Government, some time since, ordered three routes to be surveyed, for the purpose of opening the most convenient roads from Washington two the Lakes. Major Long has just finished the survey of the second route, striking at the flourishing village of Buffalo. A third route was to be examined the next sum mer. The enterprising citizens of NewYork, are adopting measures for opening as eligible and direct a road to Lake Erie, as possible.The route is considered practicable, and no amount of funds will be found wanting, to effect this object in the most complete and thorough man ner. you will obtain all the information. The politeness and civility of Mr. M. to Americans' is notorious. We wish him success in his great undertaking. NEW-HAMPSHIRE MANUFACTORIES. The Manufacturing establishment at New-Market, which was commenced in 1823, has commenced operations, and the cloths which have been exhibited in the markets are very superior. The factories are situated at the head of tide waters at the falls of Lamprey river. About twenty dwelling houses have already been erected, and 300 men are employed in building and manufacturing. The first factory building is of stone 100 feet in length, 45 feet in width, five stories high in front, and 6 back-in which 76 looms are in operation, manufacturing daily about 1100 yards of cotton cloth. The foundation of another stone building of the same dimensions and for the same purposes as the one last mentioned, has been laid the past summer, which will be complet When all are com pleted they will give employment to about 600 females, and will manufacture about 1,500,000 yards of cloth in a year. A correspondent of the Centinel, gives the following as a correct abstract from the last triennial catalogue of the Alumni of Harvard University, hoping, although late, it will be no less acceptable. The whole number, from 1642, is 5173:-2 Presidentts of the United States--ed next year. 2 Vice Presidents do. do. do. The President of the Continental Congress-2 Secretaries of State--3 do. do. War-1 do. do. Treasury-2 Judges of the United States-1 Attorney General-10 Foreign Ambassadors, one of whom has been on five, and another on three different missions--21 Governors-22 U. S. Senators-19 Lieut. Governors29 Chief Justices-41 Judges--20 Presidents of Colleges-47 Professors do. do. American Library in London -Mr. John Miller (who is well known to all the Americans who have been in London, and most literary men in the United States) has opened a splendid establishment in New Bridge street, London, which is called the American Library, Mr. Miller's rooms are the rendezvous of all Americans in London. If you wish to find a friend who is in England, or even on the continant, here At Great Falls, in Somersworth, is an extensive manufacturing establishment with 4 factories, one of wood 5 stories, 35 feet wide and 63 feet long; one of brick, 5 stories, 45 by 156, feet; one of brick, 6 stories, 40 by 220 feet; and one of brick, 6 stories, 38 by 390 feet, recently erected, and several smaller buildings, occupied for the manufacture of carpets, dyeing, work shops, &c. &c. 6 extensive boarding houses; a spacious and elegant brick Hotel, 3 stories high; about ninety dwelling houses. At Hooksett, 9 miles below Concord, on the Merrimack, a cotton factory is erected, and has, we understand, lately commenced operations. It is situated at Hoolsett Falls, on one of the best water privileges in the country.-N. H. Jour POLICE COURT.-There were 33 cases tried at this court, during the week, ending 14th inst. Mr Justice Whitman presiding. Of these offences, there were 4 trespasses, 8 assaults and batteries, 3 pilferers, 6 common drunkards, 7 lewd and lascivious conduct, 1 search warant, 1 threat, 2 vagabonds, and 1 larceny. The punishments for these breaches of the law were, according to their magnitude, fines, imprisonment, and commitment to the house of correction. VERMONT. Hon. Ezra Butler is elected Governor of Vermont; Hon. Aaron Leland, Lt. Gov.; Hon. D. A. A. Buck, Speaker; Timothy Merrill, Esq. Clerk, and Norman Williams, Esq. Secretary of State. President Adams, Adm. Sir Isaac Coffin, the Judges of the Supreme Judicial Court, and Thos. G. Fessenden, Editor of the New-England Farmer, were admitted Honorary Members of the Worcester County Agricultural Society on the 11th inst. In the neighbourhood of Norfolk, and in the city of Wilmington, N. C. fevers of an epidemic character, are said to be very prevalent and alarming. Brighton Fair.-The exhibition of manufactures, animals, &c. at this annual fair,as was expected, from the numerous societies which have grown out of this parent one, was not so full and attractive, as on some former occasions; but the com: pany was still large, and the exhibitions shewed an increased variety, as well as much improvement, in many articles of domestic manufac ture. The murderer, Desha, says a late Kentucky paper, has not only not been tried to conviction; but is now admitted to - bail. The customs and manners of Kentucky are bad enough; but this practice is even worse; for out of it will arise a pre cedent, calculated to poison the very fountain head of law and justice. BLUE LAWS.