ties of his head and heart. If his erudition was inconsiderable, his mind was well-balanced and well-informed. His temper was so perfect and so endearing, as to call forth the most kind and cordial epithets in the forms of address used by his correspondents; and his sound understanding, his downright honesty, and unaffected simplicity, always secured a hearty welcome to "Good Mr. Walton." His familiar acquaintance with eminent men afforded him opportunities for acquiring a knowledge of the history and peculiarities of his contemporaries; and it appears that he was sometimes applied to for information of this kind. In answer to certain inquiries respecting Ben Jonson, he says, "I only knew Ben Jonson; but my Lord of Winton knew him very well." After some items of his earlier history, he adds; "Then Ben began to set up for himself in the trade by which he got his subsistence and fame, of which I need not give any account. He got in time to have a hundred pounds a year from the king, also a pension from the city, and the like from many of the nobility and some of the gentry, which was well paid, for love or fear of his railing in verse or prose, or both." pp. xxxvii, xxxviii.

He speaks also of a Mr. Warner, in answer to certain interrogatories; mentions the part of the city in which he had long resided, and adds; "My Lord of Winchester tells me, he knew him, and that he said, he first found out the circulation of the blood, and discovered it to Dr. Harvey, (who said that it was he himself that found it,) for which he is so memorably famous." Walton gives no opinion in the case, and says nothing of Warner's character, except that "he was harmless and quiet." We have never elsewhere seen his name mentioned among those for whom the discovery of the circulation of the blood is claimed.

Next to the life of Donne, in the order of the biographies, comes that of Wotton. This appeared originally with the "Reliquiæ Wottonianæ," edited by Walton in 1651. Sir Henry Wotton was a man of learning and talents, of great address, and of piety mingled with some grains of supersti

tion.

He was a travelled gentleman, and became an intimate companion of James the First, and one of his diplomatic agents. He was also something of a humorist, fond too of innocent adventures, and not without some personal experience in the same. His indulgence of his humor occasioned

him, in one instance, no slight embarrassment. to which we allude is thus described by Walton.

The affair

"At his first going ambassador into Italy, as he passed through Germany, he stayed some days at Augusta, where having been, in his former travels, well known by many of the best note for learning and ingeniousness (those that are esteemed the virtuosi of that nation), with whom he, passing an evening in merriments, was requested by Christopher Flecamore to write some sentence in his Albo, (a book of white paper which the German gentry usually carry about them for that purpose); and Sir Henry Wotton, consenting to the motion, took an occasion, from some accidental discourse of the present company, to write a pleasant definition of an ambassador, in these very words:

"Legatus est vir bonus peregrè missus ad mentiendum reipublicæ causâ.'

"Which Sir Henry Wotton could have been content should have been thus Englished:

"An ambassador is an honest man, sent to lie abroad for the good of his country.'

"But the word for lie being the hinge upon which the conceit was to turn, was not so expressed in Latin, as would admit (in the hands of an enemy especially) so fair a construction as Sir Henry thought in English. Yet as it was, it slept quietly among other sentences in this Albo, almost eight years, till by accident it fell into the hands of Jasper Scioppius, a Romanist, a man of a restless spirit and a malicious pen; who, with books against king James, prints this as a principle of that religion professed by the king and his ambassador Sir Henry Wotton, then at Venice; and in Venice it was presently after written in several glass-windows, and spitefully declared to be Sir Henry Wotton's.

"This coming to the knowledge of king James, he apprehended it to be such an oversight, such a weakness, or worse, in Sir Henry Wotton, as caused the king to express much. wrath against him; and this caused Sir Henry Wotton to write two Apologies, one to Velserus (one of the chiefs of Augusta,) in the universal language, which he caused to be printed and given and scattered in the most remarkable places both of Germany and Italy, as an antidote against the venomous books of Scioppius; and another Apology to king James; which were both so ingenious, so clear, and so choicely eloquent, that his majesty (who was a pure judge of it) could not forbear,

at the receipt thereof, to declare publicly, that "Sir Henry Wotton had commuted sufficiently for a greater offence."

In 1662 "The Life of Mr. Richard Hooker" appeared. Walton enjoyed some peculiar advantages for writing the life of this great and learned man, particularly by means of his intimate acquaintance with persons who were partly educated by Hooker, and also with several distinguished men by whom he was thoroughly known. Hooker was a good as well as a great man; and though he was a strenuous defender of" Ecclesiastical Polity," in his work thus entitled, and in principles, yet his spirit was liberal and his charity remarkably comprehensive, for the age in which he lived. Towards the close of the sixteenth century a most violent temper was manifested on the part of some of the English ecclesiastics against the Papists. "There was sprung up, says Walton, "a new generation of restless men, that by company and clamors became possessed of a faith which which they ought to have kept to themselves, but could not; men that were become positive in asserting, 'that a Papist cannot be saved.'" No grave remonstrances against these persons and their writings produced any effect; but the authors who were safe from the pulpit and the throne, were touched and shamed by ridicule. "Tom Nash," says Walton, "appeared against them all, who was a man of a sharp wit, and the master of a scoffing, satirical, merry pen, which he employed to discover the absurdities of those blind, malicious, senseless pamphlets, and sermons as senseless as they; Nash's answers being like his books, which bore these titles, An Almond for a Parrot;' A Fig for my Godson;' 'Come crack me this Nut,' and the like; so that his merry wit made such a discovery of their absurdities, as (which is strange) he put a greater stop to these malicious pamphlets than a much wiser man had been able." Vol. II. p. 64.

