Systems, and on that of the Skin on the Lungs. Some remarks follow, on the subject of Assimilation, on the formation of Blood, and on Nutrition; after which the author proceeds to the consideration of the predisposing and proximate causes of Phthisis Pulmonalis: topics which he treats more at length in a subsequent part. He is convinced that the disease is of a contagious nature, though it exerts less of this influence in a cold or mild than in a warm climate; where he states that the power of being propagated by contagion is fully established. His practice has been principally in temperate climates; and in them, he informs us, he has sometimes observed cough, defluxion, and pimples on the face, produced by breathing the pulmonary exhalations of the Phthisical; though the persons so affected did not become consumptive.-As he has remarked suppuration and ulceration in every dissection which he has seen of a consumptive case terminating fatally, and as these presuppose the existence of inflammation, he concludes that more or less of the latter is a necessary attendant on pulmonary consumption. M. BRIEUDE treats at large on the nature of tubercles and vomica, and on the causes on inflammation and the formation of pus. With Cullen, he regards inflammation as arising from a spasm of the extreme vessels; and pus, he conceives, is produced by that portion of the gluten which the serum holds in solution, and which is separated during the stagnation of the latter in the cellular membrane, at the termination of inflammatory obstructions.'-He believes, also, that by its acrimony, this stagnating and fermenting serum corrodes the cellular texture, with the capillary extremities of the lymphatic vessels, and some of the red vessels; and that pus is formed by the mixture of those products with the extravasated liquor.'-It is hardly necessary to say that the doctrine here supported by the author, on the formation of pus, is not consistent with the later experiments and observations of Pathologists on this subject. Stagnation, and the changes consequent on it, are insufficient for the production of pus; which possesses the nature of a secretion, and is the result of a peculiar though unknown action of vessels. The acrimonious effects, erroneously attributed to laudable pus, are not supposed to be confined to the part in which it is formed.-When absorbed, it is even represented as possessing the power of melting away the fat;' which he asserts it dissolves to the last drop, as soon as it is absorbed, and carried into the mass of humours, and thence thrown into the adipose membrane.' It is properly stated that the symptoms, by which Phthisis Pulmonalis is to be accurately distinguished, are frequently Hh 4 obscure. 利 obscure. While, therefore, he enumerates those which are generally attendant on this complaint, he says that it is only by an attentive consideration of the whole, that a correct judg ment of its existence can be formed. If there are any which more distinctly mark it than others, they seem to him to be the obstinate cough and emaciation. He divides Phthisis Pulmonalis into the acute and chronic with regard to the duration of the disease; and the tracheal and pulmonary in relation to its particular seat. These again he considers as either essential or symptomatic. He employs much attention in the description of his principal divisions, the acute and chronic; and to them he principally refers his observations on the cure of consumption. The indications laid down by Morton are given and illustrated at considerable length; and a particular chapter is devoted to the consideration of the various remedies, or classes of remedies, which have been, or still are, considered as useful in consumption.-The prevention of this disease is that object in which the practitioner is most frequently successful; and one to which he is therefore most particularly en couraged to attend. On the proper management of those who are in any way disposed to it, many pertinent observations aré offered but none which are not generally known, though they may not be sufficiently regarded. The effects of warm clothing, and particularly of flannel worn next to the skin, do not seem to have received the author's consideration. On the antiphlogistic regimen, and moderate bleeding, in the early stages of the complaint, M. BRIEUDE places much dependence but he cautions us against the use of the latter remedy in more advanced periods. He disapproves of milk as an article of food, on account of its tendency to turn sour, and supposing it to be unfavourable to the slow fever which consumes the patient. Whey, however, he regards as well adapted for nourishment. To the use of bitters in consumption he is favourable but he places more reliance on the plants which he terms antiscorbutic; such as mustard, horse radish, and cresses. The Lichen Islandicus he does not mention. Не seems to be ignorant of the employment of Digitalis, but speaks with confidence of the effects of mercury, particularly the muriate of mercury, in resolving tubercles of the lungs. He asserts that this medicine, given in the form of a syrup, mixed with a considerable quantity of mucilaginous drink, is very efficacious in removing obstructions in the lungs, and in stimulating the secretory vessels; and with this view it is useful at every period of consumption, except the colliquative.→→ Whether the disease arise from an old cause or not, this remedy, he says, is always salutary; and he asserts that it is owing 4 owing only to timidity or prejudice that it is not more frequently employed. The author seems to have but slightly attended to the means of moderating the cough, a subject of very great importance in every stage of consumption.