An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures - Thomas Hartwell Horne - Google Books

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§ 2. Account of Greek Manuscripts containing the Old and New Testaments.

I. The Alexandrian manuscript. - II. The Vatican manuscript.

§3. Account of Manuscripts (entire or in part) containing the Septuagint or Gree

Version of the Old Testament

I. The Codex Cottonianus.-II. The Codex Sarravianus. - III. The Code:

Colbertinus. IV. The Codex Cæsareus, Argenteus, or Argenteo-Purpureus

V. The Codex Ambrosianus. VI. The Codex Coislinianus. - VII. The

Codex Basilio-Vaticanus. - VIII. The Codex Turicensis.

4. Account of the principal Manuscripts containing the New Testament entire of

I. The Codex Cottonianus (Titus C. XV.) — II. The Codex Beza, or Cantabri

III. The Codex Ephremi. IV. The Codex Claromontanus..

The Codex Argenteus.- VI. The Codex Rescriptus of St. Matthew's Gospel

in Trinity College, Dublin. VII. The Codex Laudianus 3.- VIII. The Co-

dex Boernerianus. IX. The Codex Cyprius.-X. The Codex Basileensis E

XI. The Codex San-Germanensis.XII. The Codex Augiensis. - XIII.

The Codex Harleianus, 5598.-XIV. The Codex Regius or Stephani 7.

XV. The Codex Uffenbachianus. - XVI. The Codices Manners Suttoniani.

XVII. The Codices Mosquenses. - XVIII. The Codex Brixiensis. - XIX.

Other MSS. written in small characters and deserving of especial notice, viz.

1. The Codex Basileensis, 1.-2. The Codex Corsendoncensis.-3. The Co-

dex Montfortianus. - 4. The Codex Regius, 50.-5. The Codex Leicestrensis.

6. The Codex Vindobonensis.-7. The Codex Ebnerianus. - XX. Notice

of the Collations of the Barberini and Velesian manuscripts.

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CHAPTER III. On the Editions of the Old and New Testament.

SECTION I. A Critical Notice of the principal Editions of the Hebrew

SECTION II. A Critical Notice of the principal Editions of the Greek

CHAPTER IV. On the Divisions and Marks of Distinction occurring

in Manuscripts and Printed Editions of the Scriptures.

SECTION I. On the Divisions and Marks of Distinction occurring in

the Old Testament.

I. Different Appellations given to the Scriptures.—II. General Divisions of the

Canonical Books. - III. Particularly of the Old Testament.-1. The Law. -

2. The Prophets.-3. The Cetubim or Hagiographa. IV. Account of the

Masora. V. Modern Divisions of the Books of the Old Testament. - Chap-

ters and Verses.

SECTION II. On the Divisions and Marks of Distinction occurring in

the New Testament.

I. Antient divisions of Τιτλοι and Κεφάλαια. Ammonian, Eusebian, and Eutha-

lian sections. Modern divisions of chapters.-II. Account of the antient and

modern punctuation of the New Testament. Antient Erixo and modern

verses. III. Of the titles to each book. IV. Subscriptions to the different

CHAPTER V. On the antient Versions of the Scriptures.

SECTION I. Antient Versions of the Old Testament.

1. Of the Targums, or Chaldee Paraphrases.

I. Targum of Onkelos; - II. Of the Pseudo-Jonathan; -III. The Jerusalem

Targum;-IV. The Targum of Jonathan Ben Uzziel;-V. The Targum on

the Hagiographa; - VI. The Targum on the Megilloth; — VII. VIII. IX.

Three Targums on the Book of Esther; - X. Real value of the different Tar-

§2. On the Antient Greek Versions of the Old Testament.

I. History of the Septuagint; - II. Critical Account of its Execution ; — III.

What Manuscripts were used by its Authors; -IV. Account of the Biblical

Labours of Origen;- V. Notice of the Recensions or Editions of Eusebius

and Pamphilus, of Lucian, and of Hesychius; - VI. Peculiar Importance of

the Septuagint Version in the Criticism and Interpretation of the New Testa-

ment; VII. Bibliographical Notice of the principal Printed Editions of the

Septuagint Version;-VIII. Account of other Greek Versions of the Old

Testament; -1. Version of AQUILA ; —2. Of THEODOTION; - 3. Of SYMMA-

CHUS; 4, 5, 6. Anonymous Versions; - IX. References in Antient Manu-

scripts to other Versions.

