To HULK. v. a. To exenterate: as, to bulk

a hare. Ainforth.

(1.) * HULL. n.f. [bulgan, Gothick, to cover.] 1. The hulk or integument of any thing; the outer covering; as, the hull of a nut covers the fhell. [Hule, Scottish.] 2. The body of a fhip; the hulk. Hull and bulk are now confounded; but bulk feems originally to have fignified not merely the body or hull, but a whole ship of burden, heavy and bulky.

Deep in their bulls our deadly bullets light, And through the yielding planks a paffage find. Dryden. -So many arts bath the Divine Wisdom put together, only for the bull and tackle of a thinking creature. Grew.'

(2.) A HULL, in fea language, is a fhip without mafts, yards, fails, or rigging. To strike a Hull, in a form, is to take in the fails, and to lash the helm on the lee fide of the fhip; and a fhip is faid to lie a-bull, whofe fails are thus taken in, and helm lashed a-lee.

(3.) HULL, a river of Yorkshire, which falls into the Humber at KINGSTON UPON HULĖ. 9977 (4.) HULL, a town in Northumberland. l. 1 (5.) HULL, a village in Worcestershire... •* (6.) HULL, KINGSTON UPON. See KINGSTON, 36.

*To HULL. v. n. [from the noun.] To float; to drive to and fro upon the water without fails or rudder.They faw a fight full of piteous ftrangeness; a thip, or rather the carcafe of a thip, or rather fome few bones of the carcase, billing there, part broken, part burned, and part drown ed. Sidney. Will you hoift fail, fir? here lies your way, -No, good fwabber, I am to bull here a little longer. ...Shakespeare. He look'd, and saw the ark hull on the flood. Milton. -People walking down upon the fhore, faw fome what come bulling toward them. L'Eftrange * HULLY. adj. [from bull.] Siliquofe; hufky. Ainsworth.

HULPEN, a town of France, in the dep. of Dyle, and ci-devant prov. of Auftrian Brabant, 9 miles SE. of Bruffels. Lon. 4. 37. E. Lat. 51. 44. N.

HULSE, a town of France, in the dep. of the Roer, and late archbishopric of Cologn; 2 miles SE. of Kempen, and 35 NW. of Cologn.

HULST, an ancient and ftrong town of Holland, in the dep. of the Meufe, and late prov. of Dutch landers; feated on a canal that communicates with the Scheidt. It was feveral times taken and retaken by the Dutch and Spaniards in the 17th century, but ceded to the republic by the peace of Munster, in 1648. It was attacked in 1702 by the French and Spaniards, but, the country being inundated, they retreated with the lofs of 1000 men. In 1747, it was taken by the French under Lowendahl. In Oct. 1794, after a fhort fiege, it furrendered to the French republic, under Pichegru. It has an elegant town-house and palace ; and is 16 miles W. of Antwerp, and 16 NNE. of Ghent. Lon. 4. 6. E. Lat. 51. 15. N.

HULTROP, a town of Weftphalia. HULTSCHIN, a town of Silefia, in Oppau. HULTSIO, a town of Sweden, in Smaland.

* HULVER. 1. f. Holly.

Save bulver and thorn, thereof flail for to make. Tuffer. (1.) HUM. n. f. [from the verb.] 1. The noife of bees or infects.

*

To black Hecat's fummons The hard born beetle with his drowsy bums, Hath rung night's yawning peal. Sbak.

Nor undelightful is the ceafelefs hum, To him who muses through the woods at noon. Thomson. 2. A low confufed noife, as of bustling crowds at a diftance.

From camp to camp, through the foul womb
of night,

The hum of either army ftilly founds.
Tower'd cities please us then,

And the bufy bum of men.

Shak.

Milton.

Que theatre there is of vaft resort, Which whilome of requests was call'd the court;

But now the great exchange of news 'tis hight, And full of hum and buz from noon 'till night. Dryden.

3. Any low dull noise.

Who fat the nearest, by the words o'ercome, Slept faft; the distant nodded to the bum. Pope. 4. A pause with an inarticulate found.

Thefe fhrugs, thefe hums and haws, When you have faid the's goodly, come between, Ere you can say she's honeft.

Shak.

Your excufes want fome grains to make 'em current: hum and ha will not do the bufinefs. Dryden. 5. In Hudibras it seems used for ham.—

And though his countrymen the Huns Did stew their meat between their hums, And the horses backs o'er which they ftraddle, And ev'ry man eat up his faddle. Hudibras. 6. An expreffion of applaufe.-You hear a hum in the right place. Spectator.

(2.) Hum. interject. A found implying doubt and deliberation.

Let not your ears defpife the heaviest found That ever yet they heard.. -Hum! I guess at it.

Shak:

Pope.

