however, which are obferved in tuning a harpsichord, will be equally effectual in tuning the Harmonica; with this only difference, that greater delicacy in adjusting the chords fhould, if practicable, be attempted. On Plate clxxi. Fig. 3, is reprefented an inftrument of this kind, made by Mr Dobb, of St Paul's church-yard, London. So fwells each wind-pipe; afs in tones to ass, Harmonic twang of leather, horn, and brafs. Pope. (2.) HARMONICS, n. f. the concomitant or acceffary founds, which, upon the principles refulting from the experiments made on fonorous bodies, attend any given found, whatever and render it appretiable. Thus all the aliquot parts of a mufical string produce harmonics, or harmonica! founds. * HARMONIOUS. adj. [harmonieux, Fr. from harmony.] 1. Adapted to each other; having the parts proportioned to each other; fymmetrical.→ All the wide-extended sky, And all th' barmonious worlds on high, And Virgil's facred work fhall die. Coavley. -God has made the intellectual world harmonious and beautiful without us; but it will never come into our heads all at once; we must bring it home piece-meal. Locke. 2. Having founds concordant to each other; mufical; fymphonious. Thoughts that voluntary move harmonious + numbers. Milton. -The verfe of Chaucer is not harmonious to us: they who lived with him thought it mufical. Dryden. *HARMONIOUSLY. add. [from barmonious.] 1. With just adaptation and, proportion of parts to each other. Notchaos-like, together crush'd and bruis'd; (2.) HARMONICA, NEW. Dr Edmund Cullen of Dublin has made what he reckons an improve ment on this inftrument; but it is objected by connoiffeurs, that a full bass cannot be exécuted upon it; and that the complete bafs, practicable on the Harmonica, is greatly preferable to the chords with which the Dr propofes to grace each emphatic note, and with which, they allege, he deludes instead of satisfying the ear. Dr Cullen, however, infifts, that his inftrument "is the most exquifite and noble prefent the lovers of true harmony have ever yet received;" and that "the That all these distances, motions, and quantithrilling foftnefs of its tones, inimitable by any ties of matter, fhould be fo accurately and barmoother," fhow it" to be an inftrument more in the niously adjusted in this great variety of our system, true style of mufic, of that mufic which the heart is above the fortuitous hits of blind material caules, acknowledges, than any that either chance or in- and muft certainly flow from that eternal fountain genuity has hitherto produced. It is indeed in- of wisdom. Bentley. 2. Mufically with concord capable (he admits) of that whimsical fubdivifion to of founds.-If we look upon the world as a mufi And where, though all things differ, they agree. Pope. cal cal inftrument, well-tuned, and harmoniously ftruck, we ought not to worship the inftrument, but him that makes the mufic. Stilling fleet. * HARMONIOUSNESS. ». f. [from harmoni ous.] Proportion; musicalness. *To HARMONIZE. v. a. [from harmony.] To adjuft in fit proportions; to make mufical. Love first invented verfe, and form'd the rhyme, The motion measur'd, barmoniz'd the chime. Dryden. (1.)* HARMONY. n. J. ['agμowa; harmonie, French.] 1. The juft adaptation of one part to another. The pleasures of the eye and ear are but the effects of equality, good proportion, or correspondence; fo that equality and correfpondence are the causes of harmony. Bacon. I no fooner in my heart divin'd, My heart, which by a fecret harmony Still moves with thine, join'd in connexion fweet. Milton. (2.) HARMONY. The fenfe which the Greeks gave to this word in their mufic, is not eafy to be determined, because, the word itself being originally a fubftantive proper, it has no radical words by which we might analyse it, to difcover its etymology. In the ancient treatises that are extant, harmony appears to be that department whofe ob. ject is the agreeable fucceffion of founds, merely confidered as high or low; in oppofition. to the two others called rhythmica and metrica, which have their principle in time and meafure. This leaves cur ideas concerning that aptitude of found vague and undetermined; nor can we fix them without ftudying for that purpose all the rules of the art; and even after we have done fo, it will be very difficult to diftinguish harmony from melody, unless we add to the laft the ideas of rhythmus and measure; without which, in reality, no melody can have a distinguishing character: whereas harmony is characterised by its own nature, independent of all other quantities except the chords or intervals which compofe it. It appears, by a paffage of Nicomachus, and by others, that they Likewife gave the name of harmony to the chord of an octave, and to concerts of voices and inftru. ments, which performed in the distance of an octave one from the other, and which is more commonly called ANTIPHONE. (3.) HARMONY, according to the moderns, is a fucceffion of chords agreeable to the laws of modulation. For a long time this harmony had At no other principle but fuch rules as were almost arbitrary, or folely founded on the approbation of a practifed ear, which decided concerning the agreeable or disagreeable fucceffion of chords, and whose determinations were at last reduced to calculation. But F. Merfenne and M. Saveur having found that every found, however simple in appearance, was always accompanied with other founds lefs fenfible, which conftitute with itself a perfect chord-major; with this experiment M. Rameau fet out, and upon it formed the bafis of his harmonic fyftem, which he has extended to many volumes, and which at laft M. D'Alembert has taken the trouble of explaining to the public. Signior Tartini, taking his route from an experiment which is newer and more delicate, yet not leas certain, has reached conclufions fimilar to those of Rameau, by pursuing a path whofe direction feems quite oppofite. According to M. Rameau, the treble is generated by the bass; Signior Tartini makes the bafs refult from the treble. One deduces harmony from melody, and the other fuppofes quite the contrary. To determine from which of the two schools the best performances are likely to proceed, no more is neceffary than to investigate the end of the compofer, and difcover whether the air is made for the accompaniments, or the accompaniments for the air. the word SYSTEM in Rouffeau's Mufical Dictionary, is given a delineation of that published by Signior Tartini. Here he continues to speak of M. Rameau, whom he has followed through this whole work, as the artist of greatest authority in the country where he writes. He thinks himfelf obliged, however, to declare, that this fyftem, however ingenious it may be, is far from being founded upon nature; an affirmation which he inceffantly repeats: "that it is only established upon analogies and congruities, which a man of invention may overturn to-morrow, by fubftituting others more natural: that, in fhort, of the experiments from whence he deduces it, one is detected fallacious, and the other will not yield him the confequences which he would extort from it. In reality, when this author took it in his head to dignify with the title of demonftration the reafonings upon which he established his theory, every one turned the arrogant pretence inte ridicule. The Academy of Sciences leadly-difapproved a title fo ill founded, and fo gratuitoully affumed; and M. Eftive, of the Royal Society at Montpelier, has fhown him, that even to begin with this propofition, that according to the aw of nature, founds are reprefented by their octaves, and that the octaves may be fubftituted for them; there was not any one thing demonftrated, or even firmly established, in his pretended demonflration." He returns to his fyltem. "The mechani cal principle of refonance prefents us with nothing but independent and folitary chords; it neither prescribes nor establishes their fucceffion. Yet a regular fucceffion is neceffary; a dictionary of felected words is not an oration, nor a collection of legitimate chords a piece of mufic; there mult be a meaning, there must be connections in-mufic as well as in language: it is neceffary that what has preceded fhould tranfmit fomething of its na ture to what is fubfequent, fo that all the parts. conjoined may form a whole, and be flamped with |