women's wear, not only of the above stuffs, (§ 4.) but of chips, ftraw, or cane, by plaiting, and fewing the plaits together; beginning with the centre of the crown, and working round till the whole is finished. They are alfo wove and made of horsehair, fiik, &c. HATA, a large river of S. America, in Chili. HATA-HOTUN, a town of Chinese Tartary. * HATBAND, 7. f. [hat and band.] A ftring tied round the hat.-They had hats of blue velvet, with fine plums of divers colours, fet round like hatbands. Bacon. Room for the noble gladiator! fee His coat and bat band fhew his quality. Dryden. HATBOROUGH, a town of Pennsylvania, in Montgomery county, 17 miles NNE. of Philadelphia, and 12 NE. of Norristown. It has a public library. *HATCASE. n. f. [bat and cafe.] A flight box for a hat.-I might mention a batcafe, which I would not exchange for all the beavers in Great Britain. Addifon. * (1.) HATCH. n.f. [from the verb.] 1. A brood excluded from the egg. 2. The act of exclufion from the egg. 3. Disclosure; discovery. Something's in his foul, O'er which his melancholy fits on brood; And, I do doubt, the hatch and the difelofe Will be fome danger. Shak. Hamlet. 4. [Hæca, Saxon; becke, Dutch, a bolt-] A half door; a door with opening over it: perhaps from hacher, to cut, as a hatch is part of a door cut in two. pplication of moisture and heat, and the ufe of he brush, and a hot iron, fomewhat in the shape of that used by tailors, but fhorter and broader on the face. The hat being foftened by expofure to fteam, is drawn upon a block, to which it is fecurely applied by the former method of forcing a ftring down from the crown to the commencement of the rim. The judgment of the workman is employed in moiftening, brushing, and ironing the hat, in order to give and preferve the proper figure. When the rim of the hat is not intended to be of an equal width throughout, it is cut by means of a wooden, or perhaps metallic pattern; but as no fuch hats are now in fashion, Mr Nicholson saw only the tool for cutting them round. The contrivance is very ingenious and fimple. A number of notches are made in one edge of a flat piece of wood, for the purpose of inferting the point of a knife, and from one fide or edge of this piece of wood, there proceeds a strait handle, which lies parallel to the notched fide, forming an angle fomewhat like that of a carpenter's fquare. When the legs of this angle are applied to the outfide of the crown, and the board lies flat on the rim of the hat, the notched edge will lie nearly in the direction of the radius, or line pointing to the centre of the hat. A knife being therefore inferted in one of the notches, it is easy to draw it round by leaning the tool against the crown, and it will cut the border very regular and true. This cut is made before the hat is quite finished. When completely finished, the crown is tied up in gauze paper, which is neatly ironed down. It is then ready for the subsequent operations of lining," &c. (5.) HATS, METHODS OF DYEING: According to Dr Lewis, the beft proportion of ingredients for dying hats is as follows: 100 lb. of logwood, 12 lb of gum, and 6 lb. of galls, are boiled in a proper quantity of water for fome hours; after which, about 6 lb. of verdigris and ro of green vitriol are added, and the liquor kept juft fimmering, or of a heat a little below boiling: 10 or 12 doz. of hats are immediately put in, each on its block, and kept down by cross bars for about an hour and an half: they are then taken out and aired, and the fame number of others put in their room. The two fets of hats are thus dipped and aired alternately, 8 times each; the liquor being refreshed each time with more of the ingredients, but in lefs quantity than at firft. This procefs (fays Dr Lewis) affords a very good black on woollen and filk ftuffs as well as on hats, as we may fee in the fmall pieces of both kinds which are fometimes dyed by the hatters. The workmen lay great ftrefs upon the verdigris, and affirm that they cannot dye a black hat without it: it were to be wished that the use of this ingredient were more common