THE CUSTOM OF THE COUNTRY.' The Commendatory Verses by Gardiner and Lovelace speak singly of Fletcher, as Author of this Play; other writers speak of Beaumont as sharer in it. It was first printed in 1647, when ten of the then principal performers collected into a folio volume thirty-five dramatic pieces of our Poets, which had never before been published. Colley Cibber has founded his comedy of Love Makes a Man, or the Fop's Fortune, on this play and the Elder Brother of our Authors. THE PROLOGUE. So free this work is, gentlemen, from offence, Will be starv'd here; for envy shall not find ANOTHER PROLOGUE. A well-drawn piece, which gave a lawful birth But unto such to whom 'tis known by fame PERSONS REPRESENTED. governor, and a disho { governor of Lisbon, mar. a gentleman contracted to Ze- RUTILIO, {a merry gentleman, brother to CHARINO, father to Zenocia. son to Guiomar; a gentleman DUARTE, well qualified, but vainglorious. chaste wife. GUIOMAR, a virtuous lady, mother to Duarte. HIPPOLYTA, with Arnoldo. SULPITIA, a bawd, mistress of the male-stews. Doctor, Chirurgeon, Officers, Guard, Page, Bravo, Knaves of the male-stews, Servants. The SCENE, sometimes LISBON, sometimes ITALY. 'The Custom, on which a main part of the plot of this comedy is built, prevailed at one time, as Mons. Bayle tells us, in Italy; till it was put down by a prudent and truly pious carVEL. I. U ACT I. do you grieve thus still? Arn. Twould melt a marble, And tame a savage man, to feel my fortune. · Rut. What fortune? I have liv'd this thirty [tunes, years, And run through all these follies you call for- Rut. You love a gentlewoman, a young [calling, I have lov'd a thousand, not so few. tune Than e'er felt you Arn. 'Tis true, I love, dearly and truly love, A noble, virtuous, and most beauteous maid; And am belov'd again. Rut. That's too much o' conscience, [wits. To love all these, would run me out o' my Arn. Prithee, give ear. I am to marry her. Rut. Dispatch it, then, and I'll go call the piper. [country! Arn. But, oh, the wicked custom of this The barbarous, most inhuman, damned custom! [human Rut. "Tis true,3 to marry is the most inDamn'd custom in the world: for, look you, [hearts, Would any man stand plucking for the ace of With one pack of card, all days on's life? Arn. You do not, Or else you purpose not to, brother, understand me. dinal. It is likewise generally imagined to have obtained in Scotland for a long time; and the received opinion hath hitherto been, that Eugenius III. king of Scotland (who began his reign A. D. 555) ordained, that the lord, or master, should have the first night's lodging with every woman married to his tenant or bondman. This obscene ordinance is supposed to have been abrogated by Malcolm III. who began his reign A. D. 1061, about five years before the Norman conquest; having lasted in force somewhat above five hundred years. See Blount in his Dictionary of Law-Termes, under the word Mercheta. Theobald. This account hath received the sanction of several eminent antiquarians; but a learned writer, Sir David Dalrymple, hath undertaken to contravert the fact, and deny the actual existence of the Custom. See Annals of Scotland. The excellent Commentator on the Laws of England is of opinion, this Custom never prevailed in England, though he supposes it certainly did in Scotland. R. 2 Take heed, dear brother, of a stranger fortune Than e'er you felt yet; Fortune my foe's a friend to it.] i.e. Take heed of the consequences of marriage, the chance of cuckoldom. But still this passage must be obscure to the most attentive reader, who is not informed of this circumstance. Fortune my foe' was the beginning of an old ballad, in which were enumerated all the misfortunes that fall upon mankind through the caprice of Fortune. This ballad is again men. tioned in our Authors' Knight of the Burning Pestle : Old Mer. Sing, I say, or by the merry heart you come not in. And it is likewise mentioned in a comedy of more recent date, called the Rump, or Mirrour of the times (by John Tatham, printed in 1660). A Frenchman is introduced at the bonfires made for the burning of the Rumps; and, catching hold of Priscilla, Mrs. Lambert's waitingwoman, will oblige her to dance, and orders the music to play Fortune my foe.' Theobald. 3 'Tis true, to marry is a custom I the world; for, look you, brother.] i. e. It is a custom to marry; for who would be such a fool as to marry? Besides the defect in the metre, this is flagrant nonsense. Nothing is more common in printing than to reprint the words of a foregoing line in a subsequent one; and when the same words are really to be repeated, the printer, by not attending to the sense, might naturally think it an error of the transcriber, and so omit them. This latter has undoubtedly happened in the place above, which therefore, I believe, I have restored, and the passage gains much humour by it. Seward. There is certainly some defect in the text; and though, as Mr. Theobald observes, there is an uncommon liberty taken in this emendation,' yet we do not think a cure can be effected with less violence. He that commands in chief, must have her An admirable rare Custom! And none ex- Arn. To this mad fortune Am I now come; my marriage is proclaim'd, Arn. Yes. Rut. And fair, I dare proclaim her; Else mine eyes fail. Arn. Fair as the bud unblasted. Rut. I cannot blame him then: If 'twere mine own case, I would not go an ace less. 4 Arn. Fie, Rutilio, Why do you make your brother's misery Rut. There is no pastime like it. [counsel, Arn. I look'd for your advice, your timely How to avoid this blow, not to be mock'd at, And my afflictions jeer'd. Rut. I tell thee, Arnoldo, [brother, An thou wert my father, as thou art but my My younger brother too, I must be merry. And where there is a wench i' th' case, a young wench,s [too, A handsome wench, and so near a good turn An I were to be hang'd, thus must I handle it. But you shall see, Sir, I can change this habit To do you any service; advise what you please, And see with what devotion I'll attend