6. To applaud. Approbation was commonly expreffed in public affemblies by a hum, about a century ago.

(1.)* HUMAN. adj. [humanus, Lat. humain, Fr.] 1. Having the qualities of a man.-It will never be asked whether he be a gentleman born, but whether he be a buman creature? Swift. 2. Belonging to a man.-The king is but a man as I am the violet fmells to him as it doth to me; all his fenfes have but human conditions? Shak. For man to tell how human life began Is hard; for who himself beginning knew.

Milton. Thee, ferpent, subtil'ft beast of all the field, I knew, but not with human voice endu❜d.

Milton. -Intuitive knowledge needs no probation, nor can have any, this being the highest of all human certainty. Locke.

(2.) HUMAN, a town of Poland, in Braclaw. (3.) HUMAN, a town of Perfia, in Segestan. HUMANA, a town of New Mexico. * HUMANE. adj. [humaine, Fr.] Kind; civil; benevolent; good-natured.-Love of others, if it be not spent upon a few, doth naturally spread itfelf towards many, and maketh men become humane and charitable. Bacon.-Envy, malice, covetcufnefs, and revenge are abolished: a new race of virtues and graces, more divine, more moral, more humane, are planted in their ftead. Spratt.

HUMANELY.adv. [from humane.] Kindly; with good nature. If they would yield us the fuperfluity, while it were wholefome, we might guefs they relieved as humanely. Shak.

* HUMANIST. n. f. [humanifle, Fr.] A philologer; a grammarian; a term ufed in the fchools of Scotland.

(1.) * HUMANITY. n. f. [humanité, Fr. humanitas, Lat.] 1. The nature of man.-Look to thyfelf; reach not beyond humanity. Sidney.

A rarer spirit never did fteer humanity. Shak. -The middle of humanity thou never kneweft, but the extremity of both ends. Shak.-To preferve the Hebrew intire and uncorrupt, there hath been used the highest caution humanity could invent. Brown. 2. Humankind; the collective body of mankind.-If he can untie thofe knots, he VOL. XI. PART II.

oblige mankind by his informations. Glanv. 3. Benevolence; tenderness.-All men ought to maintain peace and the common offices of humanity and friendship in diverfity of opinions. Locke.

How few, like thee, inquire the wretched out,

And court the offices of foft humanity? Like thee referve their raiment for the naked, Reach out their bread to feed the crying orphan, Or mix their pitying tears with those that weep? Roswe 4. Philology; grammatical ftudies. In Scotland, humaniores litera.

(2.) HUMANITY, (§ 1, def 4.) or HUMANITIES, fignify grammar, rhetoric, and poetry, for teach ing of which, there are profeffors in the univerfities of Scotland, called HUMANISTS.

* To HUMÁNIZE. v. a. [humanifer, Fr.] To foften; to make fufceptive of tenderness or benevolence.

Here will I paint the characters of woe, And here my faithful tears in showers thall flow, To bumanize the flints whereon I tread. Wotton. -Was it the bufinefs of magick to humanize our natures with compaffion, forgiveness, and all the inftances of the moft extenfive charity? Addifon. * HUMANKIND. n. f. [human and kind.] The race of man; mankind.

Bleft with a tafte exact, yet unconfin'd; A knowledge both of books and humankind.

Pope.

* HUMANLY. adv. [from human.] 1. After the notions of men; according to the power of men. Thus the prefent happy prospect of our affairs, humanly speaking, may feem to promise. Atterbury. 2. Kindly; with good-nature. This is now written humanely.—

Though learn'd, well bred; and though well bred, fincere;

Pope.

Modeftly bold, and humanly fevere. HUMAR, an ifle of Arabia in the Red Sea. HUMBER, a river formed by the Trent, Oufe, Derwent, and several other ftreams. By the late inland navigation, it has a communication with the Merfey, Dee, Ribble, Severn, Thames, Avon, &c. which navigation, including its windings, extends above 500 miles, in the counties of Lincoln, Nottingham, York, Lancaster, Weftmoreland, Chefter, Stafford, Warwick, Leicester, Oxford, Worcester. It divides Yorkshire from Lincolnfhire, and falls into the German Ocean near Holdernefs.

HUMBIE, a parish of Scotland, in E. Lothian, about 6 miles fquare, but interfected by that of FALA. The climate, though healthful, is cold in the high grounds, which are chiefly employed in pafturing sheep. The foil is various; good crops of oats, barley, wheat, turnips, clover, and ryegrafs, are raifed an the low grounds; and feve. ral thoufand bolls of grain fent annually to Had. dington and Dalkeith markets, 8 and 9 miles diftant. In 1770, a farm rented at 70l. was reckon. ed large; now 5ool. is reckoned moderate, several being let at 1000l. a-year and upwards. The wood of Humbie covers about 300 acres. Edinburgh market is fupplied from this parish with its earliest SS & lambs

HUMBLER. », f. [from humble.] humbles or fubdues himself or others. * HUMBLES. n.f. Entrails of a deer. * HUMBLESS. n. f. [from humble.] Humblenefs; humility. Obfolete.

And with meek humblefs, and afflicted mood, Pardon for thee, and grace for me intreat.