$3. On the Antient Oriental Versions of the Old Testament.

I. Syriac Versions. — Notice of the Syriac Manuscripts brought from India by

the late Rev. Dr. Buchanan ;- Editions of the Syriac Version; - II. Arabic

Versions, and Editions ; III. Other Oriental Versions; -1. Persian Ver-

sions; -2. Egyptian Versions.-3. Ethiopic or Abyssinian Version. - 4. Ar-

menian Version. - 5. Sclavonic or Old Russian Version.
187

4. On the Antient Latin Versions of the Scriptures.

I. Of the Old Italic, or Ante-Hieronymian Version; - II. Account of the Biblical

Labours and Latin Version of Jerome ; - III. Of the Vulgate Version, and its

Editions; IV. Critical value of the Latin Vulgate Version.

SECTION II. On the Antient Versions of the New Testament.

I. ORIENTAL VERSIONS.-1. Peschito or Antient Syriac Version.-2. The Phi-

loxenian Syriac Version.-3. The Syriac translation of Jerusalem.-4. Egyp-

tian Versions.-5. Arabic Versions. - 6. Ethiopic Version.-7. Armenian

Version.-8. Persian Version. - II. WESTERN TRANSLATIONS.-1. The Go-

thic Version.-2. The Sclavonic Version. - 3. The Anglo-Saxon Version. 202

SECTION III. On the Use and Application of Antient Versions.

Observations on the respective merits of the several antient versions:- rules

for consulting them to the best advantage.
212

CHAPTER VI. On the Modern Versions of the Scriptures.

SECTION I. General Observations on the Circulation of the Scriptures.

I. Scarcity and high prices of the Scriptures. -II. Rude attempts to convey an

idea of their contents to the poor and illiterate. - Account of the BIBLIA PAU-

PERUM. — III. Number and classification of the translations of the Bible into

modern languages.

SECTION II. On the modern Latin Versions of the Old and New Testa-

I. Modern Latin Versions of the entire Bible, executed by persons in communion

with the church of Rome. - 1. Of Pagninus. - 2. Of Montanus. - 3. Of Mal-

venda and Cardinal Cajetan. -4. Of Houbigant. - II. Modern Latin Versions

of the whole Bible executed by Protestants. - 1. Of Munster. 2. Of Leo

Juda. - 3. Of Castalio. - 4. Of Junius and Tremellius. - 5. Of Schmidt.-

6. Of Dathe.-7. Of Schott and Winzer. - III. Modern revisions and cor-

rections of the Vulgate Latin Version, by Catholics and Protestants.- IV.

Modern Latin Versions of the New Testament.-1. Of Erasmus. - 2. Of Beza.

-3. Of Sebastiani. - Other modern Latin Versions of less note.
221

SECTION III. Versions in the modern Languages of Europe.

I. GERMAN VERSION of Luther. Notice of ten versions derived from it. No-

tice of other German Versions by Protestants, and by Roman Catholics.-

Jewish German Versions. II. VERSIONS IN THE LANGUAGES SPOKEN IN THE

BRITISH ISLES.1. English Versions, particularly Wickliffe's Bible. - Tin-

dal's Bible.. - Coverdale's Bible.. Matthewe's Bible. Cranmer's or the

Great Bible. Geneva Bible. English Versions by Roman Catholics at

Rheims and Douay.- King James's Bible, or the authorised version now in

use. History of it. - Notice of its best editions. Its excellency vindicated

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against recent objectors. Testimonies of eminent critics to its fidelity and

excellency. 2. Welsh Version.-3. Irish Version.-4. Gaelic Version.-5.

Manks Version.-III. FRENCH VERSIONS. ĮV. DUTCH VERSION.-V. ITA-

LIAN VERSION. VI. SPANISH VERSIONS. VII. RUSSIAN VERSION. - VIII.

CROAT VERSION.-IX. BASQUE VERSION.-X. HUNGARIAN VERSION.-XI. Po-

LISH VERSIONS. XII. BOHEMIAN VERSION. - XIII. ROMAIC or modern GREEK

VERSIONS. - XIV. XV. BULGARIAN and WALLACHIAN VERSIONS. XVI. Ro-

MANESE VERSIONS. XVII. TURKISH VERSIONS. XVIII. PORTUGUESE VER-

SION. – XIX. ALBANIAN VERSION.-XX. MALtese Version.

