(1.) IDRO, a lake of the Cifalpine republic, in the department of the Mella. (2.) IDRO, a river of Naples, which gave name to a department, during the fhort-lived Neapolitan republic, in 1799. IDSTEIN, a town of Germany, in Naffau Weilburg, 12 miles N. of Mentz. IDSU, and IDSUMO, } Two provinces of Japan. IDUMEA. See EDOM, N° 2. arts to make themselves acceptable to the laity. Savift. * JEALOUSLY. adv. [from jealous.] Sufpiciously; emulously; with fufpicious fear, vigilance, or caution. * JEALOUSNESS. n. J. [from jealous.] The ftate of being jealous; rivalry; fufpicion; fufpicious vigilance. Nor is it hard for thee to preferve me amidst the unjust hatred and jealoufnefs of too many, which thou haft fuffered to prevail IDUMEANS, or EDOMITES, the defcendants upon me. King Charles. of Efau. IDUS. See IDES. * IDYL. n. f. [uduxxov; idyllium, Lat.] A fmall fhort poem. IDYLLION, in ancient poetry, a diminutive of the diminutive word EIDOS, properly fignifying any poem of moderate extent, without confidering the fubject. But, as the collection of Theocritus's poems were called idyllia, and the paftoral pieces being by far the beft in that collec-` tion, the term idyllion seems to be now appropriated to paftoral pieces. I. E. for id eft, or, that is.-That which raifes the natural intereft of money, is the fame that raifes the rent of land, i. e. its aptness to bring in yearly, to him that manages it, greater overplus of income above his rent, as a reward to his labour. Locke * JEALOUS. adj. [jaloux, Fr.] 1. Sufpicious in love. To both these fifters have I fworn my love: Each jealous of the other, as the stung Are of the adder. Shakespeare's King Lear. Wear your eye thus; not jealous, nor fecure: I would not have your free and noble nature, Out of felf-bounty, be abus'd: look to't. Shak. -Miftrefs Ford, the honeft woman, the virtuous creature, that hath the jealous fool to her husband! Shakespeare.- A jealous emprefs lies within your arms, Too haughty to endure neglected charms. Dryd. 2. Emulous; full competition.-I could not, without extreme reluctance, refign the theme of your beauty to another hand: give me leave to acquaint the world that I am jealous of this fubject. Dryd. 3. Zealously cautious againft difhonour.-I have heen very jealous for the Lord God of hofts. 1 Kings. 4. Sufpiciously vigilant.-I am jealous over you with godly jealousy. 2 Cor. ii. 2.--His apprehensions, as his jealous nature had much of fagacity in it, or his restlefs and mutinous humour, tranfported him. Clarendon. 5. Sufpiciously careful. Although he were a prince in military virtue approved, and jealous of the honour of the Englif nation; yet his cruelties and parricides weighed down his virtues. Bacon's Henry VII. They jealous of their fecrets, fiercely oppos'd My journey ftrange, with clamorous uproar Protefting fate fupreme. Milton. -How nicely jealous is every one of us of his own repute, and yet how maliciously prodigal of other inen's? Decay of Piety. 6. Sufpiciously fearful. 'Tis doing wrong creates fuch doubts as thefe; Renders usjealous, and deftroys our peace. Waller. -While the people are fo jealous of the clergy's ambition, I do not fee any other method left for them to reform the world, than by using all honest (1.) jealous. JEALOUSY. n. f. [jalousie, Fr. from To taint his noble heart and brain 2. Sufpicious fear.-The obftinacy in Effex in refuling to treat with the king proceeded only from his jealoufy, that when the king had got him into his hands, he would take revenge upon him. Clarendon. 