293

Cozy (Vitis labrusca) (J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, N. C.).-Cluster of medium size, simple, very compact; berry slightly elongated, of medium size, adhering very firmly; surface smooth, black, with light blue bloom; skin thin, leathery, free from pulp, but with deep red pigment; seeds few, large; flesh translucent, tender, firm, rather dry; mildly sweet with mild labrusca aroma; good for dessert and for market. Season apparently a week earlier than Ives. Its value for general planting is lessened by the fact that its blossoms are pistillate, but its earliness renders it worthy of testing.

Critic (Plate VII-J. S. Breece, Fayetteville, N. C.).-Cluster medium, slightly shouldered, compact; berries round, of medium size, commonly larger than Delaware but quite variable; color light, dull red with quite heavy bloom; skin of medium thickness, rather tender, not objectionable in flavor; pulp translucent, tender, with abundant rich juice; seeds few, of medium size, light brown; flavor mild, sweet, less sprightly than Delaware, slightly foxy; quality good. Season carlier than Brighton. Vine reported to be vigorous and less affected by mildew than most varieties. A seedling of Jefferson, promising for market and dessert, as a substitute for Delaware where that variety does not succeed. Mentioned in report of last year.

Palmetto (Vitis bourquiniana) (David Johnson, Union, S. C.).-Resembles Herbemont very closely in form and size of cluster, also in size of berry, but is claimed to be distinct. In color this is a a dark garnet with heavy, light blue bloom; flesh soft, juicy, sweet, aromatic, vinous. Season middle of September in Union County, S. C.; two weeks later than Herbemont.

Waddel (Vitis æstivalis) (Dr. Edwin Waddel, Greenfield, Ohio).-Cluster of medium size, rather heavily shouldered, moderately compact, moderately full; berry oval, medium to large, adhering firmly; surface smooth, dark purple or black, with profuse blue bloom; glossy beneath the bloom; skin thick, tender, with considerable pulpiness and purple pigment; seeds few, large; flesh translucent, tender, melting, very juicy; mildly sweet, rich, pleasant, with abundant bouquet and slight musky aroma; good to very good for dessert, market and wine. Season September 20-30 in Highland County, Ohio. Vine productive and hardy; found in the woods of Highland County, Ohio, about 30 years ago, by John F. Waddel and transplanted to his farm.

Seedling formerly known as McKinley's Jumbo (Vitis labrusca) (J. S. McKinley, Orient, Ohio).-Cluster medium to large, shouldered, moderately full, not compact; berry very large, nearly an inch in diameter, roundish, slightly elongated, adhering firmly to the stem; surface almost black with a dull, heavy, brown bloom; skin rather thin and noticeably tender, with slight reddish purple pigment; seeds 3 to 5, large, grayish brown; flesh yellowish green, meaty, quite firm, moderately juicy, quite Season middle of October in Pickaway County, Ohio. A sweet, with foxy aroma. very large grape of fair quality. Vine a strong grower with large leaves.

RASPBERRY.

Fern dale (Rubus occidentalis) (W. B. K. Johnson, Allentown, Pa.).--Round oblate, large to very large, quite regular and smooth; crimson black with very heavy bloom; drupes large, flattened, showing suture; seeds of medium size and hardness; berry rather coarse but firm, moderately juicy; sweet, aromatic; very good; shipping quality good. Season slightly earlier than Gregg. Fruit borne in rather long spicate clusters; berries rather loosely attached to the receptacles. Canes reported to be very vigorous, with large, though not numerous, prickles. More productive than Gregg and a better berry, but perhaps less hardy. Promising for Central and Eastern States. From three-quarters of an acre of this variety Mr. Johnson harvested in 1892, 4,368 quarts. In 1893 the crop was about 1,000 quarts less, from the same area.

SEMITROPICAL FRUITS.

КАКІ.

Godbey (T. K. Godbey, Waldo, Fla.)-Very large, some single specimens weighing more than a pound; conical, bright red, almost seedless; quality very good. Season early October in Alachua County, Fla. A seedling of Hyakume, originated by Mr. Godbey, who says of it: "Tree a rank grower, of spreading habit; very prolific."

ORANGE.

