A ACCOUNT of the COMMERCE of five distinct classes, viz. 1st, ManuFRANCE with ITALY, PIEDMONT, factures to the value of 30,800,000 SAVOY, and SWITZERLAND. francs. 2dly, Raw materials, and TH THE very name of Italy, in what- those which have undergone a primiever point of view it be regard- tive preparation, such as spun cot ed, creates ideas of grandeur. With ton, destined for Switzerland, the respect to commerce, the mention of whole amounting to 11,800,000 it brings to our minds the maritime francs. 3dly, Produce of the vege powers of Venice and Genoa, their table and animal worlds to the amount opulence and extensive connections 10,700,000 francs. 4thly, Wines with Europe, Africa, and Asia, even and brandies to the value 5.000,000 prior to the discovery of the Cape francs. 5thly, The commodities of the of Good Hope. We once more re- French West Indies, which amount gard the great family of Medicis, their to the sum of 20,000,000 francs. glory, and that of their native place, By the result of this commerce it Florence; in short, our thoughts are would appear, that France, in order to directed to the purest climate and equalize the exchanges between herself most fertile soil in Europe. and those countries, should pay a baThe contiguity of Savoy and Pied- lance, annually, of 3,600,000 francs. mont both to France and Italy, the It will, however, be evident, on facility of communication which re- considering her commercial relations sults from their happy situation in separately with some Italian powers, respect to Switzerland, are combined that the balance against her is even circumstances which lead us to con- more considerable. Thus the two sider collectively the commerce of all Sicilies draw infinitely less from Italy, and of the Thirteen Cantons France than they supply her with, with France, during the two epochs and the only compensation which the placed in parallel. latter may be said to receive results The imports into France from all from her connection with Milan and those countries, at the conclusion of Tuscany, where not only great sales the reign of Louis XIV. amounted of manufactured articles, but also of to the sum of 10,700,000 francs; coffee and sugar are made on the and at the time of the revolution, to part of the French. $2,000,000 francs. This augmenta- The following is a list of the mertion is in the proportion of nearly chandises exported from France for as one is to eight. Italy: Pepper, cinnamon, cloves, The three classes into which these nutmegs, mace, cocoa, ginger, porceimports are divided, are as follow:- lain, Indian calicoes, muslins, cam1st, Manufactures 16,300,000 francs, brics, fine linen, woollen cloths, camsuch as silk ribbons from Padua, lets, serges, Lyonese stuffs, mercery, thick crapes from Bologna, various hardware, millinery, Haerlem and silken stuffs, velvets, &c. from Ge- Flemish white thread, vermillion, noa and Florence, and white and dye woods, madder, copper, brass, printed cottons from Switzerland. iron, lead, pewter, capers, the wines 2dly, Raw materials to the amount of Languedoc and Provence, corn and of 37,400,000 francs, nearly two other grain, the embroidered silken thirds of this sum being for raw silk. 3dly, The produce of the animal and vegetable worlds 28,300,000 francs, of which 11,500,000 are paid for oil, the greater part being imported for the fabrication of soap. stuffs of Lyons and Tours, &c. &c. Besides various silken stuffs &c. peculiar to certain parts of Italy, this country sends to France, dried fruits, such as raisins, figs, almonds, &c. also lemons, limes, anniseed, alum, The exports of France for all the sulphur, steel, rice, manna, amber, aforesaid countries amounted, at the turpentine, cream of tartar, fine end of Louis XIV.'s reign, to lacker, paper, soap, perfumed gloves, 23,100,000 francs; and at the time snuffs of various kinds, essences, white of the revolution, to 78,300,000, marble in blocks, and marble slabs of which exhibits an augmentation in all colours and qualities. proportion as one is to three and a half. France exports for Switzerland, These exports may be divided into corn, hemp, salt of Lorraine and UNIVERSAL MAG, VOL. X. Franche Comté, Burgundy and for in the two last examples, the Champaign wines, linseed oil, oak-tan vowel is mangie, or swallowed up, by of Franche Comté, vegetables, Pro- the vowel beginning the following vence oil, Marseilles soap, saffron, words. honey, almonds, olives, plums, ca Voltaire informs us that their mupers, brandies, liqueurs and syrups sicians are sometimes inconvenienced chiefly from Montpellier, dye woods, by these metrical laws : Lorrain wools, Alsaae tobacco, iron, "Nos rimes feminines, terminées lead, Lyonese silken stockings and toutes par un e muet, font un effet stuffs, hats, Abbeville and Labal très désagréable