it. But yet, methinks, I am taken with this Custom, Enter Charino and Zenocia. and could pretend to th' place. Arn. Draw off a little; ere come my mistress and her father. Vould I might farm this Custom! Now to bethink yourself of new advice, Be rul'd by me; a father's care directs you: Zen. I have consider'd. [consider: Char. The blessedness, that this breeds too, Besides your father's honour, your own peace, The banishment for ever of this Custom, This base and barbarous use: For, after once He has found the happiness of holy marriage, And what it is to grow up with one beauty, How he will scorn and kick at such an heritage, Left him by lust, and lewd progenitors. All virgins too shall bless your name, shall saint it, And, like so many pilgrims, go to your shrine, When time has turn'd your beauty into ashes, Fill'd with your pious memory. Zen. Good father, 4 I would not go an ace less. i. e. As we now say, I would not bate an ace of it. 5 And where there is a wench yet can, a young wench, Theobald. I A handsome wench, and sooner a good turn too.] The oldest folio exhibits it can, which the latter editors to this corrupted reading, and will lead us back again to the true one. nk I may venture to say, that I have both retrieved the metre and the meaning of the Aurs. Mr.Seward likewise saw with me, that i' th' case was necessary in the first part of the endation. Theobald. Virtue is never wounded, but I suffer.] This glorious sentiment, which, as the ingenious -. Sympson says, is more worthy of a philosopher than a woman, we have met with before, ewhat differently cloathed, in Philaster: When any falls from virtue, I am distracted; 'Tis an ill office in your age, a poor one, Rut. A good wench! Zen. His faith uncertain? The nobleness his virtue springs from doubted? One hour of this man's goodness, this man's (Forgive his lusts too, which are half his life) Rules and strong ties of virtue. He has my To him in sacred vow I have giv'n this body; Rut. Good wench still! [serving. Zen. And 'till he fling me off, as unde- A love so nobly great, no pow'r can ruin! This pure unspotted love, the child of Heaven, Go seck some better love; mine will debase For this night in your place, heartily wish it ; too, I have a foolish engine here.7-I say no I'll tell you what, and, if your honours guts are not enchanted Arn. I should now chide you, Sir, for so A cannibal, that feeds on the heads of maids, To the rude claws of such a cat o' mountain? "I have a foolish gin here.] The verse halts in its emphasis; and besides, gin, I think, is always used to signify a trap, or snare, never, a sword, or pistol, which carry open violence. Theobald. To a wild fellow, that would weary her.] Mr. Theobald and Mr. Sympson concur in reading worry; which certainly agrees better with the sense of what follows than weary. 9 You had better tear her between two oaks.] I have cured the metre, and now must explain the allusion of our Poets. Sinis, or Sinnis, was a tyrant of a gigantic stature and strength, haunting the isthmus of the Peloponnese; and was called Ivxxus, or the Pine-bender. When any unhappy passenger fell into the clutches of this merciless inan, he would bend down by main force two pines till he had brought thein to meet together, and having fastened an arm and a leg to each of them, tore asunder the limbs of his wretched captives. Pausanias tells us, that one of those pines was to be seen on the banks of a river even in his time, under the reign of Adrian. This Sinnis was put to death by Theseus in the same manner that he had exercised his cruelty upon others; as Plutarch informs us in the life of that hero. 1o A town-bull, &c.] Mr.Theobald recommends the following transposition in this passage: A town-bull Is a mere stoick to this fellow; and A Spanish jennet, a grave philosopher; A most virtuous gentleman. But this is not only unnecessary, but would hurt the sense, and rob us of the Poets' meaning, which evidently is, A town-bull, compared to Clodio, is a stoick, a very philosopher, devoid of sensuality; and a Spanish jennet is virtuous.' stomach! That hath whipt off the heads of a thousand bely you) This thing you study to betray your child to, And think you have fix'd her in the point of I must confess, an excellent dissecter; Char. What I spake, gentlemen, was mere And, lay his horns by, a handsomer bedfel- Arn. Pray let me ask you; And, my dear mistress, be not angry with me Hath wrought into a law, and must be satis- * That he should have her' fore my brother now, That is a handsome young fellow; and well thought on, Or 'fore myself, that have a reputation, Have studied the conclusions, &c.] This is Mr. Theobald's reading, upon which he says, • This passage, till reformed in the pointing, and the change of two monosyllables, as I ⚫ have regulated the text, I think, I may venture to pronounce was stark nonsense.' These regulations (both in punctuation and change of words) injure the Poets, disgrace the annotator, and mislead the reader -Rutilio is angry such a man as Clodio should have the privilege here mentioned: Indeed, were it my brother now, says he, or myself, that know how to conduct ourselves-it might be allowable and proper.' Thus understood, which it certainly ought to be, this speech contains much humour, and is finely depictive of Rutilio's whimsical character. or strain your loves With any base or hir'd persuasions.] Mr. Sympson saw with me, that the word here Theobald. should be stain. This is another of the multitudinous arbitrary and mischievous alterations, which the Editors of 1750 are continually obtruding on us. How bad Charino stained their loves? Had he hinted, that they entertained a shameful passion, or sought a faulty connexion? No such thing. His meaning is clearly and beautifully expressed to be, What I spake was from compulsion : I did not mean, with any persuasions I was hired to, to thwart you, torture, or torment you. Shakespeare has the same idea in Romeo and Juliet, expressed in a manner not dissimilar a you pull our heart-strings thus?' Why do |