in the other branches of the black dye; for the hatter's dye, both on filk and woollen, is reckoned a finer black than what is commonly produced by the woollen and filk dyer. The prefent practice among the hatters, however, is to leave out the galls and verdigris, on account of the Jate advance in the prices, and to ufe blue vitriol inftead of them, in the proportion of 5 lb. to 12 dozen of hats, which is found to anfwer the purpofe equally well. (6.) HATS, WOMEN'S. Hats are alfo made for Something about, a little from the right, In at the window, or elfe o'er the batch. Shak. 5. [In the plural.] The doors or openings by which they defcend from one deck or floor of a fhip to another. To the king's fhip, invisible as thou art, There fhalt thou find the mariners asleep Under the batches. Shak. Tempeft. Shak There she's hid; The mariners all under hatches ftow'd. So feas impell'd by winds with added pow'r, Affault the fides, and o'er the batches tow'r. A fhip was faften' to the shore; The plank was ready laid for safe afcent, For fhelter there the trembling fhadow bent, And skipp'd and fculk'd, and under hatches Dryden. went. 6. To be under HATCHES. To be in a ftate of ignominy, poverty, or depreffion. He affures us how this fatherhood continued its course, 'till the captivity in Egypt, and then the poor fatherhood was under batches. Locke. 7. Hatches. Floodgates. Ainsworth. (2.) HATCH, ( 1, def. 5.) or HATCHWAY, a fquare or oblong opening in the DECK of a fhip, of which there are feveral, forming the paffages from one deck to another, and into the hold or lower apartments. See Plate CLXXIII. fig. 5, where A reprefents the main hatchway of the lower deck; NN the fore hatchway; and OO the after hatchway. There are likewife hatches of a fmaller kind, called fcuttles. See UU in the fame figure; alfo the article SCUTTLES.-Hatches is alfo, though improperly, a name applied by failors to the covers or lids of the hatchway. (3.) HATCHES. orderly in a board. Of these there are feveral forts, fome with finer and fhorter teeth, others with coarfer and longer. (3.) HATCHES (§ 1. def. 7.) are flood-gates fet in a river, &c. to ftop the current of the water; particularly dams or mounds made of rubbish, clay, or earth, to prevent the water that iffues from the ftream works and tin-washes in Cornwall from running into the rivers. (4.) HATCHES, in mining, a term ufed in Cornwall, to exprefs any of the openings of the earth either into mines or in search of them. The fruit lefs openings are called effay hatches; the real mouths of the veins, tin batches; and the places where they wind up the buckets of ore, wind batches. (1.) To HATCH. v. a. [becken, German, as Skinner thinks, from beghen, eghen, ag, egg, Sax.] 1. To produce young from eggs by the warmth of incubation. He kindly spreads his fpacious wing, And batches plenty for th' enfuing spring. Denh. The tepid caves, and fens and fhores, Their brood as numerous batch from th' eggs, that foon Burfting with kindly rupture, forth disclos'd Their callow young. Milton. 2. To quicken the egg by incubation.-When they have laid fuch a number of eggs as they can conveniently cover and batch, they give over, and begin to fit. Ray.-Others hatch their eggs and tend the birth, 'till it is able to fhift for itself. Addifon. 3. To produce by precedent action. Which thing they very well know, and, I doubt not, will eafily confefs, who live to their great both toil and grief, where the blafphemies of Arians are renewed by them; who, to batch their herefy, have chofen those churches as fitteft nefts where Athanafius's creed is not heard. Hooker. 4. To form by meditation; to contrive.-He was a man harmless and faithful, and one who never batched any hopes prejudicial to the king, but always intended his fafety and honour. Hayward. 