-On the use of opiates, he says little; and, though he thinks that blisters are frequently serviceable, he nevertheless recommends what appears to us a greater than necessary caution in their employment after the incipient stages of the complaint. The whole of the second volume of this publication is occupied with the report of cases of incipient or confirmed consumption, which have come under M. BRIEUDE's observation at Paris and elsewhere. The moderate and early use of bleedings, the an tiphlogistic regimen, light and moderate diet, and the use of the antiscorbutic vegetables above mentioned, together with the occasional employment of blisters, were the means principally adopted in their treatment. The author mentions the use of chalybeates in some periods of consumption, but does not appear to have seen much of the exhibition of this class of remedies. Yell, &c. ; i. e. The O/ ART. IV. Leçons du Cit. Boyer sur les Maladies des fs, &c. ; i. e. The THE HE treatise before us formed a part of an annual course of lectures on Surgical Pathology, delivered by M. BOYER; and its immediate publication was owing to the wish to anticipate or prevent the appearance of an imperfect and mutilated copy of that division of his lectures which treats of the Bones, and which was intended by some of his pupils to be laid before the profession at large. M. RICHERAUD, therefore, at M. BOYER's desire, undertook the task of preparing these lectures for the press but, though they may be regarded as actually the production of the latter, yet they owe to the editor (as we are informed,) several important additions, which his own ample experience gave him an opportunity of making. The greater part of the information contained in these volumes has been necessarily furnished by preceding writers on Surgery; yet it is but justice to the authors to observe that their work is written with care and judgment, that it seems to discover an extensive practical knowlege of the subject, and that that it is calculated to give a very good and comprehensive view of the pathology of the bones. It is divided into two the first comprizing an account of the diseases which affect the substance and continuity of bones; the second, such as attack their articulations or connections. The first division comprehends fractures, wounds of the bones, exostosis, necrosis, caries, softness, and friability, of the bones, and the disease known by the name of spinaventosa or osteosarcoma.-The second includes sprains, luxations, dropsy of the joints, moveable substances formed in them, white or lymphatic swellings, and anchylosis. Previously to the examination of fractures in particular parts of the body, which occupies a great share of the first volume, some observations are made on fractures in general; in which are considered their differences, causes, symptoms, prognosis, and treatment, with the nature and formation of callus. The bent position of a fractured limb, as recommended by Pott, is regarded as less favourable to comfort and recovery than the strait; for it is soon equally fatiguing, is more easily displaced by accidental movements, and does not admit of comparing the injured with the healthy limb. The chapter on Necrosis, it appears to us, would have been materially improved by an acquaintance with Mr. Russell's treatise on this subject.-The new bone, which so singularly invelopes the old one, is represented as formed of hardened periosteum, which, being detached from the diseased bone, becomes obstructed, swells, retians the phosphate of lime which the vessels ramifying through its substance bear with them; hardens, grows solid by means of this saline inorganic matter; and forms round the bone, which is deprived of life, an osseous cylinder larger than itself.' The simplest and the most rational account of the mode in which this phænomenon is ef fected, seems to be, that an effusion is thrown out, similar to that which takes place between the ends of a fractured bone, and that this becomes vascular and is in time ossified. In distortions of the spine, occurring in infants, and producing a paralytic affection of the lower extremities, the author mentions having seen advantage from the application of caustic or moxa: but he does not seem to be acquainted with the benefit derived from long continued drains from the neighbourhood of the protuberance, whether in infants or adults who are so affected. The account of white-swelling in the joint, which occurs at the latter end of the second volume, is short and distinct. The plan recommended for curing it is, in many respects, similar to that which is practised in this country: but much less de pendence 475 pendence is placed on the repeated application of blisters, than is found with us to be justified by experience.-We should have been glad to have been furnished with a more particular account of the personal experience of the author and editor, on many topics noticed in these volumes: for it is of less consequence in a work of this kind, to give a detail of what others have done in curing a disease, than to point out to the student, or practitioner, the particular plan of treatment which an extensive and correct experience has demonstrated to be service..ble, Yell. ART. V. Le Musée Français, &c. ; i. e. The French Museum, published by ROBILLARD PERONVILLE and LAURENT. From No. 4. to No. 14. inclusive. Imperial Folio. Paris. 1804. Imported by De Boffe. Price 21. 12s. 6d. each Number: or, Proof Impres sions, 51. N the Appendix to Vol. 41. of our New Series, we anRounced the commencement of this truly splendid and amusing publication; and we take this opportunity of reporting its continuance to the lovers of the arts. The numbers now before us are in every respect equal to those which we have already noticed; and if the work continues to be executed with the spirit and ability hitherto evinced, it will form one of the most beautiful collections of engravings which this or any age has produced, Before it is finished, it will certainly be expensive to the subscribers and purchasers: but men of taste, who can spare the money, will be satisfied that they have quid pro quo. It is indeed a gratification to us to examine these Livraisons, as they proceed; and it is only alloyed by the mortifying thought that we cannot transfuse the pleasure which we experience, to our readers. We feel as if we tantalized them by our inadequate account of such productions; and yet we consider it to be our duty to inform them of what may be seen in this series of engravings. We shall do all that lies in our power, and then we must leave it to the majority of readers" to dream the rest.” These numbers include (No. 4.) The Concert, by Dominichini.-St. Matthew, by Rembrandt.-Portrait, by Ditto. The Cascade, by Vernet. (Statue) Nero. (No. 5.) St. Paul healing the Sick, by Le Sueur.-The Musical Lesson, by Terburgh. The Pasture, by Du Jardin.-(Statue) Meleager. (No.6.) The Benediction of Jacob, by Coningsloo.-St. Peter's Denial, by Teniers.-Crossing the Ferry, by Berchem. (Statue) The Discobolus, (or quoit-thrower) in repose. (No. 7.) The Reconciliation of Jacob and Laban, from a picture by Peter of Cortona - Tobit and |