dans la musique: le cloths, serges &c. of Rheims, milli- chanteur est absolument obligé de pronery from Paris, calmets from Lisle noncer e--u." Mélanges de Litera and Flanders in general, indigo, sugar, tur. See also L'Historie de Louis vitriol, Roman alum, colonial and XIV. Levant coffee, gall nuts and gums, Spanish, Barbarian, and Levant silk, senna and drugs in general, goat and shamoy skins, tobacco from Dunkirk, ticed. &c. &c. If, therefore, the preceding verse of Corneille were set to music, it would produce the effect above no There is also a correspondent in In return, Switzerland sends to your last number, p. 470, who has France, butter, cheese, skins, hides, made a remark on Mr. Hayley's imileather, flax, small quantities of wine tation of Thomson; but he will find from the country of Vaud, clock that David Mallet had already tred, work, toys, jewellery, watches, paper, in the footsteps of that poet, in the especially that sort denominated "the commencement of what he styles fine paper of the arms of Basil," An Essay on Verbal Criticism; in cottons, &c. &c. which he adulates Pope, An immense commerce is carried on between France and Italy by means of the Mediterranean; the merchandises employed in this branch of the trade between the two countries, are exactly similar to those of which we have already given an enumeration. On FEMALE RIMES, DAVID MALLET, &c. &c. SIR, I offer a few remarks that have ocWISH, in the present letter, to curred to me on perusing your last two numbers. There is an inquirer in the Magazine for May, p. 405, concerning female rimes, who is informed that they only take place in the French language, and signify the vowel e, pronounced at the end of their words, with the same sound as that of de. Thus, in the subsequent line of Corneille, Mais ne rejettons pas une esperance vaine, the concluding e is what they term a feminine rhyme, and from this cause it will sometimes happen that a word may possess a varying number of syllables in the same verse: "C'est un homme, qui, ah! un homme, un homme enfir!" Moliere, Tartuffe. « Whose life severely scan'd transcends his lays, For wit supreme is but his second praise." I merely notice this, because every species of coincidence should be traced as high as possible. To the ingenious disquisition of Mr. I am very ready to allow its due comBrewer on the subject of Queen Mary, mendation; but if that Gentleman the life of that princess, according to will consult Ballard, at the article of Qeen Elizabeth, he will perceive that her own belief, was spared at the insought her in marriage, but unsuc tercession of Philip, who afterwards cessfully, which gave rise to his invasion. It is confidently affirmed, that even after that affair she continued to preserve his portrait in her chamber during her life; and were Mary not the doting attachment that she is alinclined to spare the life of her sister, lowed to have entertained for her husband will account for her consent without inferring any remarkable facility of disposition. I mean not, however, to invalidate any other part of Mr. B.'s inquiry. I am, Sir, Your obedient Servant, 1 On the PRONUNCIATION of the LATIN to do with the question, I am at a loss to discover.、 Sir, LANGUAGE. I remain, &c. With respect to the pronunciation I BEG leave to offer some remarks of the vowels, as he appears to allude on an article in your last, signed to some former observations of his, Spa, on the pronunciation of the Latin I cannot perfectly comprehend what language. Your correspondent as his intentions are; so to avoid the serts that g before e and i was pro- imputatation, he has put on F. R. of nounced soft among the Romans, not understanding him, I shall say and in proof of what he has advanced, nothing about them. observes that legiones, magesterium, &c. were written leciones, maceste 5th July, 1808. rium, &c. but these very examples he has adduced, turn out as so many proofs against him: for he ought to know that the Latin c is the Greek **, and consequently legiones was pronounced lekiones; and there is ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL. surely much more similarity between N. E. ANNOTATIONS on the TEXT of : Act V.