If an Orator, either before the Senate, or People, hath not pertinent ly and diftinctly handled the Thing propounded, or hath defcanted twice on the fame Subject, hath been piquantly cenforious, and hath as busively animadverted upon any one's Behaviour, hath spoken of other Things befides those propounded by the Proedri, or hath encouraged any one fo to do, or if he hath abus'd the Epiftata after the Rifing of the Affembly, or Senate; fuch an one's Infolence fhall be punish'd by the Proedri with a Mulet of fifty Drachms, the weglopes fhall have Intelligence of his Mifdemeanors, and if his Penalty fhall feem too light for his Crimes, befides his Fine, let him be hal'd to the next Convention of the Senate, or Affembly, where, if condemn'd by private Votes, the Proedri fhall exact a Fine from him, to be paid to the gάnloges for his waegvoula, or Breach of the Laws (f). T Laws treating of Duties and Offices. HE Archons fhall appoint in the Affembly,by Lots,a certain Num ber of Flute-players, to be at the opo, or publick Dancings (g). No Stranger fhall join in a Dance with a Chorus; if he do, the Choragus fhall be fin'd a thousand Drachms (h). Let it be lawful to inform against a Stranger to the Archon, before his Entrance into the Theatre to dance (i). AStranger,if indicted by a Xognyòsfor dancing before the Archon, shall be fin'd 50 Drachms; and a thousand, if he perfift after Prohibition (k). Thofe Dancers, who are (a Tiμ) infamous, are to be drove off the Stage (1). Sixteen Men are to be chofen out of all the publick Companies, to contribute equally towards the building a Man of War, which Service they are to engage in from twenty-five Years to forty (m). The Qualifications for a Trierarch is, that he be worth ten Talents, according to which Estimation he is to be chofen: But if his Eftate is rated more, let him build Ships equivalent, yet at most but three, with a Skiff; they, who are not worth fo much, fhall be join'd toge ther, so many of them, till their Estates make up the Sum (»). The Trierarchs, and Overseers of the Navy, shall be commiffion'd to register their Names, who, being of the fame Zuppoeia, are indebted to the Commonwealth for Ship-rigging, for which they fhall fue them (o). See Book I. Chap. xv. and in the following. He, that owes Rigging, fhall either give it, or give Security (p). All Trierarchs elect fhall betake themselves to the Ships they are conftituted over (q). All Trierarchs are to render an Account of their Administration (r). There fhall be a yearly Appointment for the Exchange of Offices, where he, that shall be defign'd a Aeloupyos, fhall be exempted from ferving, if he can produce any vacant Perfon richer than himself, and anus. (f) Æschines in Timarchum. (g) Demofthenes in Midian. (b) Ibidem ibique Ulpi(i) Ibidem. (k) Ibid. (/) Ibid. (m) Demofthenes in Corona. (#) Ibid. (0) Ibidem in Euergum & Mnefibulum. (p) Ibidem. (9) Idem pro Polycle, (r) Æf◄ chines in Ctesiphontem, if the Perfon produc'd confefs he is more wealthy than the other, he fhall be put into the other's Place among the three hundred; but if he denies it, let them change Eftates. (S) See as before, and in the following. His House shall be feal'd up,who fhall offer himself in the Exchange. They who do quit their own Estates for those of their Neighbours, fhall be oblig'd by Oath to discover them in this Form. I'll fairly and honeftly make known the Eftimate of all my Poffef fions, except fuch as confift in thofe Silver Mines, which the Laws exact no Duties from. Three Days shall be allow'd for those, who are to make Exchange of their Eftates, to produce them. No one fhall be compell'd to exhibit his Estate, which lies in Mines. N Laws about the Refufal of Offices. O Man fhall be oblig'd to two Offices at the fame Time (t). No Man, except the Archons, fhall be excus'd from the Trierarchhip (u): See Book I. Chap. xiv. No one fhall be exempted from contributing to the Affeffment for the levying of Soldiers (w). Laws concerning Honours to be conferr'd on those, who have deferv'd well of the Commonwealth. N O Person shall be entertain'd in the Prytaneum oftener than once (x). See Book I. Chap. xxv. He, who fhall be invited, and