The coal tapped by these two mines is continuous. On the opposite side of Federal Creek, a little northwest of Heyburn Bros & Co.'s mine, in Wickham, Haines and Schuler's mine, the upper bench is thirtyseven inches with a slate streak eight inches from the top, and the lower bench is thirty-eight inches thick with a slate streak thirty inches from the bottom. In fractional section 25, Bern township, the upper bench is forty-five inches, and the lower bench forty-eight inches with two slate streaks, one fourteen inches from the top, and the other five inches from the bottom.

A comparison of the above sections with those of the Long Run coal, shows, that, though separated by a considerable area of barren territory, the conditions under which these coals were formed were identical. In the lower bench in Coulter and Butt's mine, and in Wilson's mine, fractional section 25, Bern township, we have duplicates of the triple structure so characteristic in the Shade Creek field. Additional sections will be given to show that this triple structure is not confined to these two mines in the Federal Creek field.

The thin rider coal, so persistent in the Shade Creek and Long Run fields, is not known north of the Hocking River. In the Federal Creek field, as in the Pomeroy field, its place is occupied by the Pomeroy sandstone. The Federal Creek coal comes above the bed of Federal Creek near the mouth of Big Run in section 18, Rome township. We find it along Federal Creek to section 26, Bern township, where it becomes thin, and along Marietta Run to where it goes under in fractional section 1, Bern township. From section 26, Bern township, to the west along Federal Creek and its southern branches, the coal is not found. In Bern township it comes in again on Sharp's Fork of Federal Creek, near the mouth, and it may be followed to the north.

Section of the coal in Wells's bank, fractional section 34, Bern township:

In N. E. section 29, Bern township, in Gilchrist's bank, the coal has

Here we have, again, the triple structure in the lower bench. To the north along Opossum Run, the upper bench becomes thin and unsteady.

The lower bench is mined in Caris and Edgerton's banks in section 19, Marion township, Morgan county. In Woodyard's bank, N. E. section 25, Marion township, the upper bench is eight inches and the lower bench forty inches.

The coal runs under in fractional section 32, Marion township, but becomes thin before reaching that place. Up Sharp's Fork, from the mouth of Opossum Run, section 29, Bern township, the coal is mined for local use.

The upper bench is quite unsteady. The Ames limestone comes above drainage in section 31, Marion township, and may be followed continuously to the northwest. Near Joy, in S. W. section 32, Marion township, the upper bench of the coal is sixteen inches, the lower bench is thirty-six inches.

In N. W. section 2, Homer township, on the Mansfield Petroleum Company's land, the upper bench is thir, and the lower bench ranges from forty to forty-six inches. A sample from the Mansfield Petroleum Company's bank shows the following composition:

It runs unusually high in ash and sulphur, and low in fixed carbon. To the north, the coal thins out in section 3, Homer township.

In fractional sections 1, 2 and 6, Homer township, both bench es are found in full force.

The following section of the coal was measured in Berry's bank, fractional section 2, Homer township:

A comparison of the sections in the Federal Creek and Long Run

fields show the persistency of the thin slate streak near the top of the upper bench.

The heavy slate band found in the coal on Federal Creek and Long Run is wanting in Homer township. A sample from the lower bench in Hogshead's bank, fractional section 6, Homer township, shows the following composition:

The northern boundary of mineable coal in this part of the field is reached in section 16 and fractional section 4, Homer township. Only the lower bench is found at this limit. To the north, the coal drops to eighteen inches and less.

We have already spoken of the gap in the coal near the mouth of Sharp's Ford, Bern township, and of its extension to the west and south through Ames and Canaan townships.

To the northwest the coal comes in again in sections 11, 12 and 18, where it has been worked for many years to supply Amesville and vicinity.

In Rice's bank, section 11, Ames township, it has the following structure:

Through sections 3, 4 and 5, Ames township, the coal is reported thin or wanting. In the northern part of section 6, on Linscott Run, it is mined. From there we may foliow it to the north into Morgan county. In section 7, Homer township, near where it runs under, it is thirty-three inches thick, with a slate streak eight inches from the bottom. In sections 30 and 36, Ames township, is a small area of the coal surrounded by comparatively barren territory.

In Bodeman & Wolf's bank the upper bench is represented by nine. teen inches of slaty coal, while the lower bench is forty-eight inches thick. In Sears's bank, the upper coal is reported from twelve to eighteen inches thick, the lower bench from forty-eight to sixty inches. In Mason's bank the lower bench is reported forty-two inches.

In southwestern Homer township, Morgan county, the coal is thin or wanting.

From fractional section 31, through fractional sections 36, 18, 17 and 23, and into section 23, Homer township, the coal is mined for local use. Similarly from fractional section 32, through fractional sections 24, 34 and 35, and section 29, one, and often both benches are found in good force. In J. Steffy's bank, section 29, the structure of the coal is as follows:

In Howard's bank, section 29, the structure of the coal is the same as that given above.

On J. Shaner's place, fractional section 35, the upper bench is wanting. The lower bench is reported four feet thick. East of Bishopville is a small outlier of the coal mined for local use.

A sample of the coal from Steffy's bank has the following composition:

The coal thins out in the northern part of Homer township, and

holds thin to the north, through Union township.

CHAPTER XII.

THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT AND BROMINE.

BY W. J. Roor, E. M.

GECGRAPHY.

Ohio is now the third state in the Union in the production of common salt. From the report of the Saginaw Board of Trade, containing therein statistics compiled by the Michigan Salt Association, we secure the following statistics on the production of salt in the United States for 1885.

There was imported from foreign countries, 3,100,000 barrels, making a total consumption in the United States for 1885 of 9,803,900 barrels, equivalent to 2,745,092,000 pounds, or about 50 pounds of salt per capita. Of this vast amount, the Michigan Salt Association alone handled nearly three million barrels, which is nearly one half the total product of the United States and one-third of the total amount of salt consumed.

It is estimated that the product in Ohio the present season will exceed 515,000 barrels, being distributed as follows: