THE RAPE OF LUCRECE TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE HENRY WRIOTHESLY EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON AND BARON OF TICHFIELD. THE love I dedicate to your lordship is without end; whereof this pamphlet, without beginning, is but a superfluous moiety. The warrant I have of your honourable disposition, not the worth of my untutored lines, makes it assured of acceptance. What I have done is yours; what I have to do is yours; being part in all I have, devoted yours. Were my worth greater, my duty would show greater; meantime, as it is, it is bound to your lordship, to whom I wish long life, still lengthened with happiness. Your lordship's in all duty, WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE. THE ARGUMENT. LUCIUS TARQUINIUS, -for his excessive pride surnamed Superbus, - after he had caused his own father-in-law, Servius Tullius, to be cruelly murdered, and contrary to the Roman laws and customs, not requiring or staying for the people's suffrages, had possessed himself of the kingdom, went, accompanied with his sons and other noblemen of Rome, to besiege Ardea. During which siege the principal men of the army meeting one evening at the tent of Sextus Tarquinius, the king's son, in their discourses after supper, every one commended the virtues of his own wife: among whom Collatinus extolled the incomparable chastity of his wife Lucretia. In that pleasant humour they all posted to Rome; and intending, by their secret and sudden' arrival, to make trial of that which every one had before avouched, only Collatinus finds his wife-though it were late in the night-spinning amongst her maids: the other ladies were all found dancing and revelling, or in several disports. Whereupon the noblemen yielded Collatinus the victory, and his wife the fame. At that time Sextus Tarquinius, being inflamed with Lucrece' beauty, yet smothering his passions for the present, departed with the rest back to the camp; from whence he shortly after privily withdrew himself, and was, according to his estate, royally entertained and lodged by Lucrece at Collatium. The same night he treacherously stealeth into her chamber, violently ravished her, and early in the morning speedeth away. Lucrece, in this lamentable plight, hastily dispatcheth messengers, one to Rome for her father, and another to the camp for Collatine. They came, the one accompanied with Junius Brutus, the other with Publius Valerius; and finding Lucrece attired in mourning habit, demanded the cause of her sorrow. She, first taking an oath of them for her revenge, revealed the actor, and the whole manner of his dealing, and withal suddenly stabbed herself. Which done, with one consent they all vowed to root out the whole hated family of the Tarquins; and, bearing the dead body to Rome, Brutus acquainted the people with the doer and manner of the vile deed, with a bitter invective against the tyranny of the king: wherewith the people were so moved, that with one consent and a general acclamation the Tarquins were all exiled, and the state government changed from kings to consuls. O happiness enjoy'd but of a few! Beauty itself doth of itself persuade 29 32 Of that rich jewel he should keep unknown From thievish ears, because it is his own? Perchance his boast of Lucrece' sovereignty 36 Suggested this proud issue of a king; For by our ears our hearts oft tainted be: Perchance that envy of so rich a thing, Braving compare, disdainfully did sting 40 This silent war of lilies and of roses, The coward captive vanquished doth yield Now thinks he that her husband's shallow tongue The niggard prodigal that prais'd her so- His high-pitch'd thoughts, that meaner men should vaunt owe That golden hap which their superiors want. But some untimely thought did instigate This earthly saint, adored by this devil, His all-too-timeless speed, if none of those: 44 Little suspecteth the false worshipper; His honour, his affairs, his friends, his state, For unstain'd thoughts do seldom dream on Neglected all, with swift intent he goes evil, To quench the coal which in his liver glows. O! rash false heat, wrapp'd in repentant cold, Thy hasty spring still blasts, and ne'er grows old. 49 Birds never lim'd no secret bushes fear: 88 For that he colour'd with his high estate, 92 Those that much covet are with gain so fond, 96 But, poorly rich, so wanteth in his store, That, cloy'd with much, he pineth still for more. Is but to surfeit, and such griefs sustain, That they prove bankrupt in this poor-rich gain. The aim of all is but to nurse the life 140 144 With honour, wealth, and ease, in waning age; The death of all, and all together lost. So that in venturing ill we leave to be 148 152 The thing we have: and, all for want of wit, Make something nothing by augmenting it. 116 His falchion on a flint he softly smiteth, And to the flame thus speaks advisedly: 'As from this cold flint I enforc'd this fire, So Lucrece must I force to my desire.' 180 The guilt being great, the fear doth still exceed; And extreme fear can neither fight nor fly, But coward-like with trembling terror die. 'Had Collatinus kill'd my son or sire, 184 Or lain in ambush to betray my life, Or were he not my dear friend, this desire Might have excuse to work upon his wife, As in revenge or quittal of such strife: But as he is my kinsman, my dear friend, 187 Here pale with fear he doth premeditate 191 Let fair humanity abhor the deed That spots and stains love's modest snowwhite weed. 196 'Yea, though I die, the scandal will survive, 204 208 232 236 The shame and fault finds no excuse nor end. 240 'Shameful it is; ay, if the fact be known: 249 256 Shall curse my bones, and hold it for no sin 'And how her hand, in my hand being lock'd, To wish that I their father had not been. 261 Forc'd it to tremble with her loyal fear! 'Why hunt I then for colour or excuses? As corn o'ergrown by weeds, so heedful fear So cross him with their opposite persuasion, 292 But with a pure appeal seeks to the heart, Which once corrupted, takes the worser part; And therein heartens up his servile powers, Who, flatter'd by their leader's jocund show, Stuff up his lust, as minutes fill up hours; 297 And as their captain, so their pride doth grow, Paying more slavish tribute than they owe. By reprobate desire thus madly led, 300 The Roman lord marcheth to Lucrece' bed. The locks between her chamber and his will, heard; 304 [there; Night-wandering weasels shriek to see him They fright him, yet he still pursues his fear. And they would stand auspicious to the hour, Even there he starts: quoth he, 'I must deflower; 348 The powers to whom I pray abhor this fact, How can they then assist me in the act? 352 'Then Love and Fortune be my gods, my guide! My will is back'd with resolution: Thoughts are but dreams till their effects be tried; The blackest sin is clear'd with absolution; Against love's fire fear's frost hath dissolution. The eye of heaven is out, and misty night 356 Covers the shame that follows sweet delight.' 316 And being lighted, by the light he spies 320 |