ut an effeminate prince, Enter a Messenger. l-boy, you may over-ame and the prince and real er we like, thou art protect Mess. My honourable lords, health to you all! he holdeth thee in awe, he year to church thoug nd rest your minds in pe is, wait on us. * up our arms, that Henry's dead. ed years, Sad tidings bring I to you out of France, Bed. What say'st thou, man, before dead Henry's corse? Will make him burst his lead and rise from death. Glou. Is Paris lost? is Roan yielded up? If Henry were recall'd to life again These news would cause him once more yield the ghost. Exe. How were they lost? what treachery was us'd? ist ned eyes babes shall Mess. No treachery, but want of men and money. of salt tears, nourish] Ff, Cambridge; ht-] or bright Francis ; or bright Berenice J at Alexander Bullock, C es. Amongst the soldiers this is muttered, 65. is Roan] F 1; and is Roan Ff 2, 3, 4; Rouen Cambridge. She no sooner let it flye, And drew a greate way after it heare." The mention of hair shows that the ghost I invocate invol Compare Richard III. lawful that I invocate: d Locrine, Iv. i: "b thou dost invocate, By: f thy deceased sire." viii. New Eng. Dict glorious star... The See Golding's On: The Epistle, lines 29 to a blazing. ar showes nd immortalitie c ng growes. ines 944-56:nurthred corce of ake eede... Venus starre C house of Rome d, s bodye tooke spryght. 60 65 70 64. lead] the lining or inner shell of the wooden coffin. Compare Beaumont and Fletcher's Knight of Malta, Iv. ii. : "[They remove the coffin, lift Oriana out of it, and then put it back into the monument.] . Mir. Softly good friend; take her into your arms. Nor. Put in the crust again." The "crust here is the lapping of lead mentioned in The Passionate Pilgrim, xxi. 391-95. See too Middleton's A Mad World, my Masters, II. ii.: “let him trap me in gold, and I'll lap him in lead." Without a knowledge of this a passage in The Merchant of Venice, II. vii. 49-51 loses its force. Marlowe gives: "Not lapt in lead but in a sheet of gold" (Tamburlaine, pt. ii., end of Act ii.). "Wrapt in lead," meaning dead, occurs twice in Spenser's Shepheards Calendar (June and October), 1579. 67. cause him yield] For "to" omitted after "cause," compare Greene, George-a-Greene (at the end): "Whose fathers he caus'd murthered in those warres." 70. this is muttered] Grafton has here (i. 562): “the Duke of Bedford openly rebuked the Lordes in generall, because that they in the time of warre, through their privie malice and inwarde grudge, had almost moved the people to warre and commocion, in which time all men should .. serve and dread their soveraigne Lorde King Henry, in performing his conquest in Fraunce, which was in maner brought to conclusion." 18 8 THE FIRST PART O That here you maintain several factions; These tidings would call forth her flowing 76. A third thinks] F 1, Cambridge; A third man think. etc., Craig; a third thinks that Keightley conj. 78. Aw Awake, away F 2. 80, 81. arms of England's coat,] land's coat Cambridge; arms, Of England's coat Pope. Steevens; their Theobald, Cambridge, Craig. 71. maintain ... factions] back up, uphold factions or parties. New Eng. Dict. quotes Hanmer, Chronicle of Ireland (ante 1604): "His three sonnes formerly went into Ireland to maintaine one of the factions." See note, II. iv. 109 below, on factions. A 72. field... dispatch'd] armed force, flower de luce whi Fraunce before thirde" (i. 176). 81. coat] coat of of England's coat "your English co by a foreign mes uses English no manner. The pun be altered from the 83. her flowing flowing tides (Ma alteration of Theo jected. A similar is in Lyly's Endym 85. steeled coat] again in Shakespea of Greene's in A Arragon (line 155) helmes, clap on y Marlowe has "ste burlaine, pt. II. ii. steeled crest" (Wo Hazlitt's Dodsley, "coats of steel," 31 and note. 87, 88. lend... pare Timon of Athe 88. intermissive] New Eng. Dict. has from Ferne's Blazon your steeled coates." teeled crests" (Tam 2); Lodge has" thy ounds of Civil War, , vii. 114). Compare 3 Henry VI. II. i, 160, • eyes to weep] Com ens, v. i. 160. coming at intervals. as an earlier example Exe. The Dauphin crowned king! all fly to him! Bed. Gloucester, why doubt'st thou of my forwardness? Enter another Messenger. Mess. My gracious lords, to add to your laments, 92, 96. Dauphin] Dolphin Ff. 100 105 IIO 94. Reignier] Rowe, etc.; Reynold Ff. 94. doth take] F 1; doth Ff 2, 3, 4; takes Hanmer. 95. flieth to] Ff 1, 2; flieth on Ff 3, 4. 95. side.] Capell; side. Exit. Ff. 108, 145, 157. Mess.] 3 Mess. Ff. on of Gentrie, 1586. 102. Overrun] harried and destroyed by a hostile force. A very old sense but not again in Shakespeare. See below, at "girt," III. i. 171, for Marlowe example. 104. bedew . . . hearse] This expres sion occurs again in 2 Henry IV. iv. V. 114: "the tears that should bedew my hearse." Spenser has "salt teares bedeawd the hearers cheeks" (Faerie Queene, 1. xii. 16). For "dewed with tears," see 2 Henry VI. III. ii. 340. 105. dismal] savage, ferocious, terrible. Compare Macbeth, 1. ii. 53: 'began a dismal conflict." Greene uses the word in this active fighting sense: "When the wild boare is not chafed thou mayst chasten him with a wand, but being once endamaged with the dogges, he is dismoll" (Philomela (Grosart, xi. 150, (ante 1592). This dismal fight was the Battle of Patay. 109. circumstance] details, particulars. 12 10 THE FIRST PART OF Having full scarce six thousand in his troo 112. full] fully, in full, altogether. ... stood still, abiding adversaries. .. T the most part of Herynge and Lente men call the unfor Herynges." The with the events bef It was a surprise. with five thousand n Meum. . . . The Eng forwarde perceyued men, and imagining 115. enrank] place in ranks. Not enemies, commande found earlier. 