Spenfer. HUMBLY. adv. [from humble.] 1. Without pride; with humility; modeftly; with timorous modefty.

They were us'd to bend,

To fend their smiles before them to Achilles, To come humbly as they us'd to creep to holy altars. Shak.

Here the tam'd Euphrates humbly glides, And there the Rhine fubmits her fwelling tides. Dryden. Write him down a flave, who, humbly proud, With prefents begs preferments from the crowd. Dryden.

In midst of dangers, fears, and death, Thy goodness I'll adore;

And praife thee for thy mercies past, And humbly hope for more.

Addifon.

2. Without height; without elevation. * HUMDRUM. adj. [from hum, drone, or humming drone.] Dull; dronith; stupid.

Hudibras.

Shall we, quoth she, stand still humdrum, And fee ftout Bruin all alone, By numbers bafely overthrown? —I was talking with an old humdrum fellow, and, before I had heard his story out, was called away by business. Addifon.

) was at first meant against Canada, but afterwards ended in an excurfion against the coaft of France. In 1747, he attended the general in the fame flation in his embafly to Vienna and Turin. He then wore the uniform of an officer; and was introduced as aide-de-camp to the general, along with Sir Harry Erskine and captain (afterwards general) Grant. In 1749, he returned to Scotland, and fpent two years with his brother; when he compofed the fecond part of his effays, called Political Difcourfes. And now the approbation of his performances was indicated by a more extenfive fale, as well as by the numerous anfwers to his opponents, publifhed by different perfons. In 1752, his Political Difcourfes were published at Edinburgh, the only work of his which was well received on its first appearance; and at London, his Inquiry concerning the Principles of Morals, which he esteemed the belt of all his performances. This year alfo he was appointed librarian to the Faculty of Advocates at Edinburgh; the principal advantage of which was, that it gave him the command of a large library. He then planned his History of England; which he confined at firft to that of Britain under the house of Stuart. The book was almoft univerfally decried on its publication, and foon after feemed to fink in oblivion. Dr Herring, primate of England, and Dr Stone, primate of Ireland, were the only literati of the author's acquaintance who approved of the work, and encouraged the author. Notwithstanding their approbation, however, Mr Hume was fo difpirited, that he had fome thoughts of retiring to France, changing his name, and bidding adieu to his own country for ever; but this was prevented by the war of 1755. He then publifhed his Natural Hiftory of Religion; to which an anfwer was fpeedily publifhed, in the name of Bp. Hurd, of which, however, he was not the fole author. In 1756, the 2d volume of the Hiftory of the Stuarts was published. This was better received, and helped to retrieve the character of the former volume. Three years after, his Hiftory of the House of Tudor appeared; which was almoft as ill received as the Hiftory of the Stuarts had been, the reign of Elizabeth being particularly obnoxious. The author, however, continued to finif at his leifure the more early part of the English hiftory, which was published in 1761, and met with tolerable fuccefs. Mr Hume being now above 50, and having obtained by his books an independent fortune, retired to Scotland, which he determined never again to leave. From this, however, he was diverted by the earl of Liertford, whom he attended as fecretary on his embally to Paris in 1764. In 1765, the earl being ap pointed lord lieutenant of Ireland, Mr Hume was intrufted with the fole management of the bufinefs of the ftate till the arrival of the duke of Richmond in the end of the year. In 1767, he returned to Edinburgh, with a great increase of fortune, and again refolved on retirement. In this, however, he was again difappointed, by au invitation from Gen. Conway to be under-fecretary. In 1769 he returned to Edinburgh, polfelfed of L.1oco a-year, healthy,with every profpeci of long enjoying his eafe and increafing reputation. of his laft illnefs and character, he himself gives

(1.) HUME, David, Efq. a late celebrated philofopher, and historian, born at Edinburgh, April 20, O. S. 1711. Being the younger fon of a country gentleman of good family, but no great fortune, his patrimony was infufficient to support him. He was therefore deftined for the bar, and paffed through his academical courses in the univerfity of Edinburgh; but being more inclined to other ftudies he never put on the gown, nor took the introductory ftep for that purpofe. The writings of Locke and Berkeley had directed the attention of the generality of learned men towards metaphyfics; and Mr Hume having early applied himself to ftudies of this kind, published in 1739 the two firft volumes of his Treatife of Human Na. ture, and the 3d the following year. He had the mortification, however, to find his book generally decried; and to perceive that the tafte for fyftematic writing was now on the decline. He therefore divided this treatise into feparate Effays and Differtations, which he afterwards published at different times with alterations and improvements. In 1742, he publifhed two fmall volumes, confifting of Effays moral, political, and literary. These were better received than his former publication; but contributed little to his reputation as an author, and still lefs to his profit; and his fmall patrimony being now almoft spent, he accepted an invitation from the marquis of Annandale to come and live with him in England. With this nobleman he ftaid a year, during which time his fortune was confiderably increated. He then received an invitation from Gen. St. Clair, to attend him as fecretary to his expedition, which

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