Sec. 18. The rights of property and of action, which have been acquired under the Constitution and the laws of the republic and State, shall not be divested; nor shall any rights or actions which have been divested, barred, or declared null and void by the Constitution of the republic and State, be reinvested, renewed, or reinstated by this Constitution; but the same shall remain precisely in the situation which they were before the adoption of this Constitution, unless otherwise herein provided: And provided further, That no cause of action heretofore barred shall be revived.

Sec. 19. The Legislature shall prescribe by law the qualifications of grand and petit jurors.

Sec. 20. The Legislature shall at its first session enact a law whereby the qualified voters of any county, justice's precinct, town, city (or such subdivision of a county as may be designated by the commissioners' court of said county) may by a majority vote determine from time to time whether the sale of intoxicating liquors shall be prohibited within the prescribed limits.

Sec. 21. All stationery and printing, except proclamations and such printing as may be done at the deaf and dumb asylum, paper and fuel used in the Legislative and other departments of the government, except the judicial department, shall be furnished and the printing and binding of the laws, journals and department reports, and all other printing and binding, and the repairing and furnishing the halls and rooms used for the meetings of the Legislature and its committees, shall be performed under contract, to be given to the lowest responsible bidder, below such maximum price and under such regulations as shall be prescribed by law. No member or officer of any department of the government shall be in any way interested in such contracts; and all such contracts shall be subject to the approval of the Governor, Secretary of State and Comptroller.

Sec. 22. The Legislature shall have the power to pass such fence laws, applicable to any subdivision of the State or counties, as may be needed to meet the wants of the people.

Sec. 23. The Legislature may pass laws for the regulation of live stock, and the protection of stock-raisers in the stockraising portion of the State, and exempt from the operation of such laws other portions, sections or counties; and shall have power to pass general and special laws for the inspection of cattle, stock and hides, and for the regulation of brands: Pro

vided, That any local law thus passed shall be submitted to the freeholders of the section to be affected thereby, and approved by them before it shall go into effect.

Sec. 24. The Legislature shall make provision for laying out and working public roads, for the building of bridges, and for utilizing fines, forfeitures and convict labor to all these purposes. Sec. 25. That all drawbacks and rebatement of insurance, freight, transportation, carriage, wharfage, storage, compressing, baling, repairing, or for any other kind of labor or service, of or to any cotton, grain or any other produce or article of commerce in this State, paid or allowed or contracted for, to any common carrier, shipper, merchant, commission merchant, factor, agent, or middleman of any kind, not the true and absolute owner thereof, are forever prohibited, and it shall be the duty of the Legislature to pass effective laws punishing all persons in this State who pay, receive, or contract for or respecting the same.

Sec. 26. Every person, corporation or company that may commit a homicide, through willful act or omission or gross neglect, shall be responsible in exemplary damages to the surviving husband, wife, heirs of his or her body, or such of them as there may be, without regard to any criminal proceeding that may or may not be had in relation to the homicide.

Sec. 27. In all elections to fill vacancies of office in this State, it shall be to fill the unexpired term only.

Sec. 28. No current wages for personal service shall ever be subject to garnishment.

Sec. 29. The Legislature shall provide by law for defining and punishment barratry.

Sec. 30.

The duration of all offices not fixed by this Constitution shall never exceed two years.

Sec. 31. The Legislature may pass laws prescribing the qualifications of practitioners of medicine in this State, and to punish persons for malpractice, but no preference shall ever be given by law to any schools of medicine.

Sec. 32. The Legislature may provide by law for the estab lishment of a board of health and vital statistics, under such rules and regulations as it may deem proper.

Sec. 33. The accounting officers of this State shall neither draw nor pay a warrant upon the treasury in favor of any person, for salary or compensation as agent, officer or appointee,

who holds at the same time any other office or position of honor, trust or profit, under this State or the United States, except as prescribed in this Constitution.

Sec. 34. The Legislature shall pass laws authorizing the Governor to lease or sell to the government of the United States a sufficient quantity of the public domain of the State necessary for the erection of forts, barracks, arsenals, and military stations or camps, and for other needful military purposes; and the action of the Governor therein shall be subject to the approval of the Legislature.

Sec. 35. The Legislature shall, at its first session, pass laws to protect laborers on public buildings, streets, roads, railroads, canals and other similar public works, against the failure of contractors and subcontractors to pay their current wages when due, and to make the corporation, company or individual for whose benefit the work is done, responsible for their ultimate payment.

Sec. 36. The Legislature shall, at its first session, provide for the payment or funding, as they may deem best, of the amounts found to be justly due to the teachers in the public schools by the State, for service rendered prior to the 1st day of July, 1873, and for the payment by the school districts in the State of amounts justly due teachers of public schools by such district to January, 1876.