refuse to come, fhall be fin'd (y). They, who are entertain'd in the Prytaneum, fhall have Maza, and, on Festivals, Bread. (z) See as before, and in the following Laws. All Crowns, if prefented by the People, fhall be given in the popular Affembly; if by the Senators, in the Senate, and in no other Place fhall they prefent (a). None, except the whole Body of the Senate, and popular Affembly, with particular Tribes, or Boroughs, fhall be privileg'd to confer Crowns. No Tribe, or Borough, may prefume on the Authority of bestowing Crowns in the Theatre, upon any of their own Members; if they do, the Crier that proclaims them fhall be (arip) infamous. No Citizen fhall have a (eixos separ) hofpital Crown given him in the Theatre, without the People's Confent; when given, it shall be confecrated to Minerva. Every one, who is honour'd with an hospital Crown, shall bring Certificates of a regular and fober Life. (Demofthen, in Leptin. & in Phænip. & in fequentibus. (t) Demofthen. pro Polycle (a) Idem in Leptin. (w) Ibidem ibique Ulpianus. (x) Plutarchus Solone." (y) Ibid, (*) Athenæus, lib, IV,′ (a) Conf, Æschinem in Crefiphantem, & in fequent, No ノ No one of the wealthy Citizens, except he be of the Kindred of Harmodius and Ariftogiton, or an Archon, fhall claim Immunity from ferving in publick Offices; from this Time hereafter the People fhall gratify no one with fuch an Exemption; but he, who fupplicates for it, fhall be (TI) infamous, together with all his Houfe and Family, and fhall be liable to the Action of Tgaon and Erdegis, by which, if convicted, he fhall fuffer the fame Fate with thofe, who, tho' indebted to the Publick, officiate as Judges *. This Law was enacted by Leptines in the first Year of the CVIth Olympiad, and abrogated in the Year following at the Inftance of Demofthenes. Honours conferr'd by, the People shall stand good; but with this Provifo, that if the Persons so dignified prove, after Examination, to be unworthy of them, they fhall be void †. N Laws relating to the Gymnafia. O School fhall be open'd before Sun-rifing, or kept open after Sun-fet. None, except the School-mafter's Sons, and Nephews, and Daughter's Hufbands, fhall be permitted Entrance into School, if beyond the customary Age for fending Youth thither, whilft the Lads are in it; to the Breach of this Law, the Penalty of Death is annex'd. No.School-master shall give any adult Perfon Leave to go to Mercury's Festival; if he tranfgrefs herein, and do not thrust him out of the School, the Mafter fhall fuffer according to the Law enacted against the Corrupters of free-born Children. Let all Choragi, elected by the People, be above forty years of Age(b). All thefe Laws were defign'd as a Guard to the Boys Chastity. See Book II. Chap. xx. in Eguara. No Slave fhall prefume to anoint, or perform Exercises in the Pala ftra (c). See Book I. Chap. x. N Laws relating to Physicians and Philosophers: O Slave, or Woman, fhall study, or practise Phyfick(d). See concerning this and the next Law, Book IV. Chap. xiv. All free-born Women have Liberty to learn and practise Phyfick. Let no one teach Philofophy(e).This Law was made when the thirty Ty rants had the Dominion of Athens, and abrogated upon their Expulfion. No one is to keep a Philofophy School, unless by the Senate and People's Approbation; he that doth otherwife fhall be put to Death (f). This was. enacted by Sophocles the Son of Amphiclides the Sunian, about the third Year of the CXVIIIth Olympiad,but in a fhortTime abrogated, and a Fine of five Talents was impos'd upon Sophocles, at the Inftance of Philo. * Demofthenes in Leptin. † Ibid. & iftius Orat. Argumentum. (b) Æschines in Timarchum. (c) Ibidem. (d) Hyginus Fab. CCLXXIV, (e) Xenophon, Awójvnje. lib. I. (ƒ) Diogenes Laertius Theophrafto. Laws A Laws concerning Judges. FTER a Magiftrate's Determination, Appeal may be made to the Courts of Juftice(a). One of Solon's Laws. See Book I. Chap.xx. They, who are degraded from the Senate, may fit as Judges in the Courts. Another of Solon's Laws. See as before. All the Athenians fhall be capable of being appointed by Lots to judge in the feveral Courts of Juftice (b). Another of Solon's Laws. See