to the province of the consistorium. In such cases, it is through the "Governmental Deputation", that matters of business, are brought before the former body. With respect to many subjects, however, the Deputation is competent to give a final decision. To it belongs 1, The exercise of the King's patronage, that is, the appointment of all the pastors and teachers, to places within the gift of the King. Its nominations, however, require the confirmation of the consistorium. 2, It confirms the nominations of pastors and teachers, made by private patrons. Should any private patron twice nominate an unfit subject, for any place, the right of appointment devolves on the "Deputation". 3, It examines and installs the clergy, when commissioned so to do by the consistorium. 4, It has the oversight of the conduct of the clergy; it receives, therefore, the reports of the superintendents; and from it, pastors must seek permission of absence from their charges. 5, It maintains the discipline and order of the church. 6, It has the direction and oversight, generally, of the churches, of public, private, and elementary schools, and charitable institutions. 7, It has the charge and administration of all church and school property. 6, It has the oversight of all literary institutions and societies, with the exception of the universities and academies. IV. The Superintendents.

The superintendents, as mentioned above, are appointed immediately by the King, on the nomination of the consistorium.

They are the organs of the consistorium and "Governmental Deputation," to them, therefore, all the ordinances of these bodies are directed, and by them communicated to the clergy and teachers of their diocese (or Ephorie). They have further, the oversight of the doctrines, and conduct of the pastors and teachers, within their limits, and are required from time to time, to visit the churches and schools; to examine into their condition, the state of their funds, build

ings and other property, and into the official conduct of the clergymen and teachers; to make a full report to the "Governmental Deputation". They can, however, do nothing on their own authority, they are merely inspectors, or in particular cases, the agents of the bodies already mentioned. In case of the absence of a pastor, from his charge it devolves on them to supply his pulpit; and their permission must be obtained for every absence for more than three days. Should a pastor wish to leave his pulpit, for more than a fortnight, the "Deputation" must be apprized, through the superintendent, of the fact.

Most of the details, on this subject, are given on the authority of DR. G. A. BIELITZ'S Handbuch des Preussischen Kirchenrechts

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

It is not our intention to give under this head, a regular quarterly list of all new theological works, but to mention such as we think will be most interesting to our readers. In the present number, several works are noticed, which, although not very recently published, have not been long known in this country. As the sole object of this department of our work, is to give literary information, we do not propose to confine ourselves to such works as may come under our personal inspection; but also to state the character and contents of such as are important, on the authority of foreign Journals. Such notices, however, are not intended to be translations, they may state in few words the leading facts contained in a long review.

CRITICISM AND INTERPRETATION.

Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine exhibens textum graecum ad exemplar Complutense expressum, cum vulgata interpretatione latina editionis Clementis VIII. ed. et loca parallela uberiora selectamque lectionis varietatem subministravit PETR. AL. GRATZ, Theol. D. ac Prof. Edit. nova. Tom. I. (quatuor Ev. complectens.) pp. 475. 8vo. Tom. II. (act. ap. epistt. et. apoc. compl.) pp. 570. 8vo. Kuperberg. Mainz. 1827.

In 1821, an edition of the New Testament was issued by Fues of Tübingen, (edited by Dr. Gratz,) exhibiting the Greek text of the Complutensian Polyglott, the variations

in the text of Stephens (1550) Matthäi, and Griesbachand the Clementine Vulgate version opposite to the Greek. Of this impression we have here a new edition, on a plan somewhat altered and improved. The Complutensian text, which is still retained, has been so diligently compared and revised, that this impression may be looked upon as faultless. The punctuation of the Greek text has also received much attention from the Editor, who expresses, in his Preface, a deep sense of its importance. Some of his changes in the punctuation suggest new modes of interpretation of these the most important are Rom. xi. 8, where the parenthesis is removed, and Luke, vi. 9, where a note of interrogation is inserted after rí. The principal alteration of the original plan consists in this-that, instead of the variations in the text contained in the three former editions, we have now at the foot of every page, 1. a collection of parallel passages, 2. the most important various readings, with an indication of their value. The latter is for the most part denoted by signs, though in some cases, the origin of the spurious reading is briefly pointed out. In his critical decisions, the editor generally coincides with Griesbach. Here and there, however, he adopts the suggestions of Matthäi, particularly in relation to the text of the Apocalypse.

Besides the peculiar interest and importance which this work must possess for the Catholic theologian, it is interesting to critics of all persuasions, as presenting a direct and easy access to the Complutensian text of the New Testament. The execution of the work is good-the paper white and strong-the impression clear and beautiful. To this last commendation, however, there is one exception: the spiritus in the Greek type of the notes being scarcely legible.

S

Novum Testamentum graece et latine, expressum að binas editiones a LEONE X. P. x. adprobatas, Complutensem scilicet et Erasmi Roterod. Additae sunt aliarum novissimarum recensionum variantes lectiones graecae, una cum Vulgata latina editionis Clementinae ad exemplar ex typographia Apost. Vatic. Romae, 1592. correctis corrigendis ex indicibus correctoriis ibidem editis, nec non cum additis lectt. ex Vaticanis editionibus latinis de annis 1590, 1592, 1593, 1598, variantibus, adpositisque locis parallelis. Studio et curâ LEANDRI VAN ESS S. Th. Doctoris. pp. 755, 8vo. Fues. Tübingen.

1827.

This work appeared about the same time with the one just noticed, and under the name of the same publisher who issued Dr. Gratz's first edition, (Fues of Tübingen,) of which indeed it is a mere modification. Dr. Van Ess assumes as the basis of his text, 1, the fifth edition of Erasmus; 2, the Greek text of the Complutensian Polyglott. When these two differ, Griesbach decides between them: when all three differ, Griesbach is preferred. Besides the various readings of these three, we have also those which occur in the other editions of Erasmus, in Stephens' edition of 1546, and in the two editions of Matthäi.

The improvements on the Greek text of Erasmus, presented in this work, can scarcely be considered as of much importance, because they are not founded on the principles of sound criticism, but on a mere revision and comparison of the Complutensian text. This circumstance is no doubt owing to the fact, that the edition was designed exclusively for Catholics. It is to be feared, however, that it will not give satisfaction to Catholics themselves; 1, because it was not the fifth, but the first edition of Erasmus which Leo X. sanctioned; 2, because the present editor allows a Protestant to sit in judgment upon two impressions of the Greek text, both sanctioned by pontifical authority.