80 Sir To. And cross-gartered? Mar. Most villainously; like a pedant that keeps a school i' the church. I have dogged him like his murderer. He does obey every point of the letter that I dropped to betray him: he does smile his face into more lines than is in the new map with the augmentation of the Indies. You have not seen such a thing as 'tis; I can hardly forbear hurling things at him. I know my lady will strike him: if she do, he'll smile 85 and take 't for a great favour. Sir To. Come, bring us, bring us where he is. SCENE III-A Street. Enter SEBASTIAN and ANTONIO. [Exeunt. Seb. I would not by my will have troubled you; 81. is] Ff, Rowe, Camb., etc.; are Steevens and others. Scene III. I. Antonio] Capell, etc.; Anthonio F, Ff, Rowe, etc. thou art only marked, For the hot 77. pedant] schoolmaster, pedagogue, as always in Shakespeare. Cotgrave gives "Pedagogue: m. A Schoolemaster, Instructor, Teacher, Tutor, Pedant"; also, "Pedant: m. A Pedant, or ordinarie Schoolemaster." (Formed probably by a confusion of waideve and pes.) 78. school the church] Cf. Evelyn, Kalendarium (under 1624), "I was not initiated into any rudiments till I was four years of age, and then one Frier taught us at the church porch of Wotton"; and from other sources we learn that in Shakespeare's time it was often the custom for schools to be kept in a church, especially in the room over the porch. 81, 82. the new map . Indies] This is most probably a map designed by Emmerie Mollineaux, and published in the year 1599. Hallam found it "in a very few copies of the first edition of Hakluyt's Voyages"; to these, however, it was an after addition. Its claim to be the map referred to in the text is almost indisputable; it was a new map on a new projection; it had an unusual number of rhumb lines; it showed the whole of the East Indies, also Novaya Zembla, recently discovered by Barentz. (See note on III. ii. 27). For these particulars we are indebted chiefly to a paper by Mr. C. H. Cook (New Sh. Soc. Trans., 1877-79, p. 88, 14th June 1878). Formerly it was thought that the map referred to in the text was one contained in a translation of Linschoten's Voyages, etc., published 1598. 85. strike him] A characteristic of the age. Ant. I could not stay behind you: my desire, Seb. More sharp than filed steel, did spur me forth; Rough and unhospitable: my willing love, My kind Antonio, I can no other answer make but thanks, 15, 16. And thanks 5 ΙΟ 15 uncurrent 7. one] F, me Heath and others. pay] This reading of the text is that of Theobald, Hanmer, Warburton, Johnson, Capell, Delius, Dyce, i., Staunton, Hunter, etc. The F reading of the two lines is And thankes: and euer oft good turnes, Are shuffeld off with such vncurrant pay: but they are omitted altogether in Ff and by Rowe. Other readings are And thanks; and ever good turns Camb. Edd., Globe, Wright, Cholmely, Chambers, Gollancz; And thanks; and ever thanks. How oft good turns Abbott; And thanks, and ever thanks; for oft good turns Wright conj.; And thanks, and ever thanks; though oft good turns Lettsom ap. Dyce; And thanks, and ever thanks; too oft good turns Seymour, Hudson, etc.; And thanks, and ever. Oft good turns Var. '73; And thanks, and ever thanks: often good turns Steevens, etc.; And thanks, and ever thanks: oft good turns Malone; And thanks, and thanks; and very oft good turns White, i., conj. Abbott's "How oft," or Lettsom's though oft," or Wright's "for oft." The reading in the text is that of the Globe edition, and I have not thought it worth while to add to the conjectures of former editors. It might, however, be worth while to notice the inharmonious recurrence of sound in "oft," line 15, and "off," line 16. 15, 16. and ever... uncurrent pay] and too often a kindness done meets with this poor acknowledgment. (Figure from worthless coin; and cf. the proverb "De mauvais payeur, foin ou paille.") 16. shuffled off] Here the metaphor is probably applied much as in Hamlet's famous "shuffled off this mortal coil"; it is used in the sense of "gladly got rid of," "adroitly but basely avoided.' 17. worth] what I am worth, my wealth; cf. Romeo and Juliet, 11, ví. You should find better dealing. What's to do? Shall we go see the reliques of this town? Ant. To-morrow, sir: best first go see your lodging. Ant. I pray you, let us satisfy our eyes With the memorials and the things of fame 20 Would you'd pardon me; I do not without danger walk these streets : Albeit the quality of the time and quarrel 25 30 24. Would you'd pardon me;] Would youl'd pardon me: F, Would you'ld pardon me; some edd., Would you pardon me? Coll. MS. ap. Camb. 26. count his] Duke his Rowe, etc. 28. ta'en] Rowe; tane F, Ff. offence] Capell, etc.; Th offence F, Ff, Rowe, etc. 31. of the] F; of F 3, 4, Rowe, i. 32, "They are but beggars that can count their worth." 17. conscience] my consciousness of debt to you. 17. firm] solid, substantial, valid. 18. What's to do] Many other languages, and our own in earlier stages (and in Lancashire still), employ this active infinitive where we of later date prefer the passive; and see my note on The Tempest, III. ii. 106. 19. reliques] Cf. Troilus and Cressida, V. ii. 159, "reliques of her o'ereaten faith." Hunter says, 66 religious reliques, remains of saints and martyrs, etc."; but the words should at least include "antiquities," monuments"; as in line 23, "memorials and the things of fame"; though "memorials may repeat "reliques." Tennyson (The Princess) uses memorial in the singular-"I stored it full of rich memorial." See also Appendix I. P. 179. 