words on the Black-boards, as the children take greater interest in the words if they seem to grow from the living Teacher's fingers. Call the attention of the child to the form of the words, have them print them on their Slates; have them point out the letters that go to maks up a word; write out new sentences containing the words they have already learned. Every Teacher should be prepared, and no Teacher is worthy the name who does not prepare his lessons beforehand. The true value of this kind of teaching is the words printed on the Black-board. Learning to read at this stage is not learning new words, but geting those already gone over perfectly. Object Lessons should be taught at the same time, as they increase the child's vocabulary. When we come to the eleventh Lesson we have a review. In the twelfth some new words are introduced, and these are placed at the top of the Lesson. They have by this time learned all the Letters. Before commencing new Lesson, talk to them about it, and drill them so that they know all the new words before they read it.

Professor Macoun said he had much pleasure in moving a vote of thanks to Doctor Sangster, and he would also state that he looked on the Doctor as his father as regards School teaching, as the valuable information he had received while under his instruction had contributed largely towards his success in teaching. He had been greatly benefited to-day, and he believed that the Teachers would go away better prepared to perform their arduous duties, and that the whole County would feel the benefit of the Doctor's visit. Mr. Pashley seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously.

This closed the most interesting Meeting ever held by this Association.

In the evening Doctor Sangster lectured before a large audience in the Ontario. Hall, on "Education."

The next day Doctor Sangster, Mr. Inspector Johnston, Professors Dawson and Macoun, and several Teachers visited the Deaf and Dumb Institute, upon the invitation of Doctor Palmer, Prinicpal of the Institute. After having been shown through the Building, they proceeded to the Lecture Room, where Doctor Sangster, by request, spoke for an hour to the Teachers of the Institute and to the advanced Classes, on the best methods of teaching Arithmetic.

In the afternoon they visited Albert College, and were kindly received by Principal Carman and Professor Dawson.

CHAPTER XXVIII.

REPORT OF THE SENATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR, 1872-3.

The Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and Senate of the University of Toronto have the honour to present their Report to the Governor-General for the Academic Year, 1872-3. During the year no changes of importance have been made, in the Courses of Study prescribed in the different Faculties and Schools of the University.

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The Senate, having in view the additional powers conferred by the University Statute, 36th Victoria, Chapter 29, and being of opinion that it is necessary. in the interests alike of the University and of the Country at large, to place upon a satisfactory basis the Study of the Natural Sciences, and to give more prominence, both in the University and University College, to the partial pursuits and teaching of that branch of Study, have had the subject under their careful consideration and are taking such measures as may best secure that end.

They are unable as yet to inform Your Excellency what shape the proposed modification of this Curriculum may assume, but they trust that the Resolutions, or Recommendations, which may be made, will be found to be worthy of the recognized and growing importance of the subject-matter, and that in this regard they may have vouchsafed to them the best co-operation and assistance of Your Excellency's Advisers.

They submit the following tabulated statement of the admissions to Degrees,

ad eundem statum, and Matriculation in the different Faculties and Schools of the University:

While these numbers are higher than the average, the Senate can offer their assurance that this result has been obtained without any sacrifice of the Standard of Scholarships.

The Class-lists of the Year are herewith forwarded.
TORONTO, February, 1874.

LARRATT W. SMITH, D.C.L., Vice President.
W. F. FALCONBRIDGE, M.A., Registrar.

CHAPTER XXIX.

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, TORONTO, 1873.

The University College Council have the honour to present their Annual Report to the Lieutenant-Governor for the year ending on December the 31st, 1873.

OFFICERS

His Honour The Honourable John Crawford, Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario, Visitor of the University. President: The Reverend John McCaul, LL.D.

PROFESSORS, ETCETERA.

Reverend John McCaul, LL.D., Professor of Classical Literature, Logic and

Rhetoric

H. H. Croft, D.C.L., Professor of Chemistry and Experimental Philosophy.
George Buckland, Professor of Theory and Practice of Agriculture.

J. B. Cherriman, M.A.,* Professor of Natural Philosophy.

Daniel Wilson, LL.D., Professor of History and English Literature.