-Sc. III. lekiones and legiones hard, than be- But we are old; and on our swift'st decrees tween letiones and legiones soft. But Th'inaudible and noiseless foot of time to explam this more fully, I shall Steals ere we can effect them. quote the authority of Mr. John An imitation from Juvenal, 9, 128: Horne Tooke, who in his admirable Diversions of Purley, observes, (vol. Festinat enim decurrere velox 1, page 93,) that c hard or k, is the Flosculus anguste miseræque brevissima same letter as g, and e soft, or s as z, Portio-dum bibimus, dum serta, unguenta, there being in them no difference of puellas, TWELFTH NIGHT. Feed on her damask cheek. articulation, but only a compression Poscimus, obrepit non intellecta senectus. of the larinx in the latter case; and again he says, (vol. 2, page 7,)" It cannot be too often repeated, that in Latin, g should be pronounced as the But let concealment, like a worm i' th' bud, Greek, and c as the Greek . If regere had been pronounced in our Thus, in Tasso's Rinaldo, C. 8. St. 56: manner, i. e. redjere, its past participle would have been redjitum, retchtum, not rectum. And if facere instead of fakere, had been pronounced fassere, its past participle would have Non così rode tarlo arido legno WINTER'S TALE. Grace to boot! been fassitum, jastum, not fakitum, This may signify “Heaven help you!" factem." Now I maintain that on an expression of affected pity, which the the same principle we have every reason to conclude, that if leciones, in- general spirit of the scene will warrant. stead of lekiones, had been pronounced Act II.-Sc. III. lesiones, it would have been lexiones; Her children not her husband's. but finding it legiones, we may rest assured that when written with a c, Apprehending that some demon or mait was pronounced lekiones. The lignant spirit may have imposed on her, same is true of macesterium and in the resemblance of her husband. urbitcius; but what crescentsianus has • Nam k quidem in nultis verbis utendum puto-cum sit a litera, quæ ad omnes vocales vim suam perferat. Quint. Instit. lib. 1. § vii. Now it is self evident that e could not have the force of k without being pronouced as such, MACBETH. -Oh come lieto Mostra negli occhi il cor, e muto esprime Sc. III. -Kind gentlemen, your pains Shakspeare made considerable use of his Upon the sightless couriers of the air; Prythee, peace! I dare do all that may become a man: A sentiment in Aristotle's Ethics, Lib. which are as far from affording real subject of apprehension, as imposture is Sc. VI. Who cannot want the thought, how mon sterous It was in Malcolm and in Donalbain Mr. Malone says, that the lection should And much I need to thank you, if need were. It may be interpreted, "Who is there thoughts: the former of which must be [in attempting account for these recorded, and is finally lost in the strange circumstances] that cannot sug- boundless Eternity, which is neither gest to himself the thought," &c.-From susceptible of human annals, nor of any this thought is inferred the want of pro- conception that finite beings can exert. bability, that the king's son should have esmitted the murder, of which Macbeth had endeavoured to reject upon them the criminality. Act IV. Sc. I. By the pricking of my thumbs ó. This is an ancient superstition. She should have died hereafter: There would have been a time for such word. Macbeth, during his first emotion, ez- The importance of emphasis may be instanced in the following lines of Ben Though blated trees be lodg'd, and corn Jonson; as without it, the second cannot be read for verse: blown down. Ledg'd means strew'd, or made to lie. Like to the summer's corn, by tempest lodg'd."—K. H. VI. I find in Naunton's Fragmenta Regalia, Anno 1694, that Sir Francis Walsingham, while ambassador in France, stayed there a leiger long in the heat of the civil wars :" where it appears to signify "a considerable length of time." Act V.-Sc. III. Can'st thou not minister to a diseas'd? &c. mind From Spenser's Sonn. L. our poet per These possess wealth, as sick men possess fevers, Which trulier may be said to possess them. [To be continued.] Errata in the last.-For Amynta, read Further proofs of the Utility of VINE haps received the hint of these laces. FR See also Theognis, 423: My way of life Is fall'n into the sear, the yellow leaf. Turn preordinance, and first decree Jul. Cæs. Act 3, Sc. 1. Mouth-honor, breath Which the poor heart would fain deny, but dare not! ROM the last number of your Magazine, I find that Mr. Hall, who published Travels in Scotland last year, has pointed out a number of economical uses to which the prunings of the vine may be applied. Since the arrival of the last number of your useful and widely circulating miscellany, I have tried a variety of experiments, and am now convinced that there may much advantage arise to the country from Mr. Hall's experiments. The tea of the vine leaves is by no means disagreeable, though it requires rather more sugar, and the want of flavour is much more than made up by the fine tone it gives the nerves. I took but little of it at first, and but weak; but now I begin to like it, and to feel myself the better for it. The juice of the prunings, when well bruised, you may depend, makes excellent vinegar. Beer The distinction between made of the fermented liquor I have Time and Eternity was in Shakspeare's also tried, which to me appears like "The poor Act V.-Sc. V. rial world. |