Boone (Plate VIII-C. A. Boone, Orlando, Fla.).-Roundish to roundish oblate, mcdium to large, with very smooth skin; oil cells small, depressed; color rather light Peel medium to thin, tough; tissue thin, tough; seeds few, angular, of medium size; flesh rich orange yellow, sometimes tinged with red, tender; very juicy,

orange.

sprightly, sweet, with a trace of bitterness in the rag. Very early and of good quality; promising as a market variety. Tree a strong, vigorous grower with large leaves and winged petioles. Original tree grown from seed procured in orangea bought from a foreign vessel in Tampa, about 36 years ago. Mentioned in report of Pomologist for 1892.

WILD FRUITS.

PERSIMMON.

This native fruit, Diospyros Virginiana, is so widely distributed over the southern portions of the United States that its very abundance has no doubt fostered that contempt which familiarity breeds. But notwithstanding the low esteem in which it has been held, there are indications that it will soon become a staple fruit and worthy of the attention of the market-grower. A wide variation in the season of ripening, size, and quality of the fruit, and in the vigor and productiveness of the trees has been observed, which makes it a promising species for experimental work. Several enterprising fruit-growers have selected choice wild varieties for propagation and a few have already marketed fruit in considerable quantities. Among the best varieties thus far named and introduced are the Kemper from Tennessee, Early Golden from Illinois (mentioned in report of the Pomologist for 1891 under the incorrect name Alton), and the Marion and Golden Gem described below.

On Plate IX, a and b, illustrations of the two last-named varieties will be found, and also of a seedless wild persimmon (e) from Ohio and an oblong wild form (d) from Montgomery County, Md.

Golden Gem (Plate Ix b -R. L. Martin, Borden, Ind.).-Roundish or slightly oblong, medium to large in size; color dark orange to red; seeds few; flesh soft, very sweet and rich; free from astringency even if picked before fally ripo. Commences to ripen about the last of August and continues till October. This variety was brought to notice by Mr. Logan Martin, of Borden, Ind., who found the original tree on his farm 35 years ago. He has propagated from this. by budding, and now has more than 300 trees, including top-worked wild and young trees growing in the nursery. He reports that the persimmon pays him better than any other fruit. The trees bear annual crops and the fruit finds ready market in Chicago and Indianapolis at $1 to $1.50 per 12 pint case, shipped by express. Some cases have sold as high as $2. Mr. Martin estimates the yield of a well-grown tree at 15 to 25 gallons per annum and the average prico at 75 cents per gallon.

Marion (Plate ix a-Samuel Miller, Bluffton, Mo.).-Roundish oblate, large, dull red, with rather tough skin and few seeds. Quality good, though less rich than some. Season October. Original tree found near Fulton, Mo., on land owned by Mr. J. H. Marion. Tree productive and a vigorous grower, with very large, thick

leaves.

PAPAW.

Not much has yet been done in improving this fruit by selecting desirable types for propagation and cultivation. Some interest has recently been manifested, however, and a few nurseries offer the trees for sale. It is valuable both as an ornamental tree and for its fruit. Specimens of choice varieties of this native fruit, Asimina triloba, have been received from several localities. Mr. D. Snow, of Chicopec, Mass., sent ripe specimens of medium size that were borne by a tree which he grew from seed about 35 years ago. They were of pleasant flavor and good quality, thongh less rich than fruit of the same species received from Ohio and Missouri.

Mr. Snow states that the tree has made a vigorous growth and seems hardy in his location. It commenced flowering when 10 or 12 years old, but did not bear fruit until several years later. Since then it has borne good crops. The fact that Ch copee is a considerable distance north of the range of natural distribution of this species gives this tree special interest to the fruit grower.

Mr. Henry W. Hope, of Paint, Ohio, sent specimens of the papaw that were large and of very excellent quality and have the merit of ripening early. Mr. Hope reports a tree of this species in his neighborhood the trunk of which is 40 inches in circumference at 1 foot from the ground.

NUTS.

ALMOND.

Jordan (Charles Heath, ex-consul at Catania, Sicily).-Large, smooth, with thick, hard shell and a single, long, plump kernel of fine quality. Almonds of this variety are imported only as kernels and come to the United States principally from Malaga,