E. J. Chapman, Ph.D., LL.D, Professor of Mineralogy and Geology.

G. T. Kingston, M.A., Professor of Meteorology, and Director of the Observatory.

H. A. Nicholson, M.D., D.Sc., M.A., Ph.D., Professor of Natural History.

The Reverend G. P. Young, M.A., Professor of Metaphysics and Ethics.

James Loudon, M.A., Mathematical Tutor, and Dean.

Mr. J. M. Hirschfelder, Lecturer on Oriental Literature.

W. H. Vander Smissen, M.A., Lecturer on German.

M. Emile Pernet, Lecturer on French.

W. Oldright, M.A., M.D., Lecturer on Italian and Spanish.

W. D. Pearman, M.A., Classical Tutor.

Bursar: David Buchan.

Registrar: W. D. Pearman, M.A.

* Professor Cherriman also takes the Department of Mathematics.

GRADUATES AND STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY, 1873.

The following Degrees were conferred by the University of Toronto, on Students matriculated in Arts of this College, at the Annual Commencement in June, 1873.

Since 1853, the following Degrees have been conferred by the University of Toronto, on Matriculated Students in Arts of this College.

At the Annual Convocation in October, 1873, 42 Students were admitted to this College, of who 26 were admitted as Matriculated Students in Arts: 2 in Civil Engineering and 14 as Matriculants: 12 in Arts, and 2 in Civil Engineering.

Examinations are held at the close of each Term, in the subjects of the Lectures during that Term.

All Matriculated Students in Arts, Civil Engineering and Agriculture are required to attend these Examinations in every Department prescribed by the University of Toronto as necessary for Students for their respective standings.

These Examinations were held during the year 1873 according to the Programmes. Prizes and Certificates of Honour: The Council begs leave to annex a printed statement of the results of the Examinations. (Not inserted.)

TORONTO, 16th March, 1874.

JOHN MCCAUL, President.

CHAPTER XXX.

REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF PRACTICAL SCIENCE FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST OF DECEMBER, 1873.

I have the honour to make the following Report of the School of Practical Science during the past year.

As at the time of my last Report the School had only been in operation a few months, it may be advisable, on this occasion, to lay before you a concise account of what has been done since the Classes were first formed.

In the Spring of 1872 it was decided by the Government to inaugurate a series of Evening Classes in the Building previously purchased from the Mechanic's Institute and intended for a School of Technology. The Building had been partially fitted up for that purpose, according to a Plan in the possession of the Department of Public Works, but the arrangements were not yet completed. A Room in the basement was designed for a Metallurgical Laboratory, and had been supplied with Furnaces, and with a large Apparatus intended for the distillation of water.

The draught for the Furnaces in this Apartment is very poor, and there is absolutely no satisfactory means of Ventilation. On the ground floor, the Room formerly used as a Lecture Room had been prepared for a Chemical Laboratory, and furnished with suitable Tables for the practical instruction of a large class of working Students. Rooms on the second and third floors had been assigned for the use

of Drawing Classes, and supplied with Desks and Tables for that purpose. Other Rooms were intended for Class Rooms for Mechanics and Natural Philosophy, but nothing had been done to them.

The Mechanics' Institute still occupied a portion of the ground floor, comprising a Reading-room, Library and Board-room. On taking possession of the Building for the Evening Classes, it was found that these Rooms would not be in immediate requisition for the use of the School, and accordingly, the Mechanics' Institute were allowed to retain them, and are still in possession of this part of the Building. The Music Hall, except for a short time, has not been applied to any purpose connected with the School, and has been let as usual for public entertainments.

It was decided to begin with Lectures on Mechanical and Architectural Drawing, Natural Philosophy and Chemistry. Tickets for admission to the Classes were furnished to all who applied for them, without fee. The Classes were opened on the 6th May, 1872. Instruction was given in drawing by Mr. W. Armstrong, C.E., in Natural Philosophy by Mr. J. Loudon, M.A., and in Chemistry by myself.