5. (From bacher, to cut.] To fhade by lines in drawing or graving. Who firft fhall wound, through arms, his blood appearing fresh, Shall win this fword, filver'd and hatcht. Chap. Such as Agamemnon and the hand of Greece Should hold up high in brass; and fuch again As venerable Neftor, batch'd in filver, Should with a bond of air, ftrong as the axle tree On which heav'n rides, knit all the Grecian ears To his experienc'd tongue. Shak. -Thofe tender hairs, and those hatching ftrokes of the pencil, which make a kind of minced meat in painting, are never able to deceive the fight. Dryden. (2.) * To HATCH. v. n. 1. To be in the state of growing quick. He observed circumftances in eggs, whilft they were hatching, which varied. Boyle. 2. To be in a state of advance towards effect. HATCHBURY. See HARESBURY. (1.) * HATCHEL. n./. [from the verb; bachel, Ger. The inftrument with which flax is beaten. (2.) The HATCHEL, or HITCHEL, in the manufactory of flax, hemp, &c. is a tool, like a card, for dreffing and combing them into fine hairs. It confifts of fharp-pointed iron pins, or teeth, fet VOL. XI. PART 1. *To HATCHEL. v. d. [bachelen, German.] To beat flax so as to separate the fibrous from the brittle part. The asbestos, mentioned by Kircher in his defcription of China, put into water, moulders like clay, and is a fibrous fmall excrefcence, like hairs growing upon the ftones; and for the batchelling, fpinning, and weaving it, he refers to his mundus fubterraneas. Woodward. *HATCHELLER. n. f. [from batchel] A beater of flax. (1.) HATCHET. n.f. [bache, hachette, Fr. afcia, Latin.] A fmall axe.-The hatchet is to hew the irregularities of ftuff. Moxon. His harmful batchet he hent in his hand, And to the field he speedcth. Spenfer. -Ye fhall have a hempen caudle then, and the help of a hatchet. Shak. Henry VI.— Nails, hammers, hatchets sharp, and halters ftrong. Crashaw. Tyrrheus, the fofter-father of the beaft, Then clench'd a hatchet in his horny fist. Dryd. -Our countryman presented him with a curious hatchet; and asking him whether it had a good edge, he tried it upon the donor. Addison. (2.) HATCHETS have a bafil edge on the left fide, and a fhort handle, being used with one hand. They are ufed by various artificers, particularly in hewing wood. HATCHET-FACE. n. f. An ugly face; fuch, I fuppofe, as might be hewn out of a block by a hatchet. An ape his own dear image will embrace; An ugly beau adores a hatchet-face. Dryden. (1.) HATCHING. n. f. the maturating fecundated eggs, whether by the incubation and warmth of the parent bird, or by artificial heat, fo as to produce young chickens alive. The art of hatching chickens by means of ovens has long been practifed in Egypt, chiefly in a village named Berme, and its environs. About the beginning of autumn the natives fcatter themfelves all over the country; where each undertakes the management of an oven. Thefe ovens are of different fizes, but, in general, they contain from 40 to 80,000 eggs. The number of ovens is about 386, and they ufually keep them working for about fix months: as, therefore, each brood takes up in an oven, as under a hen, only 21 days, it is eafy in every one of them to hatch 8 different broods of chickens. Every Bermean is under the obligation of delivering to the person who trufts him with an oven, only two thirds of as many chickens as there have been eggs put under his care; and he is a gainer by this bargain, as more than two thirds of the eggs ufually produce chickens. In calculating the number of chickens thus annually hatched in Egypt, it has been fuppofed that only two thirds of the eggs are hatched, and that each brood confifts of at least 30,000 chickens. Hence it appears, that the ovens of Egypt give life yearly to at least 92,640,000 of thefe animals. This ufeful and advantageous method of hatching eggs was discovered in France by the ingenious Mr Reaumur; who, by a number of experiments, reduced the art to fixed principles. He found that the heat necef fary (2.) HATCHING, or HACHING, in defigning, &c. the making of lines with a pen, pencil, graver, or the like; and interfecting or going, across thofe lines with others drawn a contrary way, is called counter-hatching. The depths and fhadows of draughts are ufually formed by hatching. Hatching is of fingular ufe in heraldry, to diftinguifh the feveral colours of a shield, without being illumined: thus, gules or red is hatched by lines drawn from the top to the bottom; azure, by lines drawn acrofs the fhield; and fo of other colours. HATCHLAND, two villages; 1. in Dorsetsh. near Netherby: 2. in Surry, 4 miles from Guildford. (1.) * HATCHMENT. n.. [Corrupted from achievement. See ACHIEVEMENT.] Armorial ef cutcheon placed over a door at a funeral. His means of death, his obscure funeral, Shak. (2.) HATCHMENT, in heraldry, is the coat of arms of a perfon dead, ufually placed on the front of a house, whereby may be known what rank the deceafed perfon was of when living: the whole diftinguished fo as to enable the beholder to know whether he was a bachelor, married man, or widower; with the like diftinctions for women. (1.) * HATCHWAY. n. f. [batches and way.] The way over or through the hatches. 2. fary for this purpose is nearly the fame with that marked 32 on his thermometer, or 96 on Fahrenheit's. This degree of heat is nearly that of the fkin of the hen, and of all other domeftic fowls, and probably of all other kinds of birds. The degree of heat, which brings about the development of the cygnet, the gofling, and the Turkey pout, is the fame as that which fits for hatching the Canary fongfter, and, in all probability, the fmalleft humming bird: the difference is only in the time during which this heat ought to be communicated to the eggs of different birds. It will bring the Canary bird to perfection in 11 or 12 days, while the Turkey pout will require 27 or 28. After many experiments, Mr Reaumur found, that ftoves heated by means of a baker's oven, fucceeded better than thofe made hot by layers.of dung: and the furnaces of glass-houses and those of the melters of metals, by means of pipes to convey heat into a room, might, no doubt, be made to anfwer the fame purpose. As to the form of the ftoves, no great nicety is required. A chamber over an oven will do very well. Nothing more is necef. fary but to ascertain the degree of heat, by melting a lump of butter of the size of a walnut, with half as much tallow, and putting it into a phial. This ferves to indicate the heat with fufficient ex. actness: for when it is too great, this mixture will become as liquid as oil; and when the heat is too fmall, it will remain fixed in a lump: but it will flow like a thick fyrup, upon inclining the bottle, if the ftove be of a right temper. Great attention therefore should be given to keep the heat always at this degree, by letting in fresh air if it be too great, or shutting the stove more close if it be too Imall and that all the eggs in the ftové may equally fhare the irregularities of the heat, it will be neceffary to shift them from the fides to the centre; and thus to imitate the hens, who are frequently seen to make use of their bills, to push-Naufica teaches that the afflicted are not al to the outer parts those eggs that were nearest to ways the objects of divine hate. Broome's Notes on the middle of their nefts, and to bring into the the Odyfey. middle fuch as lay nearest the fides. Mr Reaumur has invented a fort of low boxes, without bottoms, and lined with furs. These, which he calls artificial parents, not only fhelter the chickens from the injuries of the air, but afford a kindly warmth, fo that they take the benefit of their fhelter as readily as they would have done under the wings of a hen. After hatching, it will be neceffary to keep the chickens, for fome time, in a room artfully heated, and furnished with these boxes; but afterwards they may be fafely exposed to the air in the court-yard, in which it may not be amiís to place one of thefe artificial parents to shelter them, if there should be occafion for it. They are generally a whole day after being hatched, before they take any food at all. A few crumbs of bread may then be given them for a day or two, after which they will pick up infects and grafs for themselves. But to fave the trouble of attending them, capons may be taught to watch them in the fame manner as hens do. Mr Reaumur fays he has feen above 200 chickens at once, all led about and defended only by 3 or 