as before. The Proteftation of the Heliaftæ I omit, as before treated of. Book I. Chap. xxi. L Of Laws relating to Law-Suits. ET the Bailiff, or Perfon that arrefts, be registered (c). Se Whofoever doth not appear, on the Day appointed for the Trial of his Caufe, fhall fuffer for his Remifness by an Action call'd Ainn phμn, and be fin'd a thousand Drachms; but if a juft Excufe be brought for his ftaying away, his Punishments fhall be redress'd by another Action call'd Moa, or the annulling of the former (d). See Book I. Chap. xxi. ལ Laws refpecting Preparatories to Judgments. HE Archons fhall propose Queftions to both Parties, to which The Plaintiff fhall promise upon Oath, that he will profecute the Action, if he has his Evidences and all Things in Order; but if not, he shall demand Time for providing and preparing them (f). The Archons shall summon the contefting Parties to make their Appearance, and introduce them into the Court (g). Let the Judges be elected by Lots (b). No Judge hall give Sentence the fame Day in two different Courts (¿). I A Form of the Oath taken by Judges after Election. 'LL fhew Equity in all Caufes, and my Judgment fhall be agreeable to the Laws, in thofe Things which are determined by them; in the reft my Sentence fhall, as near as may be, agree with Justice (k). (a) Plutarchus Solone. (b) Demofthenis Orat. I. in Ariftogit. Ariftophanis Scholiaftes in Plutum. (c) Demofthenes in Midiam. (d) Ibidem. (e) Ifæus de hæred. Pbiloftemonis. (f) Demofthenes in Midiam. (g) Demofthenes in Olympiodorum. (b) Idem Orat. I. in Ariftogit, (i) Demofthenes & Ulpianus in Timecrates, (k) Pollux, lib. VIII, cap. 10. M Laws Laws referring to Judgments. VERY Judge fhall put down the Heads of those Suits, he is to E determine, in his Table Book (1). See as before, and in the fob owing Lars. His Caufe fhall be overthrown, who runs away for Fear (m). The Crier fhall pronounce Verdict against the Party, into whofe Urn the greater Number of Pebbles bor'd with Holes are caft; and on his Side, to whom the whole ones belong (†). When, on both Sides, there fhall be an equal. Share of Votes, the Prifoner fhall be acquitted (g). Let there be a Number of Urns, or Vote-boxes, equal to the Number of those, who hold the Contest (»). The Judges fhall propofe fuch and fuch Penalties, the Defendant also fhall offer to their Confideration fuch a Punishment, as himself fhall think reafonable; after which, the whole Matter fhall be committed to the Judges Determination(). The Court fhall not fit after Sun-fet (t). If any one hath brib'd the Heliaan Court, or any other Court of Judicature among the Athenians, or hath call'd a Senate, or enter'd into Confpiracy, in order to overturn the popular Government; if any Lawyer hath been greas'd in the Fift to carry on any publick or private Caufe, he fhall be liable to be indicted before the The motheta by the Action call'd Tpagń (u). All private Bargains, that are ftruck up between Parties before Witneffes, fhall ftand good in Law (w). Don't make any Covenant or Bargain contrary to the Laws (x). There fhall be no After-wranglings raifed concerning these. Things, which have been once agreed (y). Any Man fhall be permitted to non-fuit his Adversary, if the Action laid against him be not enter'd (x). They, who receive Damages, may profecute within five Years (a). There may be Actions enter'd about Contracts made out of Attica, or Wares exported out of it to any other Place (b). P Laws concerning Arbitrators. EOPLE, that have any Law-fuit about private Matters, may choose any Arbitrator, but fo, as to ftand to his definitive Sentence, whatsoever it is (c). (1) Hefychius v. Aid TaνTòs XρITÚS. (m) Demofth. in Olympiodorum. (n) Plato Sacratis Apologia. (0) Terentius Phorm. A&t. I. Sc. II. (p) Æfcbines in Timarchum. (q) Euripidis Elettra v. 1265. (r) Demofthenes in Macart, (f) Ulpianus in Tinto crat. Cicero lib. I. de Oratore. (1) Stobaus Ser. I. (u) Demofibenes Órat I. in Steph. de falf. Teft. (z) Idem in Phanip, (x) Ariftoteles Rhet. lib. I. cap. 25. (y) Demof thenes in Pantanetum. (z) Demoflbenes Orat. I. in Stephanum de falf. Teft. (a) Idem pro Phormione. (b) Ibidem. (c) Demofthenes Midiana, Such |