21. to night] from now till night. 24. renown] Seldom as a verb except in the past participle; for this use cf. Henry V. 1. ii. 118. 30. The 28. it... answer'd] I should hardly get off with my life. Here "answer'd is equivalent to 'defended," ""atoned for"; in line 33 it means "requited," compensated.' 29. Belike] i.e. "by likelihood"; probably. 29. great number] Abbott, § 84. 30-32. The offence argument] Their ground of complaint is not so serious as that; although the bitterness with which we fought, and the insults from which we had suffered, would have been our ample justification if we had taken their lives. "Bloody argument,' i.e. partly a cause, partly an excuse, for bloodshed. For this use of the word cf. Hamlet, IV. iv. 54, Rightly to be great Is not to stir without great argu ment. Cf. arguments (grounds) in l. 12 Seb. It might have since been answer'd in repaying I shall pay dear. Ant. It doth not fit me. Do not then walk too open. 35 Hold, sir; here's my purse. 40 In the south suburbs, at the Elephant, Is best to lodge: I will bespeak our diet, Whiles you beguile the time and feed your knowledge With viewing of the town: there shall you have me. Seb. Why I your purse? 41. the time] F, your time Theobald and others. 33-37. It might pay dear] All enmity between us might have been removed subsequently by our restoring the booty we had taken; and as a fact, most of the city did this in the interests of our trade; I was the only one who held out against such dealings with the enemy (or, the act of restitution); and if I am caught off my guard in this place, I shall have to pay dear for the course I then took. The chief difficulty I have found in paraphrasing this passage lies in the apparent inconsistencies of the story; nor is it easy to gain the point of view of the speaker. Hence the alternative, "or, the act of restitution," in the above. Lapsed" is strangely used; it probably means fallen, as into a trap." "Latched" has been suggested, but it would be a poor substitute. As used in Hamlet (111. iv. 107) the word "lapsed" is certainly connected by the poet with the Latin labor (lapsus), and is made to combine the notion of slipping, sliding, etc., with the passing away of time, the losing of time, and so forth; this quite in Shakespeare's manner. So here in Twelfth Night we interpret: (1) "taken unawares, as though I had slipped or fallen"; (2) "caught, because I stayed too long." But, further, Shakespeare connects it with "lap" or "laps," to pounce upon an offender (originally, "to come into the power of"; see New Eng. Dict.). Hence the word also means "be apprehended." Cf. "fallen into the lapsing of the law," Strype, Ann. 39. the Elephant] Cf. "the bells of Saint Bennet" in v. 37. In Julius Casar we sometimes have London rather than Rome; here also we have London rather than "this town" (line 19); and it only remains to add that "the Elephant," or, "The Elephant and Castle," finds mention more than once in contemporary literature as the sign of a London inn. 40. Is best] Some examples of "Elizabethan brevity" have been examined in these notes; this one I shall merely mention; and others that remain, unless they have special interest, must be left to the reader. 40. diet] fare, dinner, food generally; not in the sense of food limited or prescribed, which is now the only meaning of the word. 42. With viewing] Here, however, is a much more important example than the one in our former note (first on line 40); for Furness is of opinion that a "the" before "viewing" is absorbed into the final "th" of "with." I do not think so; the omission of "the" before the verbal noun is common in Shakespeare, and is accounted for by the fact that the construction, though followed by a preposition, yet assumes to itself some traditional functions of the participle. This conflict of function between the flectionless -ing forms explains many such difficulties. Ant. Haply your eye shall light upon some toy Seb. I'll be your purse-bearer, and leave you for an hour. Ant. To the Elephant. 45 Seb. I do remember. [Exeunt. 50 SCENE IV.-Olivia's Garden. Enter OLIVIA and MARIA. Oli. I have sent after him: he says he'll come; How shall I feast him? what bestow of him? For youth is bought more oft than begg'd or borrow'd. Where is Malvolio? he is sad, and civil, And suits well for a servant with my fortunes: 5 1. he says he'll he sayes hee'l F, say, he will Theobald, say he will Hanmer. 2. of him?] F, on him Pope, etc. . 4, 5. I speak civil] as one line F, etc.; Where's F, Ff, Rowe, etc. rowed of." He thinks that in one of the transcripts this "of" was so written as to appear to belong to the line preceding, and that "him" was subsequently added to complete the sense. 3. borrow'd] See former note for a possible explanation of this use. 5. sad] in earlier sense; grave, serious, solemn. A.-S. saed (Cog. Lat. satis). Cf. 11. 20 and 21, below. 5. civil variously used; cf. civil citizens" in Henry V. (1. ii. 199), or "civil night" in Romeo and Juliet (111. ii. 10). Here the word does not mean "well-mannered," but "staid," "sedate," "sober," "demure"; in fact, as a second epithet in Shakespeare often repeats a former one, so here "civil" partly recalls "sad,” and suggests the grave demeanour that "suits with" Olivia's "fortunes," and is such a perfect contrast to Malvolio's after affectation of smiling, etc. (II. iii. 125). 6. suits... fortunes] a servant of his sombre temperament exactly suits my love-lorn condition. |