4 capons. Nay, cocks may be taught to perform the fame office; which they, as well as the capons, will continue to do all their lives after. (2.) HATCHWAY. See HATCH, * HATE. n. f. [bate, Saxon.] Malignity; deteftation; the contrary to love. Speak then to me, who neither beg nor fear Your favours nor your bate. Shak Hate to Mezentius arm'd five hundred more Dryden *To HATE. v. a. [hatian, Saxon.] To deteft to abhor; to abominate; to regard with the paffion contrary to love. You are, I think, affur'd I love you not. -Your majesty hath no just cause to hate me. Shak Do all men kill the thing they do not love? -Hates any man the thing he would not kill? -Every offence is not a hate at first. Shak -Thofe old inhabitants of thy holy land thou hateft for doing moft odious works. Wifd. xii. 4 But whatfoe'er our jarring fortunes prove, Though our lords hate, methinks we two may love. Dryden *HATEFUL. adj. [bate and full.] 1. Tha which caufes abhorrence; odious; abominable deteftable.-- My name's Macbeth. What owe I to his commands No more to try the fortune of the field; And, worse than death, to view with bateful eyes His rival's conqueft. Dryden. *HATEFULLY. adv. [from bateful.] 1. Odiously; abominably. 2. Malignantly; malicioufly. All their hearts ftood hatefully appall'd Long fince. Chapman. -They fhall deal with thee hatefully, take away all thy labour, and leave thee naked and bare. Ezek. xxiii. 29. * HATEFULNESS. n. f. [from hateful.] Odioufnefs. HATFORD, a town of E. Farringdon, Berks. `HATHERLEY, a town of Devonshire, near the conflux of the Towridge and Ock. It has a confiderable woollen manufacture, and markets on Tuesday and Friday. It is 28 miles WNW. of Exeter, and 201 W. of London. Lon. 4. 9. W. Lat. 50. 52. N. HAT-MAKING, n. f. the art of making hats. See HAT, $4. * HATRED. n. f. [from hate.] Hate; ill-will; malignity; malevolence; diflike; abhorrence; deteftation; abomination; the paffion contrary to love.-Hatred is the thought of the pain which any thing present or absent is apt to produce in us. Locke. I wish I had a caufe to feek him there, To oppose his hatred fully. Shak. —Hatred is the paffion of defiance, and there is a "kind of averfation and hoftility included in its very effence; but then, if there could have been hatred in the world when there was fcarce any thing odious, it would have acted within the compafs of its proper object. South.-Hatreds are often begotten from flight and almost innocent occafions, and quarrels propagated in the world. Locke.Retain no malice nor hatred against any! be ready to do them all the kindness you are able. Wake. * HATER. n. f. [from bate.] One that hates; an abhorrer; a detefter.-I of her understood of that most noble conftancy, which whofoever loves not, fhews himself to be a hater of virtue, and unworthy to live in the fociety of mankind. Sidney. Whilft he stood up and spoke, He was my mafter, and I wore my life To spend upon his baters. Shak. -An enemy to God, and a bater of all good. Brown. They never wanted so much knowledge, as to inform and convince them of the unlawfulnefs of a man's being a murderer, an hater of God, and a covenant-breaker. South. (1.) HATFIELD, or BISHOP'S HATFIELD, a town of Hertfordshire, 19 miles N. of London. It was called Bishop's Hatfield, because it belonged to the Bishops of Ely. Theodore, Abp. of Canterbury, held a fynod in it, A.D. 681, against the Eutychian herefy. It had once a royal palace, wherein Prince William, fon of Edward III. was born, and whence Edward VI. and Q. Elizabeth were conducted to the throne. King James I. exchanged the manor with Sir Robert Cecil, afterwards Lord Salisbury, for Theobalds; and the lordship still remains in that noble family, who have a fine feat here. The rectory is reckoned worth 8ool. a-year. Here are two charity fchools, and a market on Thursdays, with fairs in April and October. Hatfield is 7 miles WSW. of Hert ford. Lon. o. 1o. W. Lat. §1. 