first teacher appointed by the Feoffees, was Samuel Wigglesworth, son of the Rev. Samuel Wigglesworth, minister of the Hamlet parish. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1752, and kept the school two years, 1757-58. He was a practising physician in 1765, and, probably, resided at the Hamlet.

Benjamin Crocker, before mentioned, kept the school in 1759 and 1760.

Joseph How, who was graduated at Harvard College in 1758, kept the school one year, 1761. He married Elizabeth, daughter of the Hon. Thomas Berry, and died March 26, 1762, at the early age of twenty-five years. His wife died May 6, 1759, at the yet earlier age of twenty-two.

Daniel Noyes, the well remembered postmaster and register of probate, kept the school twelve years, 1762–73, and afterwards one year, 1780. He was born in Newbury about 1738; was graduated at Harvard College in 1758; died March 21, 1815. He bequeathed to this institution "three and one third old rights" and "six new rights in the Jeffries Neck lands."

Thomas Burnham was graduated at Harvard College in 1772. He was appointed teacher of this school in 1774, in which office he continued five years, when he entered the army, in which he attained the rank of major. After the peace he resumed the office of teacher and kept the school six years, 1786-91; again one year, 1793, and afterwards eleven years, 1807-17; in all twenty-three years.

Nathaniel Dodge, a graduate of Harvard College, 1777, kept the school in 1779 and 1784.

Jacob Kimball, a graduate of Harvard College, 1780, kept the school one year, 1781.

The Rev. John Treadwell, who was graduated at Harvard College in 1758, and ordained minister of Lynn in 1763, kept the school two years, 1783–85.

Daniel Dana, a graduate of Dartmouth College, 1788, kept the school in 1792; Joseph Dana, a graduate of the same college, the same year, kept the school in 1793; Samuel Dana, a graduate of Harvard College, 1796, kept the school three years, 1797-99. These were sons of the Rev. Doctor Joseph Dana, minister of the south parish.

Joseph McKean was graduated at Harvard College in 1794. He kept the school three years, 1794-96. He became a distinguished minister and professor in Harvard University.

Amos Choate was graduated at Harvard College in 1795. He kept the school seven years, 1800-6. He was afterwards register of deeds for the County of Essex many years.

George Choate, a graduate of Harvard College, 1818, kept the school four years, 1818-21.

Richard Kimball, kept the school nine weeks, in 1822, "for the income of the School Lands." Charles Choate, son of Mr. John Choate, kept the school on the same terms in 1823 and 1824. Stephen Coburn was the teacher in 1825; Richard Kimball in 1826; Mr. Ward in 1827; Nathan Brown, in 1828; Daniel Perley, in 1829; David T. Kimball, jun'., in 1830; Joseph Hale, three

years, 1831-33; Tolman Willey in 1834; Dan Weed, ten years, 1835-40, 1842-45; Eben. Stearns in 1841; George W. Tuxbury in 1846: Erza Gale, in 1847; Caleb Lamson, two years, 1848-49. The "grammar scholars" received private instruction from the Rev. John P. Cowles, in 1850.

In order to form an estimate of the amount of compensation paid to teachers and other public servants, it is necessary to take into consideration, the actual value of the currency and the ordinary expenses of living at the time in question.

The money of account in this part of the country, from the first settlement, to about the close of the seventeenth century,' was the pound sterling, of England. But, from the poverty of the people, and the consequent great scarcity of coin, most of the trading was carried on in barter, and conventional prices of the ordinary articles of consumption were adopted, called the "current prices." Contracts were usually made, referring to certain articles as standards of price. Thus, in 1655, it was voted by the Town, "that the pay of the Minister shall be three parts in Wheat and Barley, and the fourth in Indian." In private account books, yet preserved, from 1678 to 1683, wheat is uniformly charged at five shillings the bushel; indian corn, at from two shillings and eight pence, to three shillings and sixpence. In the contract for building the meetinghouse, in 1698, it is agreed to pay "nine hundred pounds, vid. five hundred pounds in money, and four hundred pounds in pay as money." At the same time it was voted-"Barley malt pass at 3. per bushel for the payment of Town debts this pressent year as money, and Indian corn at 3". D°. wheat at 5'. D°. Rye at 3. Do. Oats at 184. D° and pease 4. D." The Hon. Samuel Symonds, in his will, made in 1673, among other bequests gives to his wife "twelve pound per annum, to be paid to her out of my farm, called Argilla, during her natural life to be paid, one half in wheat and malt at the price current among the merchants of Ipswich, the other half in pork and Indian corn." At the conclusion of his will, he adds, "My mind and meaning is, that the legacies here given to my children, shall be paid not in money, according to money, but in such pay as they usually pass from man to man, which is called the current price."

The earliest intimation I find of the actual difference in value of money and "pay," is in a certificate of Philemon Dane and Jacob Foster, who certify that they appraised the estate of Daniel Hovey, "not as money, but as country pay, and that two shillings in money was with ns accounted as good as three shillings in pay, and so passed frequently between men and men." This is dated November 11, 1700.

About this time, the General Court issued "bills of credit," which they loaned to the towns for the purpose of supplying the people with a currency, which being based on no foundation, soon declined in value.