Sec. 37. Mechanics, artisans and materialmen, of every class, shall have a lien upon the buildings and articles made or repaired by them, for the value of their labor done thereon, or material furnished therefor; and the Legislature shall provide by law for the speedy and efficient enforcement of said liens.

Sec. 38. The Legislature may, at such time as the public interest may require, provide for the office of commissioner of insurance, statistics and history, whose term of office, duties and salary shall be prescribed by law.

Sec. 39. The Legislature may, from time to time, make appropriations for preserving and perpetuating memorials of the history of Texas, by means of monuments, statues, printings, and documents of historical value.

Sec. 40. No person shall hold or exercise, at the same time, more than one civil office of emolument, except that of justice of the peace, county commissioner, notary public and postmaster, unless otherwise specially provided herein.

Sec. 41. Any person who shall, directly or indirectly offer, give or promise, any money or thing of value, testimonial, privilege or personal advantage, to any executive or judicial officer or member of the Legislature, to influence him in the performance of any of his public or official duties, shall be guilty of bribery, and be punished in such manner as shall be provided by law. And any member of the Legislature, or executive or judicial officer, who shall solicit, demand or receive, or consent to receive, directly or indirectly, for himself or for another, from any company corporation or person, any money, appointment, employment, testimonial, reward, thing of value or employment, or of personal advantage or promise thereof, for his vote or official influence, or for withholding the same, or with any understanding, expressed or implied, that his vote or official action shall be in any way influenced thereby, or who shall solicit, demand and receive any such money or other advantage, matter or thing aforesaid, for another, as the consideration of his vote or official influence, in consideration of the payment or promise of such money, advantage, matter or thing to another, shall be held guilty of bribery, within the meaning of the Constitution, and shall incur the disabilities provided for said offenses, with a forfeiture of the office they may hold, and such other additional punishment as is or shall be provided by law.

Sec. 42. The Legislature may establish an inebriate asylum, for the cure of drunkenness and reform of inebriates.

Sec. 43. No man or set or men shall ever be exempted, relieved or discharged, from the performance of any public duty or service imposed by general law, by any special law. Exemp tions from the performance of such public duty or service shall only be made by general law.

Sec. 44. The Legislature shall prescribe the duties, and provide for the election, by the qualified voters of each county in this State, of a County Treasurer and a County Surveyor, who shall have an office at the county seat, and hold their office for two years, and until their successors are qualified; and shall have such compensation as may be provided by law.

Sec. 45. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to provide for collecting, arranging and safely keeping such records, rolls, correspondence, and other documents, civil and military, relating to the history of Texas, as may be now in the possession of parties willing to confide them to the care and preservation of the State.

Sec. 46. The Legislature shall provide by law for organizing and disciplining the militia of the State, in such manner as they shall deem expedient, not incompatible with the Constitution and the laws of the United States.

Sec. 47. Any person who conscientiously scruples to bear of this Constitution, it is declared that all process and writs of arms, shall not be compelled to do so, but shall pay an equivalent for personal service.

Sec. 48. All laws and parts of laws now in force in the State of Texas, which are not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States or to this Constitution, shall continue and remain in force as the laws of this State, until they expire by their own limitation or shall be amended or repealed by the Legislature.

Sec. 49. The Legislature shall have power, and it shall be its duty, to protect by law from forced sale a certain portion of the personal property of all heads of families, and also of unmarried adults, male and female.

Sec. 50. The homestead of a family shall be, and is hereby protected from forced sale, for the payment of all debts except for the purchase-money thereof, or a part of such purchasemoney, the taxes due thereon, or for work and material used in constructing improvements thereon, and in this last case only when the work and material are contracted for in writing, with the consent of the wife given in the same manner as is required in making a sale and conveyance of the homestead; nor shall the owner, if a married man, sell the homestead without the consent of the wife, given in such manner as may be prescribed by law. No mortgage, trust deed or other lien on the homestead shall ever be valid, except for the purchase-money therefor, or improvements made thereon, as hereinbefore provided, whether such mortgage, or trust deed, or other lien, shall have been created by the husband alone or together with his wife; and all pretended sales of the homestead involving any condition of defeasance shall be void.

Sec. 51. The homestead not in a town or city shall consist of not more than two hundred acres of land, which may be in one or more parcels, with the improvements thereon; the homestead in a city, town or village, shall consist of lot or lots, not to exceed in value five thousand dollars at the time of their designation as the homestead, without reference to the value of any improvements thereon: Provided, That the same shall be