3. Suspicious caution, vigilance, or rivalry. (2.) JEALOUSY, in ethics, is that peculiar uneafinefs which arifes from the fear that some rival may rob us of the affection of one whom we greatly love, or fufpicion that he has already done it. The first fort of jealoufy is infeparable from love, before it is in poffeffion of its object: the latter is often unjuft, generally mischievous, always troublesome. (1.) JEAN, ST, or ST JOHN, an island of the Helvetic republic, in the canton of Bafle, in lake Bienne. (2.) JEAN, ST, a town of Germany, in the circle of the Upper Rhine, and late principality of Naffau Saarbruck, annexed to France. It appears to be included in the new dep. of Mont Tonnere; being feated on the E. fide of the Sarre, oppofite Saarbruck. (3.) JEAN, ST, D'ANGELI, a town of France, in the dep. of Lower Charente, and late prov. of Saintonge. Lewis XIII. took it from the Hugonots in 1613, and demolished its fortifications. It is famous for brandy, and has powder mills on the Boutonne, 32 miles SE. of Rochelle. Lon. c. 20. W. Lat. 45. 59. N. (3.) JEAN, ST, D'ARVET, a town of France, in the dep. of Mont Blanc, and ci-devant duchy of Savoy, 34 miles E. of Chambery. (5.) JEAN, ST, D'AVELA, a town of France, in the dep. of Ifere, 21 miles NNW. of Grenoble. (6.) JEAN, ST, DE BOURNAY, a town of France, in the dep. of of Ifere, 12 miles E. of Vienne. (7.) Jean, St, De Bray, a town of France, in the dep. of Loiret, 3 miles E. of Loiret. (8.) JEAN, ST, DE BREUIL, a town of France, in the department of Aveiron, 12 miles ESE. of Milhau. (9.) JEAN, (9.) JEAN, ST, DE CARDONNET, a town of France, in the dep. of Lower Seine, 6 m. NW. of Rouen. (10.) JEAN, ST, DE CHAZORNE, a town of France, in the dep. of Lozere, 5 miles N. of Villefort. (11.) JEAN, ST, DE COUX, a town of France, in the dep. of Mont Blanc (late Savoy), 6 miles SW. of Chambery. (12.) JEAN, ST, DE FOUILLOUZE, a town of France, in the dep. of LOZERE; 8 miles SW. of Langogne. (13.) JEAN, ST, DE GARDONNENQUE, a town of France, in the dep. of Gard, 9 m. W. of Alais. (14.) JEAN, ST, DE LOSNE, a town of France, in the dep. of Cote d'Or, and late prov. of Burgundy. În 1635 it ftood a fevere fiege against the united forces of Spain, Lorrain, and the emperor, who were at laft obliged to raise it. It is feated on the Saone, 15 miles SE. of Dijon, and 115 SE. of Paris. Lon. 5. 19. E. Lat. 47. 8. N. (15.) JEAN, ST, DE LUZ, a town of France, in the dep. of the Lower Pyrenees, and late province of Bafques. In Feb. 1794, the Spaniards were twice defeated by the French near this town. It is feated on a rivulet 10 miles NE. of Fontarabia, 12 SW. of Bayonne, and 315 S. by W. of Paris. Lon. 1. 40. E. Lat. 43. 23. N. (16.) JEAN, ST, DE MAURIENNE, a town of France, in the dep. of Mont Blanc, and late capital of the ci-devant county of Maurienne; near the junction of the Aral and Arve, 27 miles SE. of Chambery, and 40 S. of Annecy. Lon. 6. 20. E. Lat. 45. 16. N. (17.) JEAN, ST, DE MONT, a town of France, in the dep. of the Vendee, 7 miles WSW. of Challans. (18.) JEAN, ST, DE SAUVES, a town of France, in the dep. of Vienne, 44 miles NE. of Mirebeau. (19.) JEAN, ST, DE SOL, a town of France, in the dep. of Rhone and Loire, 7 miles S. of Montbrifon. (20.) JEAN, ST, DE VAUX, a town of France, in the dep. of Saone and Loire, 14 miles N. of Chalons. (21.) JEAN, ST, DE VERTUS, a town of France, in the dep. of Ifere, 24 miles SE. of Grenoble. (22.) JEAN, ST, EN ROMANS, a town of France, in the dep. of Drome, 9 miles E. of Romans. (23.) JEAN, ST, LA MOTTE, a town of France, in the dep. of the Sarte, 6 m. NE. of La Fleche. (24.) JEAN, ST, PIED DE PORT, a town of France, in the Lower Pyrenees; at the foot of the defiles called Ports, whence the name. It has a fort on a rock feated on the Nive, on the borders of Spain, 20 miles SE. of Bayonne, and 30 NE. of Pampeluna. Lon. 1. 38. E. Lat. 43. 12. N. JEARS, or GEERS, in the fea-language, an affemblage of tackles, by which the lower yards of a fhip are hoifted along the maft to their usual ftation, or lowered from thence as occafion requires; the former of which operations is called fwaying, and the latter friking. (1.) JEBB, Dr Samuel, a learned physician, born at Nottingham, and educated at Cambridge. He fettled at Stratford le Bow, where he practifed with great credit till his death. He published, 1. S. Juftini Martyris cum Tryphone Dialogus: 1729, 8vo. 2. Bibliotheca Literaria, a learned compila. tion, of which only to numbers were published in 1722. 