Walter Travers, who bore no good will to Hooker, in consequence of unsuccessful rivalry, led him into a controversy with himself concerning the Papists, particularly on the merit of good works, and justification thereby, as maintained by the Papists. "Shall Man," says Hooker, "be so bold as to write on their graves, 'Such men are damned; there is for them no salvation.'

"Give me a pope or a cardinal, whom great afflictions have made to know himself, whose heart God hath touched with true sorrow for all his sins, and filled with a love of Christ and his gospel; whose eyes are willingly open to see the truth, and his mouth ready to renounce all error, this one opinion of merit excepted, which he thinketh God will require at his hands; and because he wanteth, trembleth, and is discouraged, and yet can say, "Lord, cleanse me from all my secret sins!" shall I think, because of this, or a like error, such men touch not so much as the hem of Christ's garment? If they do, wherefore should I doubt, but that virtue may proceed from Christ to save them? No, I will not be afraid to say to such a one, "You err in your opinion, but be of good comfort; you have to do with a merciful God, who will make the best of that little which you hold well, and not with a captious sophister, who gathered the worst out of every thing in which you are mistaken." Vol. II. p. 72.

In the conclusion of his eloquent discussion, Hooker says, "Surely I must confess, that if it be an error to think that God may be merciful to save men, even when they err, my greatest comfort is my error: were it not for the love I bear to this error, I would never wish to speak or to live." pp. 73, 74.

Walton's "Life of Mr. George Herbert" was published in 1670, and the last of his biographical works, "The Life of Dr. Robert Sanderson," was published in 1678, the author being then eighty five years of age. Sanderson was a very learned man, devout, humble, and diffident to a fault. As a proof of this we may mention his habit of reading his excellent Sermons in the pulpit, in the most dull and tame manner, while he would never trust to his memory which was remarkable, or to any felicitous suggestion of the moment, to give animation to his preaching. The following account furnishes evidence of the power of memory, seldom equalled :

"His memory was so matchless and firm, as it was only overcome by his bashfulness: for he alone, or to a friend, could repeat all the Odes of Horace, all Tully's Offices, and much of Juvenal and Persius, without book: and would say, 'the repetition of one of the Odes of Horace to himself (which he did often) was to him such music, as a lesson on the viol was to others, when they played it voluntarily to themselves or friends.' p. 295.

The Life of Sanderson we should judge likely to be on the whole, a greater favorite with most readers, than that of any other of the excellent men commemorated by Walton. "My friendship with him" says his biographer, "was begun almost forty years past, when I was as far from a thought, as a desire to outlive him; and farther from an intention to write his Life." But this long friendship peculiarly fitted him for the task, and, combined with a share of incidents, and of the troubles of the times in which Sanderson was concerned, enabled the author to impart great interest to the subject.

Mr. Young, the editor of the work before us, is doubtless correct in saying that "these delightful pieces of biography are very little known in this country." They certainly deserve to be well known and extensively read; for besides the amount of knowledge which they furnish concerning persons and things at an eventful period of English history, they afford highly instructive lessons for the forming of a virtuous, amiable, and steadfast character.

ART. VI.-1. A New Greek and English Lexicon; principally on the Plan of the Greek and German Lexicon of Schneider; the Words Alphabetically Arranged; distinguishing such as are Poetical, of Dialectic Variety, or Peculiar to certain Writers, and Classes of Writers; with Examples, literally translated, selected from the Classical Writers. By JAMES DONNEGAN, M. D. First American, from the Second London Edition, Revised and Enlarged, by R. B. PATTON. Boston:

Hilliard, Gray, &. Co. 1832. Royal 8vo. pp. 1432. 2. A New Greek and English Lexicon; principally on the Plan of the Greek and German Lexicon of Schneider, the Words Alphabetically Arranged; distinguishing such as are Poetical, of Dialectic Variety, or Peculiar to Certain Writers and Classes of Writers; with Examples, literally translated, from the Classic Writers.` By JAMES DONNEGAN, M. D. Arranged from the last London Edition, by J. M. CAIRNS, A. M. Philadelphia Carey & Lea. 1832. 12mo.

THE merits of Schneider's Greek and German Lexicon have been well known in our country, for several years past.