40 In 1676, his famous Apology for the quakers was published in Latin at Amfterdam, in quarto. His Thefes theologica, which are the foundation of this work, had been published fome time before. He tranflated his Apology into English, and publifhed it in 1678 (D). This work is addreffed to king Charles II. and the manner in which he expresses himfelf to his majesty is very remarkable. Amongst many other extraordinary paffages, we meet with the following: "There is no king in the world, who can fo experimentally testify "of God's providence and goodness, neither is there any "who rules fo many free people, fo many true Chriftians, "which thing renders thy government more honourable, "thyfelf more confiderable, than the acceffion of many na❝tions filled with flavish and fuperftitious fouls. Thou haft "tafted of profperity and adverfity, thou knoweft what it is "to be banished thy native country, to be over-ruled as well as to rule and fit upon the throne; and being oppreffed, "thou has reason to know how hateful the oppreffor is both "to God and man: if after all those warnings and adver<tisements, thou doft not turn unto the Lord with all thy "heart, but forget him who remembered thee in thy distress, " and give up thyfelf to follow luft and vanity, furely, great will be thy condemnation." These pieces of his, though they greatly raised his reputation amongst many perfons of fenfe and learning, yet they brought him into various disputes, and one particularly with fome confiderable members of the university of Aberdeen, an account of which was afterwards published (E). In 1677, he wrote a large treatise on univer (D) The title in the English edition runs thus: An apology for the true Chriftian divinity as the fame is held forth and preached by the people called in scorn quakers; being a full explanation and vindication for their principles and doctrines, by many arguments deduced from fcripture and right reafon, and the teftimonies of famous authors both ancient and modern, with a full answer to the strongest objections ufually made against them; prefented to the king; written and published in Latin for the information of ftrangers, by Robert Barclay, and now put into our ewn language for the benefit of his Countrymen. (E) It was printed under the fol fal lowing title: A true and faithful account of the most material paffages of a difpute between fome ftudents of divinity (fo called) of the univerfity of Aberdeen, and the people called quakers, held in Aberdeen in Scot land, in Alexander Harper his close (or yard) before fome hundred of witneffes, upon the 14th day of the fecond month, called April, 1675, there being John Lefly, Alexander Sherreff, and Paul Gellie mafter of arts, opponents; and defendants upon the quakers part, Robert Barclay and George Keith præfes for moderating the meeting, chofen by them, Andrew Thompson advocate; and by the quakers, Alexander Skein, fome time a magiftrate of the city: published fal love (F). Nor were his talents entirely confined to this abftracted kind of writing, as appears from his letter to the public minifters of Nimeguen (G). In 1679, a treatise of his was published in answer to John Brown. He wrote alfo the fame year a vindication of his Anarchy of the ranters. His laft tract was published in 1686, and intitled The poffibility and neceffity of the inward and immediate revelation of the fpirit of God towards the foundation and ground of true faith, proved in a letter written in Latin to a person of quality in Holland, and now alfo put into English. He did great fervice to his fect by his writings over all Europe. He travelled alfo with the famous Mr. Penn through the greatest part of England, Holland, and Germany, and was every where received with great refpect. When he returned to his native country, he spent the remainder of his life in a quiet and retired manner. He died at his own houfe at Ury, on the 3d of October, 1690, in the forty-fecond year of his age. published for preventing mifreports by Alexander Skein, John Skein, Alexander Harper, Thomas Merfer, and John Cowie; to which is added Robert Barclay's offer to the preachers of Aberdeen, renewed and reinforced. (1) This treatise was wrote in the beginning of the year 1677, and published foon after, under the following title, Univerfal love confidered and established upon its right foundation, being a serious enquiry how far charity may and ought to extend towards perfons of different judgments in matters of religion; and whofe principles, amongst the