3. De vita et Rebus geftis Maria Scotorum regina; 8vo. 4. The fame work in English, 8vo, 1725. 5. An edition of Ariftides with notes; 2 vols 4to, 1728. 6. An elegant edition of Caii de Canibus Britannicis, &c. 8vo, 1729. 7. Another of Baconi Opus Majus; fol. 1733. 8. Another of Hodii de Græcis illuftribus Linguæ Græcæ inftauratoribus; 8vo, 1742. He died March 9, 1772, leaving feveral children, one of whom, Sir Richard Jebb, was phyfician to his majefty. (2.) JEBB, John, M. D. nephew to the pre. ceding, was born in Ireland, in 1735; educated at Trinity college, Dublin, and graduated at Cambridge. But, previous to his ftudying phyfic, he took orders, and received feveral promotions in the church; all of which he refigned from fcruples of confcience, turned Unitarian, and published his Reasons, in a letter to the Bp. of Norwich; 8vo. He was a warm controverfialist, an active member of the Conftitutional Society, and a keen advocate for annual parliaments and univerfal fuffrage. His miscellaneous works, confifting of various tracts published on different occafions, were collected and published in 3 vols 8vo, in 1787. He died at London, March 2, 1786. JEBUS. See next article. JEBUSÆI, one of the 7 ancient nations of JEBUSITES, Canaan, defcendants of Jebufi, Canaan's fon; fo warlike and brave, as to have ftood their ground, especially in JEBUS, afterwards called JERUSALEM, down to the time of David. Judges i. 21. 1 Sam. v. 6. JECHONIAH, or ) K. of Judah, fucceeded his JECHONIAS, Sfather Jehoiakim, A. A. C. 599, when he was only 8 years old, and had reigned only 3 months and 10 days, when he was carried to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar. He was afterwards promoted by Evil-Merodach, about A. A. C. 562. JED, a river of Scotland, in Roxburghshire, which rifes in the N. fide of Carter Hill, 14 miles above Jedburgh, and runs into the Teviot, 2 miles N. of it. (1.) JEDBURGH, a parliament town of Scotland, capital of Roxburghshire, fituated nearly in the middle of the county, on the banks of the river JED, whence its name. It is well built and populous, and has a good market for corn and cattle. On the W. fide of the river, near its junction with the Teviot, ftand the beautiful ruins of an abbey founded by David I. a part of which ancient pile ftill ferves for a parish-church. Jedburgh is the feat of the sheriff's court and prefbytery; and is a barony in the family of Lothian. (2.) JEDBURGH, or GEDBURGH, a parish in Roxburghshire, 13 miles long, and nowhere above 7 broad. The original name Gadborough is faid to be derived from the Gadeni, a tribe who anciently inhabited the whole tract of country between Northumberland and the Teviot. In a charter granted by K. William the Lion in 1165, to the abbot and monks of Jedburgh, the name is often spelt JEDWARTH. The climate and foil are various. The latter is partly light loam, partly gravel, and fome deep clay. The air is falubrious, and many of the people long-lived. A woman fully; contemptuously; in mock; in fcoff-He jeeringly demandeth, whether the fonorous rays are refracted? Derham. (1.) JEFFERSON, a county of Kentucky, named after the prefent prefident of the United States. It is bounded on the E. and SE. by Shelby county; S. by Nelfon; W. and N. by the Ohio. It contained 3689 citizens, and 876 flaves, in 1795. (2.) JEFFERSON, a county of Tennessee, in Hamilton district, containing 7064 citizens, and 776 flaves, in 1795. (3.) JEFFERSON, a town of Virginia, on the N. fide of the Roanoke; 19 miles below the Oeconachy Ifles. Lat. 36. 