SECTION IV. Modern Versions in the Languages of Asia.

I. Hebrew. II. Chaldee.-III. Versions in the Oriental Languages, either

translated by the Baptist Missionaries at Serampore, or printed at the Mission

Press. 1. ARABIC, and the languages derived from or bearing affinity to it.

- 2. SANSCRIT, and the languages derived from or bearing affinity to it.-3.

CHINESE, and the languages derived from or bearing affinity to it. IV. Other

Asiatic Versions.-I. Formosan.-2. Tartar.-3. Georgian. - 4. Tahi-

SECTION V. Modern Versions in the Languages of Africa and America.

I. AFRICAN VERSIONS.-1. Amharic and Tigré. 2. Bullom.-3. Susoo. - II.

NORTH AMERICAN VERSIONS.-1. Virginian. 2. Delaware. 3. Indian Mas-

sachusetts. 4. Mohawk.-5. Mohegan..

ish. 8. Creolese. III. SOUTH AMERICAN VERSIONS.

CHAPTER VII. On the Critical Use of the Jewish and Rabbinical

Writings, and the Works of profane Authors.

I. The Apocryphal books of the Old Testament. II. The Talmud. - 1. The

Misna.-2. The Gemara. Jerusalem and Babylonish Talmuds. - 3. The

Writings of Philo-Judæus and Josephus. Account of them. The genuine-

ness of Josephus's testimony to the character of Jesus Christ proved. - IV.

On the use of the writings of profane authors for the elucidation of the Scrip-

CHAPTER VIII. On the Various Readings occurring in the Old and

New Testaments.

I. The Christian faith not affected by Various Readings. II. Nature of Vari-

ous Readings. Difference between them and mere errata. - III. Causes of

Various Readings:-1. The negligence or mistakes of transcribers ;- - 2.

Errors or imperfections in the manuscript copied; -3. Critical conjecture;

-4. Wilful corruptions of a manuscript from party motives. IV. Sources

whence a true reading is to be determined: 1. Manuscripts; -2. Antient

Editions;-3. Antient Versions; -4. Parallel Passages;-5. Quotations in

the Writings of the Fathers; - 6. Critical Conjecture.-V. General rules for

judging of various readings. VI. Notice of Writers who have treated on

various readings.

CHAPTER IX. Of the Quotations from the Old Testament in the

New.- Quotations in the New Testament from the Apocryphal

Writers and from profane Authors.

SECTION I. On the External Form of the Quotations from the Old

Testament in the New.

QUOTATIONS FROM THE HEBREW SCRIPTURES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. — I.

Quotations exactly agreeing with the Hebrew. II. Quotations nearly agree-

ing with the Hebrew. III. Quotations agreeing with the Hebrew in sense,

but not in words. IV. Quotations that give the general sense, but abridge or

add to it.-V. Quotations taken from several passages of Scripture. — VI.

Quotations differing from the Hebrew, but agreeing with the Septuagint. -

VII. Quotations in which there is reason to suspect a different reading in the

Hebrew. VIII. Passages in which the Hebrew seems to be corrupted. - IX.

Passages which are mere references or allusions.

SECTION II. On the Quotations from the Septuagint Version in the

Greek Testament.

1. Quotations agreeing verbatim with the Septuagint, or only changing the per-

son, number, &c. II. Quotations taken from the Septuagint, but with some

variation. III. Quotations agreeing with the Septuagint in sense, but not in

words. IV. Quotations differing from the Septuagint, but agreeing exactly

or nearly with the Hebrew.-V. Quotations that differ from both the Septua-

gint and the Hebrew. VI. Considerations on the probable causes of the

seeming discrepancies in the quotations from the Old Testament in the

SECTION III. On the Internal Form of Quotations, or the Mode in which

Citations from the Old Testament are applied in the New.

General observations on the Rabbinical and other modes of quoting the Old Tes-

tament. Classification of the Quotations in the New Testament; - I. Quo-

tations from the Old Testament in the New, in which the predictions are lite-

rally accomplished; - II. Quotations, in which that is said to have been done,

of which the Scriptures have not spoken in a literal, but in a spiritual sense;

-III. Quotations that are accommodated by the sacred writers to particular

events or facts; -IV. Quotations and other Passages from the Old Testament

which are alluded to in the New.
433

SECTION IV. Of Apocryphal Passages, supposed to be quoted in the

New Testament Quotations from profane Authors.