feveral fects of Christians, do moft naturally lead to that due moderation required; writ in the fpirit of love and meekness, for the removing of stumbling-blocks out of the way of the fimple, by a lover of the fouls of all men, R. B. (G) The congrefs at Nimeguen began in 1675. The plenipotentiaries appointed by king Charles were fir William Temple and fir Leoline Jenkins; all the ambaffadors prefent were looked upon as the ableft statesmen of their age: to them Mr. Barclay addreffes his epiftle in these words, " To the ambaffadors and "deputies of the Chriftian princes " and ftates met at Nimeguen, to "confult the peace of Christendom, "R. B. a fervant of Jefus Christ, " and hearty well-wisher to the "Chriftian world, wishes increase of "grace and peace, and the fpirit of "found judgment, with hearts in"clined and willing to receive and "obey the counsel of God." BARLÆUS (MELCHIOR) a Latin poet of the fixteenth century, born at Antwerp. He was fon of Lambert Barlæus, keeper of the records of Antwerp above forty years. He wrote feveral pieces in verfe as well as profe (A). (A). The titles of them are as follow: 1. Brabantiados libri v. et Antverpiæ encomium. 2. De diis gentium libri duo. 3. De raptu Ganymedis libri tres, et bucolica, 7. 4. An oration, De vitæ humanæ felicitate, cum adjuncto carmine de rerum humanarum viciffitudine, ad Gafparum fratrem. 5. Hiftoria de domus Auftriacia eminentia. BARLEUS Wood's tom. ii. BARLÆUS (JASPER) an excellent Latin poet, born at Antwerp, in the year 1584. He ftudied eight years in the college of the province of Holland at Leyden. Bertius, the fub-principal of this college, having been appointed principal, recommended Barlæus to be his fucceffor, who was accordingly named fub-principal, and fome time after he was made profeffor of logic in the univerfity of Leyden; but he interested himself fo much in the difputes of the Arminians, that he loft his profefforship as foon as the oppofite party prevailed in the fynod of Dort. He now applied himself to phyfic, and in two years took his doctor's degree at Caen, but he scarce ever practifed. In 1631, the magiftrates of Amfterdam having erected a feminary, offered him the profefforship of philosophy, which he accepted, and difcharged with great honour. He "published several sharp controverfial pieces against the adverfaries of Arminius; and as he was looked upon as a favourer of that fect, many people murmured against the magiftrates of Amfterdam for entertaining fuch a profeffor. He was continued however in his profefforfhip till his death, which happened the 14th of January, 1648. We have a volume of orations of his, which he pronounced on different occafions; they are admired for their ftyle and wit, but his poetical compofitions are what chiefly raised his reputation. His letters were published after his death in two volumes. His history or relation of what paffed in Brazil, during the government of count Maurice of Naffau, was published in 1647. BARLOWE (THOMAS) a very learned English bishop, born at Langhill, in the parish of Orton, in Weftmorland, Athen. Ox. in the year 1607. He was educated at the free school at Appleby, and fent from thence in 1624, to Queen's college Oxford, where he took his degree of mafter of arts on the 27th of June, 1633, and the fame year was chosen fellow of his college. In 1635, he was appointed metaphyfic reader in the univerfity; and his lectures being much approved, they were publifhed for the ufe of the ftudents. When the garrifon of Oxford surrendered to the parliament in 1646, he fubmitted to thofe in power, and found means to preserve his fellowship; yet we find that he wrote a very ludicrous account of the parliamentary vifitation (A). In 1652, he (A) This was an anonymous pamphlet, dated Oxford April 18, 1648, and intitled, Pegafus, or the Aying horfe from Oxford, bringing the proceedings of the vifitours and 6 other bedlamites there, by command of the earl of Montgomery : print'ed at Montgomery, heretofore called Oxford. W39 was elected head-keeper of the Bodleian library. July the Ibid. See his Ge As Mr. Barlowe was a perfon eminent for his skill in the civil and canon law, he was often applied to in cafes of con-nuine Refcience about marriage. It was upon fuch an occafion that mains, in 1671, he writ Mr. Cottington's cafe of divorce. Upon P. 351. the death of Dr. W. Fuller bishop of Lincoln, which happened April 22, 1675, he obtained a grant of that bishopric, and the 27th of June following was confecrated at Ely-house chapel. After