32. N. died in 1775, aged 105. The population in 1790, ftated by the Rev Dr Thomas Somerville, in his report to Sir J. Sinclair (which was the first return that was made to the worthy baronet), was 3288; and had decreased 2528, in 35 years, owing to the union of farms, as well as to "the union of the kingdoms." The number of theep, whole wool is much improved, was above 8000, and that of horses 414. The chief crops are oats, barley, wheat, turnips, and potatoes. The orchards produce fruit worth about L.300 a-year. JEDDO, JEDO, or YEDDO, the capital of the . empire of Japan. It is open on all fides, having neither walls nor ramparts; and the houses are built with earth, and boarded on the outfide to prevent the rain from destroying the walls. In every street there is an iron gate, which is fhut up in the night; and a kind of cuftom-house or magazine, to put merchandizes in. It is 9 miles in length and 6 in breadth, and contains 1,000,000 of inhabitants. A fire happened in 1658, which, in the space of 48 hours, burnt down 100,000 houses, and in which a vaft number of inhabitants perished. The emperor's palace was reduced to afhes, but fince rebuilt. It is in the middle of the town, and is defended with walls, ditches, towers, and baftions. Where the emperor refides, there are 3 towers, 9 ftories high, each covered with plates of gold; and the hall of audience is fupported by pillars of maffy gold. Near the palace are feveral others, where the relations of the emperor live. The empress has a palace of her own, and there are 20 fmall ones for the concubines. All the vaffal kings have each a palace in the city, with a handfome garden, and stables for 2000 horfes. The houfes of the citizens are only a ground floor, and the rooms are parted by folding fcreens; fo that they can make the rooms larger or smaller at pleasure. It is feated in an agreeable plain, at the bottom of a fine bay; and the river which crosses it is divided into several canals. Lon. 140. o. E. Lat. 35. 32. N. JEDLINSKI, a town of Poland. JEDNITZA, a town of Hungary. JEER. n.. [from the verb.] Scoff; taunt; biting jeft; flout; jibe; mock. Midas, expos'd to all their jeers, Had loft his art, and kept his ears. Swift. Savift. They tipt the forehead in a jeer, As who should fay-the wants it here; She may be handfome, young and rich; But none will burn her for a witch. (1.) * To JEER. v. a. [of uncertain etymology.] To treat with fcoffs. My children abroad are driven to disavow me, for fear of being jeered. Howel's England's Tears. (2.) To JEER. V. n. To fcoff; to flout; to make mock. (4.) JEFFERSON, a fort of Kentucky, on the E. bank of the Miffifippi, near the Tennessee Line. (5.) JEFFERSON, a fort in the N. Weftern territory, 21 miles N. of Fort St Clair. Lat. 40. 4. N. JEFFERSONIA, a new plant lately discovered in Georgia by Dr Brickel of Savannah, and fo named by him in compliment to the prefident of the United States. In the Monthly Magazine for July 1798, the following description is given of it. JEFFERSONIA, pentandria monogynia. Calyx, below, composed of 5 fhort oval imbricated leaves; corolla, monophyllous, funnel-shaped, on the receptacle, fub-pentangular, bearing the filaments near the bafe, its margin hypocrateriform, divided into s round ducts nearly equal; ftyle petiform, horter than the petal, but longer than the ftamens; ftigma quadrifid; antheræ erect, linear, fagittated; fruit, two univalved, carinated, polyfpermous capfules, united at the base, opening on their tops and contiguous fides, having flat feeds, with a marginal wing. Only one fpecies is as yet difcovered; viz. JEFFERSONIA SEMPERVIRENS. It is a fhrub with round polished twining ftems, which climb up on bushes and small trees; the petioles short, oppofite; leaves oblong, narrow, entire, evergreen, acute; flowers axillary, yellow, having a sweet odour. The woods are full of this delightful fhrub, which is covered with blossoms for many months in the year. (1.) JEFFERY, John, D. D. an English divize, born at Ipfwich in 1647, and educated at Cambridge. After some inferior benefices, he was made archdeacon of Norwich, in 1694. He publified editions of Sir T. Brown's Chriftian Morals, Dr Whichcote's Sermons, and a volume of his own. He died in 1720. FREY. (2.) JEFFERY AP ARTHUR, or See GEOF(2.) JEFFERY OF MONMOUTH. (1.) JEFFREYS, Sir George, baron Wem, commonly called Judge Jeffreys, was the fixth fon of John Jeffreys, Efq. of Acton in Denbighshire; and was educated at Westminster; whence he removed to the Inner Temple, where he applied himself to the ftudy of the