CHAPTER X. On the Poetry of the Hebrews.

I. A large portion of the Old Testament proved to be poetical; - Cultivation of

poetry by the Hebrews. — II. The sententious parallelism, the grand character-

istic of Hebrew Poetry. Its origin and varieties. — 1. Parallel lines grada-

tional; -2. Parallel lines antithetic; -3. Parallel lines constructive; - 4.

Parallel lines introverted. III. The poetical dialect not confined to the Old

Testament. Reasons for expecting to find it in the New Testament. - Proofs

of the existence of the poetical dialect there; -1. From simple and direct

quotations of single passages from the poetical parts of the Old Testament;

2. From quotations of different passages, combined into one connected whole;

-3. And from quotations mingled with original matter.-IV. Original pa

rallelisms occurring in the New Testament: 1. Parallel Couplets;-2. Pa-

rallel Triplets;-3. Quatrains; -4, 5. Stanzas of five and six lines; -6.

Stanzas of more than six parallel lines.-V. Other examples of the poetical

parallelism in the New Testament; -1. Parallel lines gradational; -2. The

Epanodos. VI. Different kinds of Hebrew Poetry.-I. Prophetic poetry;-

2. Elegiac poetry; -3. Didactic poetry; 4. Lyric poetry;-5. The Idyl;

6. Dramatic poetry;-7. Acrostic or alphabetical poetry. VII. General

observations for better understanding the compositions of the sacred poets. 446

CHAPTER XI. On Harmonies of Scripture.

I. Occasion and design of Harmonies of the Scriptures.-II. Works reconciling

alleged or seeming contradictions in the Sacred Writings. III. Harmonies

of the Old Testament. — IV. Harmonies of the Four Gospels.-V. 1. Har-

monies of particular parts of the Gospels. 2. Harmonies of the Acts of the

Apostles and of the Apostolical Epistles. - VI. Observations on the different

schemes of harmonisers, and on the duration of the public ministry of Jesus

ON THE INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE.

CHAPTER I. On the Sense of Scripture.

I. Of the Literal Sense. II. Allegorical Sense. III. Typical or Spiritual

Sense. IV. Parabolic Sense. V. Examination and vindication of the Spi-

ritual Sense. VI. General rules for investigating the Sense of Scrip-

CHAPTER II. On the Signification of Words and Phrases.

I. General rules for investigating the meaning of words. II. On emphatic

words. III. Rules for the investigation of emphases.

CHAPTER III. On the subsidiary Means for ascertaining the Sense of

SECTION I. On the Cognate Languages.

SECTION II. On the Analogy of Scripture, or Parallel Passages.

I. Nature of Parallel Passages. II. Verbal Parallelisms. III. Real Parallel-

isms. IV. Parallelisms of members, or poetical parallelisms. - V. Rules for

investigating parallel passages. - Helps for the investigation of parallel pas-

SECTION III. Scholiasts and Glossographers.

I. Nature of Scholia. - II. And of Glossaries.-III. Rules for consulting them

to advantage in the interpretation of the Scriptures.

SECTION IV. Of the Subject Matter.

SECTION V. Of the Context.

I. The Context defined and illustrated. II. Rules for investigating the Con-

SECTION VI. On Historical Circumstances.

Historical Circumstances defined. - I. Order. II. Title. - III. Author.- IV.

Date of the several books of Scripture. V. The Place where written. - VI.

Chronology. VII. Occasion on which they were written. VIII. Scope or

design. IX. Analysis of each book.-X. Biblical Antiquities, including 1.

The political, ecclesiastical, and civil state; -2. Sacred and profane History;

-3. Geography; -4. Genealogies; - 5. Natural History;- and 6. Philo-

sophical sects and learning of the Jews and other nations mentioned in the

SECTION VII. Of the Scope.

I. The Scope defined. - Importance of investigating the scope of a book or pas-

sage of Scripture. - II. Rules for investigating it.

I. The Analogy of faith defined and illustrated. II. Its importance in studying

the Sacred Writings. III. Rules for investigating the analogy of faith. 557

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