A very large number of applications for tickets was received, chiefly from working men, and the Classes were at once filled up. In Drawing, the number of Applicants was so great, that the rooms designed for that purpose were found too small for the requirements of the Pupils, and Tables had to be fitted up in the Music Hall for the accommodation of the Class. In spite of this, however, a considerable number had to be refused from want of room. Subsequently additional accommodation having been obtained in the original Rooms, the Class removed from the Music Hall to those apartments. During the first part of the year, many of those who had at the beginning of the Term been admitted into the Drawing Class ceased to attend regularly, and their places were supplied by others, who, in many cases, had been refused previously on account of accommodation. Throughout the year the Class continued as large as it was in the power of the Instructor to attend to.

The Classes in Chemistry and Natural Philosophy were also very well attended, and although many of those who obtained tickets for the Courses dropped off, after attending the first few Lectures, a fair proportion of regular and painstaking Students remained to the end.

The Classes, it will be remembered, were without fees, and as the idea of evening Lectures on Scientific subjects for Mechanics and others had the charm of novelty, many came as it was to be expected, out of mere curiosity, or to pass away an idle hour, these after the novelty had worn off, and when they began to find that the Classes required regular application and conscientious study, naturally ceased to attend, while those who came not from idle curiosity, but from an honest desire for improvement, and a determination to avail themselves of every opportunity of acquiring useful knowledge and mental training, continued to pursue their studies until the close of the Term.

The number of Students attending the School during 1872, was one hundred and eighty-one, of whom ninety-eight took Drawing; ninety-one Chemistry, and fifty Natural Philosophy.

During the Parliamentary Session of 1873, an Act was passed "to establish a School of Practical Science," and from that time the designation "School of Technology" has been dropped and the former title substituted. In other respects the Classes have been carried on as before.

Lectures have been given during the past year on each week evening, except Saturday, from eight to nine o'clock, from January the 8th to June the 6th, with the exception of a fortnight's Vacation at Easter; and from October the 10th to December the 19th.

The subjects taught have been Chemistry, with special reference to its application to the Arts, Natural Philosophy, (Mechanics), and Drawing applied to Architecture, Mechanics and Engineering. An endeavour has been made to give to all the Class as much as possible of a practical character.

Lectures in Natural Philosophy were given during the months of January, February and March. The Class numbered about fifty. The names, etcetera, of the Students were given in the report for 1872.

The attendance at the Classes during the year has been very good. The total number of Students who obtained tickets is 129; of these 88 were admitted to the Drawing Class, and 54 to the Chemistry Class. The name, age, occupation, birthplace and residence of each Student, together with remarks as to the regularity of his attendance at lectures, is also given.

It is gratifying to find that the Class for which these Lectures are especially designed, are largely availing themselves of them. The following Table shews the occupations of those who attended the Classes, and also the number of Students following it.

Table Shewing the occupations of the Students of the Evening Classes of the School of Practical Science, in 1873.

Another source of congratulation is to be found in the fact that the attendance during the past year has continued good from the beginning to the end. The falling off in the attendance after the first few Lectures, to which I have already alluded, as having been noticed the year before, did not occur this year. Both in Drawing and in Chemistry the attendance at the last Lectures was as large as, or even larger than, at the first. This, as an evidence that the working classes are fully awake to the advantage to be gained from the study of Practical Science, cannot fail to be looked upon as an encouraging indication.

Examinations were held at Christmas, 1872, and at Easter and Midsummer, 1873, in the various branches taught during the Term. To those who passed to the satisfaction of the Examiners, and who had been regular in their attendance at the Classes, Certificates to that effect were given. The Certificates in the Drawing Class were given on inspection of the work during the Term. In Chemistry and Natural Philosophy, (Mechanics,) written Examinations were held. Attendance at these Examinations was voluntary, and the number of Students who availed themselves of them was not large. Taking into consideration, however, the fact that this Examination was the first held, and that the great body of the Students had that nervous dred of a Written Examination, which, however groundless, is SO common among those who have never undergone such an ordeal, there is good reason for hoping that a much larger number of Candidates will present themselves for the next Examination.

The Answers of those who did come up for Examination, as well as the progress of the Drawing Pupils, were most satisfactory.