116. He wanted pikes to set before his archers] The archers carried stakes, or the other footmen carried them for them, to set in the ground before the former to keep off the enemy's horse. A few passages from Grafton's Chronicle (1569) of these wars will illustrate this. "The Duke of Bedford, not ignoraunt howe to order his men, made likewise an entier batayle, and suffered no man to be on horseback and set the archers (every one having a sharpe stake) both in the front of the battayle, and on the sides lyke wings, and behinde the battayle were the pages with the chariottes and cariages, and all the horses were tyed together either with the reins of their bridles or by the tayles" (i. 556, reprint, 1809). This was a "pitched field." The chronicler continues: "The French men at the first sight remembering howe often times in pitched fieldes they had bene overcome... began somewhat to feare. The french horsemen that daye did little service: for the archers so galled their horses, that they desyred not muche to approch their presence.' This battle (Patay) was fought the xxvij day of August, 1425, and was a great victory for the English. And again (p. 578): "Wherefore Sir John Fastolfe and his Companions set all their cōpanie in good order of Battaile, and pitched stakes before every Archer to breake the force of the horsemen. At their backes they set all their wagons and cariages... and in this maner they environe and enclos with their stakes, horsemen came on archers had no leysu in aray. There wa to fight at adventu continued by the s houres. And altho men were overpresse of their adversaries, back one foote, till Lorde Talbot was so backe, and so was were slayne about tv taken xl. Whereof the Lorde Scales, the and Sir Thomas Ra chiefe. . . . From parted without any s John Fastolfe, the valyauntnesse elected the Garter: For whic of Bedford in a great hym the Image of his Garter: but aft of friends, and appa good excuse by him a stored to the order ag minde of the Lord 582, Grafton). It wil lengthy note supplies Fastolfe "without any the three hours' fi wounded sore in th dealt with, as well break the force of th III. i. 103 for Fas again. 116. pikes] The ex g the assault of their This conflict (because of the cariage was en stuffe) the Frenchfortunate battaile of next passage deals efore us in the play. "The lorde Talbote men, was coming to glishe men comming the [French] horse ng to deceyue their All the whole army stood agazed on him. 124. slew] Ff; flew Rowe (ed. 2), Cambridge, Craig. here is needful to explain a line in Greene's Frier Bacon and Frier Bungay (Grosart, xiii. 162) : "But then the stormy threats of war shall cease: The horse shall stampe as carelesse of the pike, Drums shall be turn'd to timbrels of delight.' ded the footemen to se themselues about , but the french so fiercely that the ure to set themselves as no remedie, but ure. This battayle Space of three long ough the Englishe ed with the number Hed yet they never their Captayne the ore wounded at the there s taken... welve hundred, and the Lorde Talbot Lorde Hungerford mpstone were the this battayle de Stroke striken, ST same yere for his into the order of ch cause the Duke anger toke from Saint George, and erward, by meane raunte causes of lleged, he was re ayne, agaynst the Talbot" (page I be seen that this much information. stroke striken, ht, and Talbot e back, are all 130 These pikes ("stakes bound with yron is the stakes to horsemen. See olfe's cowardice act signification 121. valiant Talbot] Grafton's words on Talbot are (p. 574): "This ioly Capteyn & sonne of the valiant Mars which Lord Talbot, beyng both of noble birth and haute courage, after his commyng into Fraunce, obteyned so many glorious victories of hys enimies that his only name was, and yet is, dreadfull to the French nacion, and much renoumed amongst all other people." See notes at I. iv. 42 and II. i. 79. 124. Here, there, and every where] Occurs again in Troilus and Cressida, V. v. 26. Also in the Faerie Queene, III. i. 66:— "Here, there, and everywhere, about Her wrathfull steele." 124. slew] The alteration to" flew used absolutely, is a fine expression. 126. agazed] astounded, amazed. Probably an old form of aghast. New Eng. Dict. gives examples from Chester Plays (c. 1400), and Surrey's Poems, 1557. Surrey affected Chaucerian language. 127. undaunted spirit] See again for these words, III. ii. 99 and v. v. 70. Marlowe uses this in Edward III. (Dyce, p. 184, b): “Th' undaunted spirit of Percy was appeas'd." 128. A Talbot! a Talbot] The name of the leader, coupled with St. George, was the usual battle-cry. So in Graf ton: "And in lyke maner the Duke of Bedford encouraged his people, and foorthwith they gave the onset upon their enimies, crying, Saint George, Bedford" (p. 557). And again (p. 561): "the Englishe men came out by the gate of the towne, cryeng Saint George, Salisburie: and set on their enimies both before and behinde." And again (p. 575): “About sixe of the clock in the morning they issued out of the Castell, cryeng Saint George, Talbot." 129. bowels of the battle] Compare iv. vii. 42 below, and Coriolanus, IV. v. 136. "Bowels of the earth" (1 Henry IV. 1. iii. 61) occurs in Golding's Ovid, i. 156. 130. seal'd up] brought to a determination, made perfect. Compare Greene, Frier Bacon and Frier Bungay (Grosart, xiii. 41): "Then go to bed and seal up your desires." |