On the settlement of the Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, December 23,

The Pine Tree money, issued by Massachusetts in 1652, was 25 per cent. less in value than the sterling money of England, and gave rise to New England currency.

1726, it was "voted that one hundred and thirty pounds in Bills of Credit be paid to him annually, for the space of three years; and afterwards the sum of one hundred and fifty pounds in Bills of Credit, or in lieu thereof, the like sum in silver money, accounting it at fifteen shillings per ounce; and so to rise or fall in proportion to the value of silver; or pay two thirds of said sum in Barley Malt at six shillings per bushell; Indian Corn at five shillings; Pork at six pence per pound; Butter at twelve pence."

In 1734, the appraisers of the estate of John Baker, Esq., report the prices to be "in proportion to the value of our present paper currency; accounting twenty-four shillings thereof, to be equal, and but equal, to one ounce of silver coin."

"The committee on the affairs of the Rev. Nath. Rogers," 1738, report that "the sum of £279. 4. is an equivalent to the £150, at the time when it was contracted for.' ""

Thus, it appears that the pound currency, in the year 1700, was worth about two dollars and ninety-six cents of our present money. In 1727, it was worth one dollar and forty-eight cents; in 1734, it was worth about ninety-one cents, and in 1738, about seenty-eight cents. It continued to depreciate until it reached what was afterwards called "Old Tenor," which was one tenth of the pound sterling.

By comparing the scale adopted by the Town, in 1698, with the average prices for the last twenty years, it will be found that an ounce of silver coin would at that time purchase twice and a half, or three times as much of the ordinary articles of domestic consumption, such as food and fuel, as it would now. clothing were in the days of our forefathers much dearer than they Articles of now are, yet, when we take into consideration the difference in the habits of society, we shall find that the expenses of dress were much less at that time than they are at present. A lady's dress in those days frequently adorned more than one generation. Mr. Symonds, after specifying in his will, several items of bequest to his eldest daughter, Mrs. Epes, adds, "and if she still desire to have the suit of damask which was the Lady Cheynies, her grandmother, let her have it upon appraisement." the time when her father's will was made, in the fiftieth year of Mrs. Epes was at her age, and the Lady Chaynie's damask, must have survived more generations of beauty, than a lady's dress in our day witnesses changes of the moon. wealth and high social rank, died in 1672. Her will contains the Mrs. Margaret Lake, a lady of following bequest:-"I give unto my daughter Martha Harris my tapestry coverlet & all my other apparell which are not disposed of to others particularly. Also I give unto her my mantle & after her decease to all her children as they need it. Also the coverlet of tapestry after my daughter Martha's decease I give to my grandson Thomas Harris and he dying without issue to his brother John & so to the rest of the children." tory of Mrs. Lake's estate, are "one tapestry coverlet," appraised Among the items in the invenat four pounds; "a sarge sute and a crimson petticoat," two pounds ten shillings; "one scarlet mantle" four pounds.

The revenues of the school during the first period of its history,

were derived from the School Farm, as the land in Chebacco, granted by the Town, was called, which gave fourteen pounds per annum; the little neck," which was leased to John Pengry, in 1680, for sixty years, at a yearly rent of seven pounds, and the "school orchard," which comprised the three acres of land given by Mr. Robert Payne, and Mr. William Hubbard, which with some other small pieces of property, let for about the same rent as the Little Neck, in all about twenty-eight pounds, equivalent, as a means of supporting a family at this time, to about two hundred and fifty dollars.

There is no record of the agreement with Mr. Cheever, as to his compensation; and that with Mr. Andrews, is partly obliterated. It appears, however, from what remains, that there was a stipulated allowance "for every Grammar Scholar " "But for such as are taught to write, cypher or read English, he shall agree with the parents or overseers of y' children what they shall allow yearly otherwise as he shall think meet.'

There is no record of the compensation paid to Mr. Russell, or to Mr. Rogers. Their engagements were probably similar to that made with Mr. Andrews. Mr. Gay was paid fifty pounds, in 1715, and Mr. Crocker sixty pounds, in 1717. In 1720, Mr. Wise was appointed by the selectmen, with a salary of fifty-five pounds "in bills of credit." He seems to have received about the same annual stipend, as long as he continued in the school. Mr. Norton's salary, in 1732, was seventy pounds. Whether it was the same or not, during his whole term of ten years, does not appear. Mr. Staniford received eighty pounds, per year, for four years, and seventyfive pounds, per year, for two years. Mr. Wigglesworth, for the years 1757 and 1758, received for annual salary, twenty-six pounds, thirteen shillings, and four pence, together with "his board at Mr. Samuel Sawyer's, who agreed to board him for seventeen pounds per annum.". In 1759, Mr. Crocker engaged to keep the school for all the rents and annuities," and in 1760, for thirty pounds, three shillings, and seven pence, which amounted to about the same sum. Mr. Noyes, in 1762, had fifty-three pounds, six shillings, and eight pence, "and he board himself." His salary varied from that amount, to forty-six pounds, and probably, consisted of the whole income of the property of the institution. Mr. Burnham, received for the years 1774 and 1775, fifty pounds per year. In 1778, he agreed for one hundred pounds, "if there be a stipulated price agreed to by the State; if not, one hundred and fifty pounds.' In 1780, Mr. Noyes agreed in May, to keep the school three months, at two hundred and forty pounds per month; and in September, agreed to keep three months for one thousand pounds per month. This was when "Continental Money" was the

currency.