48. N. (2.) HATFIELD, a village of Herefordshire. (3) HATFIELD, a town in the W. Riding of Yorkshire, 4 m. from Doncafter; with its CHASE, famous for deer hunting. There are many intrenchments near the town, as if it had been the camp of fome great army. It is faid that no rats were ever seen in this town. (4.) HATFIELD, a town of the United States, in Maffachusetts; 4 miles S. of Deerfield. (5.) HATFIELD Broad Oak, Į KING'S HAT(5.) HATFIELD REGIS, OF FIELD, a town of Effex, feated on a branch of the Lea, 29 miles NNE. of London; so called from the nature of the foil, from its tenure by king William the Conquer She is a Prefbyterian of the most rank and virulent kind, and confequently has an inveterate hatred to the church. Swift.-Hatred has in it the guilt of murder, and luft the guilt of adultery. Sherlock. HATTEM, or HATTEN. See HATTEN, N° 1. HATTEMISTS, in ecclefiaftical history, a modern Dutch fect, fo called from Pontian Van Hattem, a minister in Zealand, towards the close of the 17th century, who being addicted to the fentiments of Spinoza, was degraded from his paftoral office. The Verfchorifts and Hattemifts refemble each other in their religious fyllems, though they never formed one communion. The founders of these fects deduced from the doctrine of abfolute decrees a system of uncontrollable neceflity; they denied the difference between moral good and evil, and the corruption of human nature: whence they concluded, that mankind were under no obligation to correct their manners, improve their minds, or obey the divine laws; that the whole of religion confifted not in acting, but in fuffering; and that all the precepts of Jefus Chrift are reducible to this one, that we bear with cheerfulness and patience the events that happen to us through the divine will, and make it our conftant and only ftudy to maintain a permanent tranquillity of mind. Thus far they agreed; but the Hattemifts farther affirmed, that Chrift made no expiation for the fins of men by his death, but had only fuggefted to us by his mediation, that there was nothing in us that could offend the Deity; this, they fay, was Chrift's manner of juftifying his fervants, and presenting them blameless before the tribunal of God. It was one of their diftinguishing tenets, that God does not punish men for 02 their their fins, but by their fins. These two fects, fays Mofheim, ftill fubfift, though they no longer bear the names of their founders. (1.) HATTEN, a town of Holland, in the dep. of Yffel, and late province of Guelderland. It was taken by the French, in 1672, and its fortifications deftroyed. It is feated on the Yffel, 5 miles SW. of Źwoll, 9 SE. of Campen, and 13 N. of Deventer. Lon. 6. 10. E. Lat. 52. 30. N. (2.) HATTEN, a town of France, in the dep. of the Lower Rhine, 7 m. NE. of Haguenau. HATTENGEN. See HATTINGEN. HATTENHEIM, a town of the French empire, and dept. of the Rhine and Nahe, lately in the electorate of Mentz; 12 m. W. of Mentż. *HATTER. n. f. [from bat.] A maker of hats. -A batter fells a dozen of hats for five fhillings a-piece. Swift. *To HATTER. v. a. [Perhaps corrupted from batter.] To harafs; to weary; to wear out with fatigue. He's batter'd out with penance. Dryden. HATTERAS, CAPE, a cape on the coaft of N. Carolina. Lon. 75. 54. W. Lat. 35. 8. N. HATTEREL MOUNTAINS, mountains between England and Wales, on the borders of Monmouth and Brecknock fhires. HATTER'S FORM. See FORM, § V. No. i. HATTERSTORFF, a town of Germany, in Auftria, 11 miles ESE. of Laab. HATTINGEN, a town of Germany, in the circle of Weftphalia, and county of Mark, 16 m. NE. of Duffeldorp. Lon. 7. 32. E. Lat. 51. 20. N. (1.)* HATTOCK. n. f. [attock, Erse.] A fhock of corn. Dia. (2.) A HATTOCK contains 12 fheaves. Some make it only three fheaves laid together. (1.) HATTON, Sir Chriftopher, lord chancel lor of England, under Q. Elizabeth. It is remarkable, that, though he was promoted to this high office, he was not bred to the law; but his conduct was irreproachable. He was a man of great learning, and a confummate statefman. He died in 1591. (2-13.) HATTON, the name of 12 English villages; viz. of 2 in Chefhire, 4 in Shropshire, and one each in Derby, Kent, Lincoln, Middlefex, Warwick, and York fhires. HATTON-CHATEL, a town of France, in the dep. of the Meufe, 8 m. NE. of St. Michael. HATUAN, or a town and fort of Upper HunHATVANY, gary, in the county of Novigrod. It was taken by the Imperialifts in 1685. It is feated on a mountain. Lon. 19. 