law. Alderman Jeffreys introduced him among the citizens of London; and he being a merry bottle companion, foon came into great business, and was chosen their recorder. He was afterwards chosen folicitor to the duke of York; and in 1680 was knighted, and made chief-juftice of Chefter. At length, refigning the recordership, he obtained the poft of chief-juftice of the King's Bench, and, foon after the acceffion of James II. the great feal. During the Jews had fo great a veneration for this name, that they left off the cuftom of pronouncing it, whereby its true pronunciation was forgotten. They call it tetragrammaton, or the name with four letters and believe, that whoever knows the true pronunciation of it cannot fail to be heard by God. JEHUD, or JOUD, mountains in the NW. part of Hindooftan Proper, extending from Attock E. to Bember. They are part of the territory of the mountaineers, called Gickers, Gehkers, or Kakares. After Timur had paffed the Indus, in 1398, the chiefs of these mountains came to make their fubmiffion to him; as Ambifares, the king of the fame country, did to Alexander about 1730 years before. * JEJUNE. adj. [jejunus, Lat.] 1. Wanting; empty; vacant.-Gold is the only substance which hath nothing in it volatile, and yet melteth without much difficulty; the melting fhoweth that it is not jejune, or fcarce in fpirit. Bacon. 2. Hungry; not faturated.—In grofs and turbid streams there might be contained nutriment, and not in jejune or limpid water. Broaun. 3. Dry; unaffecting; deficient in matter.-You may look upon an inquiry made up of mere narratives, as fome. what jejune. Boyle. the reign of king Charles II. he showed himself a bitter enemy to thofe diffenting minifters, who, in that time of persecution, were tried by him: he was one of the greatest advisers and promoters of all the oppreffions and arbitrary measures carried on in the reign of James II.; and his fanguinary and inhuman proceedings against Monmouth's adherents in the weft will ever render his name infamous. (See ENGLAND, § 60.) Whenever the prifoner was of a different party, or he could please the court by condemning him, inftead of appearing, according to the duty of his office, as his counfel, he would scarce allow him to fpeak for himself; but would load him with the groffeft and most vulgar abuse, browbeating, infulting, and ridiculing the witneffes that spoke in his behalf; and even threatening the jury with fines and imprisonment, if they made the leaft hefitation about bringing in the prifoner guilty. Yet it is faid, that when he was under no ftate influence, he was inclined to protect the natural and civil rights of mankind; of which the following inftance has been given:-The mayor and aldermen of Bristol had been used to tranfport convicted criminals to the American plantations, and fell them for their own private emolument, privately threatening to hang petty thieves, if they did not petition for tranfportation. This infamous trade, which had been carried on many years, coming to the knowledge of the lord chief justice, he made the mayor stand at the bar in his fcarlet and fur, with his guilty brethren the aldermen, and plead as common criminals. He then obliged them' to give securities to answer informations; but the proceedings were ftopped by the revolution. On the arrival of the prince of Orange, the lord chancellor, dreading the public refentment, difguifed himself in a seaman's drefs, in order to leave the kingdom; and was drinking in a cellar, when he was recognized by a fcrivener, who gave notice that he was there; and the mob rushing in feized him, and carried him before the lord mayor; who fent him with a strong guard to the lords of the council, by whom he was committed to the Tower, where he died, April 18, 1689. (2.) JEFFREYS, George, an English dramatic writer, born at Weldron in Northamptonshire, in 1678, and educated at Westminster and Cambridge. He studied the law, but never practifed. He published a volume of Mifcellanies in profe and verfe, 4to, 1754; containing, among