We here see a striking illustration of the frauds on property, committed by the State when tampering with the currency. The "school farm" was let, in the year 1650, on a perpetual lease, at an annual rent of "fourteen pounds." This was the pound sterling of England, which represented about four ounces of silver coin, and if honestly paid, the rent would now amount to sixty-two

dollars and twenty-two cents. But as the currency depreciated, the value of the fourteen pounds sunk with it, until in 1780, it was worth no more than one dollar and ten cents; and now, by a trick of the law, it is discharged with forty-six dollars and sixty

seven cents.

The present income derived from the property of the institution, is about three hundred dollars per annum. Of this amount, about two hundred and twenty dollars, besides the land on which the school-house stands, are derived from the donations of the Messrs Paynes, and Mr. Hubbard; about thirty dollars from the donations of Mr. Cross, Mr. Noyes, and Mr. Judah Goodhue, and about fifty dollars from the Grants of the Town."

THE FIRST SETTLERS OF EASTHAM, MASS.

BY DAVID HAMBLEN, Member of the N. E. Historic-Genealogical Society.
[Continued from page 46.]

HENRY ATKINS, - children, Mary, b. March 13, 1647, d. June 15, 1649.
MRS. ANN ATWOOD, d. June 1. probably, 1655.

EDWARD BANGS, in. Rebeckah; chn. Bethiah, b. May 28, 1650; Marcy and Apphia, (twins) b. Oct. 15, 1651; Jonathan, Joshua, John, Rebeckah.

FRANCIS BAKER, M. -; chn. Samuel, b. May 1, 1648; Daniel, b. Sept. 2, 1650. Both of the above b. at Yarmouth.

WILLIAM BROWN, m. Mary Murdock, July 16, 1649; chn. Mary Brown, b. May 14, 1650; George, b. Jany. 16, 1651, at Plymouth; William, b. April 1, 1654, at Plymouth; Samuel, b. March, 1655-6; John, James Mercy. Wm. Brown d. about 1694.

-

;

DANIEL COLE, m. Ruthy -;chn. Thomas Cole, b. ; Hester. JOB COLE, M. chn. Rebeckah, b. Aug. 26, 1654. JOSIAS or JOSIAH COOK, m. Elisabeth; he d. about 1687; chn. Josiah b. Bethiah, m. Joseph Harding. DEA. JOHN DOANE, b. about 1590, d. Feb. 21, 1685-6; m. Abigail; chn. Abigail, b. ; John, Daniel, Ephraim. A daughter m. Samuel Hicks. DANIEL DOANE, m. Hepsibeth Cole; chn. Constant (son), b. March 7,

1669-70.

JOHN FREEMAN, m. Mary Prence, dau. of Gov. Prence, Feb. 13, 1649; chn. John, b. Feb. 2, 1650, d. young; John, b. Dec., 1651; Thomas, b. Sep. 1653; Edmond, b. June - 1657 Marcy, b. July, 1659; Prence, b. Feb. 3, 1665, Nathaniel, b. March 20, 1669. WILLIAM Freeman m. Lydia

about 1686.

RICHARD HIGGINS, m. Mary Yates; chn. William, b. Dec. 15, 1654, probably 1655. Benjamin Higgins d. March 14, 1690-1, aged 51.

GILES HOPKINS, son of Stephen, the Pilgrim, m. Catorne Whelden, Oct. 1639; chn. Mary, b. --, 1640; Stephen, b. Sep., 1642; John, b.——, 1643, d. 1643; Abigail, b. Oct. - 1644; Deborah, b. June, 1648; Caleb, b. Jan., 1650; Ruth, b. June, 1653; Joshua, b. June, 1657; William, b. Jan. 9, 1660; Elisabeth, b. Nov. 1664. d. 1664. Giles Hopkins d. about 1690.

1681;

JOSHUA HOPKINS, son of Giles, m. Mary Cole, dau. of Daniel, May 26, chn. John, b. April 16, 1683-4, d. June 24, 1700; Abigail, b. March 9, 1685-6; Elisha, b. Dec. 17, 1688; Lidia, b. April 1, 1692; Mary, b. Jan. 20, 1694–5; Joshua, b. Feb 20, 1697-8; Hannah, b. March 25, 1700; Phebe, b. March 11,

1702.

STEPHEN HOPKINS, son of Giles, m. Mary Merrich, dau. of William, May 23, 1667; chn. Elisabeth Hopkins, b. June, 1668; Stephen, b. July 15, 1670; Ruth, b. Nov. 1674; Judah, b. Jan.

Nathaniel, b. —, 1684: Joseph, b.
Mary, b. April 15, 1692.

1688; Benjamin, b. Feb.

1677; Samuel, b. March

1682; 1690;