-The following are among the early Blue Laws of Connecticut: 'No one shall run on the Sabbath day, or walk in his garden or elsewhere, except reverently to and from church; no one shall travel, cook victuals, make beds, sweep houses, cut hair, or shave on the Sabbath day; no woman shall kiss her child on sabbath or fasting days no one shall read common prayer, keep christmas or Saint's day, make minced pies, dance, play cards, or play on any instruments of music, except the drum, the trumpet, and the Jew's-harp; no one shall court a maid without first obtaining the consent of her parents-51. penalty for the first offence, 101. for the second, and for the third, imprisonment during the pleasure of the court; every male shall have his hair cut round according to a cap. Vegetables in the Western Country. Mr. Flint, in describing the productions of Missouri, Illinois, &c. says, the apples are fairer and larger than at the North, but less flavoured and more insipid-the cider requires boiling to gain body enough to keep without immediately turning into vinegar. All the roots and vegetables in those rich soils are more tasteless than those of the north. The onion is more mild, the blood beet less deeply colored, and this holds good in the whole vegetable creation.— The Irish potatoe is not raised with the same ease or abundance, or goodness as at the North. A bushel of corn is raised much easier than a bushel of potatoes. Cabbages and peas are inferior in quantity and abundance. It is generally conceded that beef is inferior. Wheat and corn are equally good, perhaps bet ter. Hospitality is good, if the poorer sort are subjects of our bounty. Else too near a superfluity. For the Boston News-Letter. Mr. EDITOR,—As much has nues. water Several propositions to obviate this inconvenience have, been repeatedly made, some of which it is said are now likely to be carried into effect. WESTMINISTER BRIDGE was begun in 1739 and finished in 1750, at the expense of 389,0001, defrayed by parliament. This bridge is esteemed one of the most complete and elegant structures of the kind in the world. It is built entirely of Portland stone, and crosses the river where the breadth is 1,223 feet, which is above 300 feet more than at London bridge. On each side is a fine stone balustrade, 6 feet 9 in. in height, with places of shelter from the rain. LONDON BRIDGE, is the first we have any account of being built over the Thames at London; and is the one that forms a partition between the sea and the interior river navigation. It was commenced in 1176 and finished in 1209; the bridge was then covered with houses connected together by large arches of timber, which crossed the street and gave it a very combersome appearance. It was the scene of a dreadful accident in 1212, occasion-er; so that the two last arches of ed by the breaking out of a fire at the Southwark end, which caused an immense multitude to press on to the bridge, and while engaged in extinguishing the fire the devouring op elements communicated with the posite extremity, and upwards of 3,000 persons perished inthe flames, or were drowned by overloading the vessels brought for their relief. Buildings were continued on the bridge till 1756, when they were all pulled down and the bridge thouroughly repaired. 'At the present time it consists of 19 stone arches of irregular construction and of various sizes; the centre arch being 72 feet in diameter, and the others varying from 8 to 20. The highest in the centre is 60 feet, and the length of the bridge is 915 feet. The space between the piers of this bridge being contracted by the size of the strelings, occasioned a fall of the water 4 or 5 feet, at every flux and reflux, of the tides, rendering it unsafe to pass through, except at high VOL. IL The width of the bridge is 44 feet, having on each side a fine footway for passengers 7 feet broad. It consists of 14 piers, and 13 large and 2 small arches, all semicircular, that in the centre being 76 feet wide, and the rest decreasing four feet each from the oth the thirteen great ones are each 52 feet. The width of the two small arches at the abutments is about 20 feet. It is computed that about 40,000 value, in stone and other materials, is under water. The proportions of this bridge are so accurate, that if a person speak against the wall of any of the recesses on one side the way, he may be distinctly heard on the opposite side; even a whisper is perceptible during the stillness of the night. BLACKFRIARS BRIDGE is an elegant structure, built after a design of Mr Robert Mylne, between 1760 and 1768, at an expense of 1528401, which was defrayed by a toll on the passengers. The situation of the ground on the two shores obliged the architect to employ elliptical arches; and they have a very fine effect. There are nine arches, the centre one being 100 feet wide. The whole length is 995 feet. The breadth of the carriageway is 28 feet, and that of the footways 7 feet 17 each. Over each pier is a recess, supported by beautiful Ionic pillars, and at each extremity are stairs leading to the water. This bridge is situated at about an equal distance from those of Southwark and Waterloo. It commands a very fine view of St Paul's cathedral, as well as of both sides of the river, including the Tower, the Monument, Somerset House, Westminster Abby, and about thirty churches. VAUXHALL BRIDGE was constructed at an expense of about 150,0001, which is to be defrayed by a toll. The first stone was laid in 1813, and the bridge was completed in 1816. It consists of aine cast iron arches, with piers formed by a wooden frame as a foundation, faced with Kentish ragstone and Roman cemeat. The arches are 78 feet in span, and 29 in hight,and the length of the bridge is 850 feet. It contributes greatly to the beauty of the inetropolis, and affords the inhabitants of Vauxhall, Lambeth, &c. an easy communication with the houses of parliament and courts of law, Pulice, Chelsea, and their popuJous neighbourhoods. The following are the dimensions of the bridge: The length of the stone-work Total length from the strand, Width of the bridge within the balustrades, Width of pavement or foot way, on each side, Span of each arch, Feet. 1212 1250 400 2890 42 7 28 120 20 1080 40 This is a toll bridge and has 4 toll lodges of Doric structures, and STRAND OR WATERLOO BRridge.