other pieces, two tragedies, entitled Edwin and Merope: both acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields theatre. He died in 1755, aged 77. * JEGGET. n. J. A kind of faufage. Ainfau. JEGNI-BASAR, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia, 28 miles N. of Mogla. (1.) JEGNI-KEVI, a town of Turkey, in Natolia. (2.) JEGNI-KEVI, a town of Turkey, in Romania. JEGNI-PANGOLA, a town of European Turkey, in Bulgaria, 70 miles ESE. of Driftra. JEGNISHEHR, 2 towns of Turkey, in Natolia. JEGUN, a town of France, in the dep. of Gers, 13 miles S. of Condom. (1.) * JEHOVAH. n. f. [min] The proper name of God in the Hebrew language. (2.) JEHOVAH, or JAH, fignifies the BEING who is felf-existent, and gives exiftence to others. The * JEJUNENESS. n. f. [from jejune.] 1. Penury; poverty.-Caufes of fixation are, the even fpreading both parts, and the jejuneness or extrème comminution of fpirits. Bacon. 2. Drynefs; want of matter that can engage the attention. JEJUNUM, the ad of the small guts, fo called from jejunus, hungry; because generally found empty. See ANATOMY, Index. JEKYL, a small island of N. America, at the mouth of Alatamaha, in Georgia. Lon. 81. 40. W. Lat. 31. 7. N. JELENY, a town of Bohemia. JELLALIAN CALENDAR. See KALENDAR, N° 2. JELLALEAN EPOCHA, or the Epoch of the Sultans, began in the year of the Julian period 5792, on the 14th March, at the equinox, and was eftablished by Jellaleddan, for finding the vernal equinox, at which time the Perfians celebrate their great feaft of Neurur. JELLALÆAN YEAR. See YEAR, No 9. JELLIED. adj. [See GELLY.] Glutinous; brought to a ftate of vifcofity.The kifs that fips The jellied philtre of her lips. Cleaveland. JELLING, a town of Denmark, in Jutland. JELLOULAH, a town of Tunis. (1.) * JELLY. n. f. [gelatinum, Lat. See GELLY, which is the proper orthography.] 1. Any thing brought to a state of glutinoufnefs and vifcofity. They, diftill'd Almoft to jelly with th' effect of fear, Stand dumb, and speak not to him. Shak. 2. Sweetmeat made by boiling fugar in the gelly. Pope. (2.) JELLY is a form of food, or medicine, prepared from the juices of ripe fruits, boiled to a proper confiftence with fugar; or the ftrong de coctiona den, in the province of Smaland, on the S. fide of the lake of Werter, with a strong citadel. The houses are all built with wood. Lon. 14. 20. Ë. Lat. 57. 22. N. coctions of the horns, bones, or extremities of animals, boiled to fuch a height as to be stiff and firm when cold, without the addition of fugar. The jellies of fruits are cooling, faponaceous, and acélcent, and therefore are good in all diforders of the primæ viæ, arising from alkalefcent juices. Jellies made from animal fubftances are all alkalef cent, and therefore good in all cafes in which an acidity of the humours prevails: the alkalefcent quality is, however, in a great measure taken off by the addition of lemon juice and sugar. A fort of jellies were formerly much in ufe, called compound jellies: these had the reftorative medicinal drugs added to them, but they are now feldom prescribed. (3.) JELLY, OAT, a preparation of common oats, recommended by many of the German phyficians in all hectic diforders, to be taken with broth of fnails or cray-fifh. It is made by boiling a large quantity of oats, after the hufk is taken off, with fome hartfhorn and currants, together with a leg of veal cut in pieces, and with the bones all broken. Thefe are to be set over the fire with a large quantity of water, till the whole is reduced to a jelly; which when strained and cold will be very firm. A few fpoonfuls are to be taken every morning, diluted with a bafon of either of the above mentioned broths, or any other warm liquor. JELNA, a town of Lithuania, in Wilna. JELSO, a town of Norway, in Bergen. JELVADI, a town of Turkey, in Natolia. JEMAPPES, See GEMAPPES, N° 1 and 2. JEMARROW, a kingdom of Africa, on the S. fide of the Gambia, 120 miles from the fea. The people are Mahometans. I JEMME, a town of Tunis, anciently called TisDRA, which has feveral Roman antiquities, particularly an amphitheatre. The emperor Gordian was crowned in it. It is 90 miles S. of Tunis. JEMMINGHEN, or JEMGUM, a town of E. Friesland, 8 miles SE. of Embden. JEMPTERLAND, HIEMTLAND, or JAMTLAND, a mountainous province of Sweden, bounded on the N. by Angermania, E. by Medalpadia, S. by Hellingia, and W. by Norway. The principal towns are Reffundt, Lich, and Docra. See JAMTLAND. JENA, a ftrong town of Germany, in the circle of Upper Saxony, and in Thuringia, with an univerfity; feated on the Sala. Lon. 2. 