the popish plot was difcovered in September, 1678, he published feveral pieces against the Roman catholic religion (B). He diftinguished himself alfo for his zeal against popery in the houfe of lords. When the examination relating to the plot was going on, a bill was brought into the house of commons, requiring all members, and all fuch as might come into the king's court or prefence, to take a test against (B) The principal are as follow: 1. The gun-powder treafon, with à difcourfe of the manner of its difcovery, and a perfect relation of the proceedings against those horrid confpirators : now reprinted, with a preface by Thomas lord bishop of Lincoln: and, by way of appendix, several papers or letters of fir Everard Digby, never before printed. London, 1679, in octavo. 2. Brutum fulmen, or the bull of pope Pius Sixtus concerning the damnation, excommunication, and depofition of queen Elizabeth; with some obfervations and animadverfions upon it. London, 1681, in quarto. 3. A difcourfe concerning the laws ecclefiaftical and civil made against heretics, by popes, emperors, and kings, provincial and general councils, approved by the church of Rome. London, 1682, in quarto, 4. Directions to a young divine for his study of divinity and choice of books. 5. The rights of the bishops to judge in capital cafes in parliament cleared, etc. London, 1680. 6. After his decease fir Peter Pett published, in 1692, in octavo, Several miscellaneous and weighty cases of confcience, learnedly and judiciously refolved by the right reverend father in God Dr. Thomas Barlowe, late lord bishop of Lincoln. The fame gentleman published also, in 1693, London, octavo, 7. The genuine remains of that learned prelate Dr. Thomas Barlowe, late lord bishop of Lincoln, containing diverfe difcourfes theological, phylofophical, hiftorical, etc. in letters to feveral perfons of honour and quality. And fome few others of small account, popery. Burnet's vol. i. Col. 877 popery. In this, transubstantiation was renounced, and the worship of the virgin Mary and the faints, as practised in the Hift. of his church of Rome, was declared idolatrous. It paffed in the own Times, house of commons without any difficulty; but in the house of lords, Dr. Peter Gunning bishop of Ely maintained that the church of Rome was not idolatrous. He was anfwered by bishop Barlowe. Mr. Wood charges him on this occafion with inconfiftency in his conduct, and tells us, that though he had before been a seeming friend to the papists, he became then a bitter enemy to them and the duke of York; but that when the duke was proclaimed king, he took all opportunities of expreffing his affection towards him. However that be, after the revolution he was one of those who voted that the king had abdicated his kingdoms, and was very keen for excluding from their benefices thofe of the clergy who refused the oaths. Genuine Remains, P. 151. Wood's vol. i. col. 495. Bishop Barlowe was somewhat particular in regard to fome of his notions, being entirely addicted to the Ariftotelian philosophy, and a declared enemy to the improvements made by the Royal Society, and to what he called in general the new philosophy: he was likewife a rigid Calvinift; and his great attachment to Calvin's doctrine engaged him in a public oppofition to fome of Mr. Bull's works. He died at Buckden in Huntingdonshire, October 8, 1691, in the eightyfifth year of his age, and was buried the 11th of the faid month, on the north fide of the chancel belonging to that church. He bequeathed to the Bodleian library all fuch books of his own as were not in that noble collection at the time of his death; and the remainder he gave to Queen's college in Oxford: whereupon the fociety erected, in 1694, a noble pile of building, on the weft fide of their college, to receive them. All his manuscripts, of his own compofition, he left to his two domeftic chaplains, William Offley and Henry Brougham, prebendaries of Lincoln. BARLOWE (WILLIAM) fon of William Barlowe bishop of St. David's, born in Pembrokeshire. In 1560, he was admitted at Baliol college Oxford, and four years after took a degree in arts. In 1573, he took orders, and was made prebendary of Winchefter. December the 14th, 1588, he was named prebendary of Collwich, in the cathedral of Litchfield; but he quitted it for the place of treasurer in the fame church, and was inftalled in it October 17, 1589. He afterwards became chaplain to prince Henry, and at length archdeacon of Salisbury; to which laft he was collated the |