of a guarded ventilation, and a regulated temperature; steps essentially requisite to the recovery of sick, to obviate the progress of contagion, and, with other means, ultimately to destroy it. Barns and stables may, by the assistance of the engineer, be easily altered so as to furnish preferable accommodation to either churches or town-halls.

15. From the foregoing observations on hospitals, &c. it will be seen how much of the interior government and economy of these medical establishments depends on the military officer. This Section, it may be thought à priori, has scarcely any thing at all to do with the prevention of diseases, and is that respecting which the soldier is, therefore, but little concerned in the perusal. Nevertheless, it appears that the well-being of our regimental hospitals, and consequently of the troops themselves, is greatly connected with the due observance of regulations, either originating in the Commander himself or depending on him for their efficiency.

We perceive, then, that those parts of this volume which, to a superficial reader, might seem to be remote from my design, are, in fact, very nearly related to it.

12. APPENDIX AND ADDITIONS.

1. To illustrate the application of the tourniquet in stopping a violent bleeding, agreeably to the instructions given on that subject, in the second Section of this work, I have here added several wood-cuts, which will render its uses perfectly intelligible to unprofessional men. The first figure represents the inner side of the right thigh and groin, dissected so far as to shew the situation of the large artery, as it emerges from the belly and passes down over the share-bone. The exact place at which this artery runs over the bone and comes out of the groin, to descend into the thigh, is seen near the upper mark (3), where it may be effectually compressed, although not so easily as in the middle part of the thigh. The two lower marks (3) (3) point out the further course of this bloodvessel, which then obtains the name of femoral artery; and is continued along the inside of the limb, obliquely going down to the ham, in the direction of the pricked lines..

It must be remembered that this sketch. exhibits the naked vessels, laid bare by dissection at the upper parts of the figure. The femoral artery at (3) (3) (3) is seen to arise

from a still higher trunk within the belly, between (1) and (2); it also sends off a very considerable branch, marked (4), which itself gives off a smaller ramification at its origin (5). But these subordinate branches, as well as the veins (6) (6), do not deserve par

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ticular attention, except in the studies of medical men, especially surgeons, who must be acquainted with their situation very exactly.

The most advantageous place for applying the pad or compress of the tourniquet upon the thigh, whenever it can be done, is pointed out by an oblong shaded mark, passing across the top of the pricked lines in this figure; as may likewise be observed in the following representation of an undissected limb.

2. The second figure gives a view of the inner side of the thigh, no higher than the groin, without any dissection of the vessels, &c. The femoral artery is therefore concealed underneath the flesh; but its situation at the top of the limb will be understood by the pricked double line, which is traced from the groin downwards (a) to (c). The other double line (b) to (d) shews the most advantageous part of the limb for passing a circular bandage, or the fillet of the tourniquet, around the thigh; between which likewise, is marked the point of resistance for the cushion or pad, to compress the artery with, as was explained in the description of the former figure. Opposite to the pad, on the outside of the thigh, is to be placed the handle or screw part of the

instrument; and, consequently, whenever Mr. SAVIGNY's tourniquet is used, all the brass-. work is to be placed in the same situation.

Between the hamstrings, at (c), will be observed a dotted line, pointing out the spot. where a large compress may be applied, when it is intended to pass the fillet or circular bandage around the lowermost part of the thigh,