59. E. Lat. 51. o. N. JENAUB, or CHUNAUB, a river of Hindooftan Proper, one of the 5 Eaftern head-waters of the Indus. It runs through Cashmere and Lahore, between the Chelum and the Ranvee, and unites with both these rivers at fome diftance, above Moultan. At their confluence with the Indus, 20 miles W. of Moultan, they form a stream as large as that river. The ancient name of the Jenaub, in the time of Alexander the Great, was Acefines. JENCAPORE, a town of Indoftan, in the dominions of the Great Mogul, capital of a territory fo named, feated on the Chaul. Lon. 76. 25. E. Lat. 30. 30. N. JENCOPING, or JoNXIOPING, a town of Swe. JENGHIZ, or JENGHIZ KHAN, khan or empe ror of the Moguls, the most bloody conqueror that ever exifted, was born in 1193, and began to reign when he was only 13 years of age. He conquered Cathay, Corea, the greateft part of China, and almost all Afia. He was the most bloody monfter that ever existed. He murdered above 14 millions of the human race, under pretence of extirpating fuperftition, and establishing the worship of one God. See CHINA, 9, 10; HISTORY, Part. I. Sect. XI.; INDIA, and MOGULS. He died A. D. 1227. JENHAT, a province of Hindoostan, between the Behat and the Chunaub, JENI-BASAR, a town of European Turkey, in Bulgaria, on the Ibar, inhabited by Christians and Turks. It was anciently the capital of the Raf cians. It is 175 miles W. of Nicopolis. JENISA, a river of the Ruffian empire, that runs from N. to S. through Siberia, and falls into the Frozen Ocean. JENISKOI, a town of the Ruffian empire, in Siberia, feated on the Jenifa. It is large, populous, and pretty strong; and there are villages for feveral miles round it. It is fubject to the Tungufians, who are pagans, and chiefly live on the above river. They pay a tribute to the emperor for every bow, reckoning a man and a woman for one. The climate is extremely cold; yet the foil produces black and red currants, strawberries, and gooseberries. Corn, butcher's meat, and wild fowls, are very cheap. Lon. 86. 25. E, Lat. 58. 40. N. JENKIN, Robert, a learned English divine in the 18th century, who was bred at Cambridge, became mafter of St John's college, and wrote leveral books much efteemed; viz. 1. An hiftorical examination of the authority of General Councils; 4to: 2. The reasonableness and certainty of the Chriftian religion; 2 vols 8vo: 3. Defenfio S. Auguflini; written against M. Le Clerc : 4. Remarks on fome books lately published, viz. Mr Whil ton's eight fermons, Locke's paraphrafe, &c. 5.. A tranflation from the French of the life of Apol lonius Tyanæus. (1.) JENKINS, Henry, a native of Yorkshire, remarkable for having lived to the extraordinary age of 169. He died in 1670. See LONGEVITY, (2.) JENKINS, Sir Leoline, a learned civilian and able statesman of the 18th century, born in Glamorganfhire about 1623. Being obnoxious to the parliament during the civil war, by adhering to the king's caufe, he went abroad; but returning on the restoration, he was admitted an advocate in the court of arches, and fucceeded Dr Exton as judge. When the queen-mother Henrietta died in 1669 at Paris, her whole eftate, real and perfonal, was claimed by her nephew, Lewis XIV.: upon which Dr Jenkins's opinion being called for and approved, he went to Paris, with three others in a commiffion, and recovered her effects; for which he received the honour of knighthood. He officiated as one of the mediators at the treaty of Nimeguen; in which tedious negociation he was |