- at each of which is a clever contriThis bridge was commenced in vance, for the purpose of checking. 1311 and finished June 18, 1317, The iron turnstiles, which admit of the anniversary of the battle of only one person passing at a time, Waterloo. The style of the archi-touch some machinery communicattecture is plain, but noble, and the materials are of the most durable kind, the outside courses being of Cornish, and the balustrades of Abberdeen granite. All the arches are elliptical, and of an equal size, and consequently the road over them is level,in which respect this bridge differs from all others in London. Each pier rests on 320 piles,driven into the bed of the river, there being one pile to every yard square; the Lugth of the piles is about 20 fect, and the diameter about inches. At each extremity of the bridge are very handsome stairs to the water. 13 ing with a clock locked up in an oak box in each toll-house, the index of which is thereby moved, so that on looking at it the number of those who have passed is directly seen. The bridge is exactly on a level with the Strand, and 50 feet above the surface of the Thames. During the summer months it is much frequented as a promenade. SOUTHWARK BRIDGE, was begun on the 23d September, 1814, and completed March 1819, at an expense of 800,0007. including the avenues. This stupendous bridge consists of three cast iron arches, resting on massive stone piers and abutments. On the same day July 1811 there passed over London bridge 39,640 foot passengers; 1,240 coaches; 435 gigs and taxed carts; 769 waggons; 2,921 carts and drays; and 764 horses. Accorning to calculations made daily by Mr Dodd, during six weeks in summer, and six in winter, with a view to ascertain what might be the profits of Waterloo bridge, the average number of foot passengers who traversed Blackfriars' bridge, dur ing the day of twenty-four hours, he estimated to be 48,000, and Westminister bridge 32,000; but during these calculations, on one fine Sunday in August, 1308, 74, 127 crossed Blackfriars bridge. The distance between the abutments is 708 feét. The extent of each abutment enclosed, including the land and invert arches,is 71 feet, formed of solid masonry. There are two piers 60 feet high from the bed of the river to the top of the parapet, 24 feet in brea lth between high and low water marks, and 75 feet long, between acme and acme of the salient angles. The foundation of these piers are each about 12 feet below the bed or bottom of the river, and rest on a platform of timber, 2 1-2 feet thick; these platforms repose on about 420 piles, most of which are driven 24 feet into the earth, making the depth from the shoe of the piles to the parapet of the piers, 98 feet. The two side arches are 210 feet each in span, and the centre arch 240, with 43 feet clear opening above low-water mark, medium tides. Thus the centre arch is the largest in the world, as it exceeds the admired bridge of Sunderland by 4 feet in the span, Since the completion of the New and the long-famed Rialto at Venice Market, there has heen a prodiby 167 feet. Many of the iron sin-geous outcry, by a few writers and gle or solid castings weigh 10 tons each; and the total weight of iron exceeds 5,308 tons! This bridge was constructed with so much accuracy, that when the centerings of the middle arch were removed, it only sunk at the vertex one inch 7-8ths. The turnstiles are on a similar construction to those of Waterloo-bridge.' Some idea of the traffic that takes place accross these bridges may be formed from the following statements given in Liegh's Picture of London. According to an account taken July, 1811, it appears that there passed over Blackfriars'bridge, in one day 61,069 foot passengers; 533 waggons; 1,502 carts and drays; 990 coaches; 500 gigs and taxed carts; and 822 horses. Though waggons carts, and drays do not pass on Sundays, yet it is supposed that the number is more than balanced by the extra passage of coaches, gigs horses &c. on that day. It has been stated, in less accurate calculations, that upwards of 125,000 persons daily crossed London bridge, For the City Record. CITY GOVERNMENT. a personal abuse, toward individuals. of the city government, which has perfectly astonished the inhabitants of other cities. Because the Mayor has been efficient, and executed in a little time, more than was ever accomplished in a century before in Boston,-which, indeed, it is admitted, conduces to the cleanliness, beauty, and convenience of the city, the most inappropriate epithets have been thrown in his face-and insult upon insult, to the eternal disgrace of the author, have fallen in copious showers. Is there a man in Boston, who would not defend the New-Market, from spoilation? And who would vote for a restoration of those edifices which have been succeeded by useful, ornamental buildings infinitely better calculated for the purposes to which the former ones were devoted? Rather than the order should be reversed, and those docks contracted streets which excited the derision of strangers. |