48. E. Lat. 47.52. N. HATZFELD, a town of Germany, in Heffe, 19 miles SW. of Waldeck, and 36 SW. of Caffel. HAVANNAH, a city and fea-port town of the inland of Cuba, on the N. coaft, oppofite to Florida. It is famous for its harbour, which is in every respect one of the beft in the West Indies, and perhaps in the world. It is entered by a narrow paffage, upwards of half a mile in length, which afterwards expands into a large bafon, forming 3 cul-de-sacs; and is fufficient, in extent and depth, to contain 1000 fail of the largest fhips, having almoft fix fathom water throughout, and being perfectly covered from every wind. The town was built by Diego de Velasquez, who conquered the island. It was named originally the port of Carenas; but afterwards, when the city increafed, it was called St Chriftopher of the Havannah. In 1536, it was fo inconfiderable, that being taken by a French pirate, he ranfomed it for 700 dollars. Some time after it was taken by the English, and a fecond time by the French: nor was its value understood, or any care taken to put it in a posture of defence, till the reign of Philip II. But fince the acceffion of the House of Bourbon to the Spanish crown, it has been completely fortified. It ftands on the W. fide of the harbour, in a pleasant plain; and is the refidence of the governor of Cuba, and of the royal officers, &c. The buildings are elegant, built of ftone, and fome of them fuperbly furnished. There are ri churches and monafteries, and 2 handsome hofpitals. Near the middle of the town is a spacious fquare, furrounded with uniform buildings. The churches are rich and magnificent; the lamps, candlesticks, and ornaments for the altars, being of gold and filver; fome of the lamps are of the most curious workmanship, and weigh near 100lb. The Recollects church has 12 beautiful chapels in it, and in the monaftery are cells for 50 fathers. The church of St Clara has 7 altars adorned with plate, and the nunnery contains 100 women and fervants, clothed in blue. The church of the Auguftines has 13 altars; that of St Juan de Dios 9, with an hospital for foldiers, of 12,000 dollars revenue. It is not a bishop's fee, though the bishop of St Jago refides here, whose revenue is not lefs than 50,000 dollars a-year. In 1700 the inhabitants were computed at 26,000, and have greatly increafed finee. They are more polite and focial than thofe of any of the Spanish ports on the continent; and imitate the French in their drefs and manners. The city is fupplied with water by the LAGIDA, which runs through it by two ftreams. The entrance to the harbour is defended on the E. fide by a ftrong caftle called El Moro, fituated on a high rock; and on the walls and baftions are mounted 40 pieces of cannon. Under the faces of the SW. baftion of the Moro, and within the entrance of the harbour, is a battery of ftone, called the Twelve Apostles, almost level with the water, and the guns of which carry each a ball of 36lb. A little higher, and oppofite to the Point gate, is the Divina Paftora, or Shepherd's Battery, of 14 guns, level with the water. On the W. fide of the entrance, at the point, is a fquare fort called the Punta, with 4 baftions well mounted with cannon, about 2c0 yards from the Punta gate. On the baftions of the town, next the harbour, are a number of cannon; and about the middle of the city is the Fuerte, a square fort with 4 bastions, mounted with 22 pieces of cannon. In this laft the governor refides, and the king of Spain's treasures are depofited till the galleons arrive. On the land fide, from the Punta gate to the dock-yard, there is a rampart with baftions, faced with ftone, and earthen parapets, with a ditch, which in feveral places is fallen in, and is almoft filled up, particularly behind the Punta and land-gates, near the ftone quarries, which, if joined to one another, might be of great detriment |