should always be boiled before it be drunk; although it is questioned by some, whether this be a good practice in common.

But when water is offensive in consequence of being long kept, the most effectual and expeditious method of sweetening it is by making air pass through it, or by exposing it to the air in as divided a state as possible. Boiling will not expel the putrid effluvia contained in water; but such is the attraction of air for this offensive matter, that the water need only be thoroughly brought in contact with it to be rendered quite sweet. This is best done either by blowing through it, by inserting the nozzle of common bellows into a tube, or by the machine invented by Mr. Osbridge, a naval officer.

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39. Water is not only injurious as possessing noxious qualities, but also as being imprudently used. Innumerable are the

examples of death being the immediate consequence of taking a copious draught of cold water when the body was heated by exercise. To such accidents no class of men are more liable than the military. After a hot and toilsome march, the mouth parched and full of dust, and the limbs fatigued with exertion,

it requires no small effort of steadiness and resolution to withstand the allurement of a refreshing stream: but let it be remembered that the draught, in such a state, may cause the speedy privation of life.

40. The symptoms, the cure, and prevention of the disorder produced by drinking cold fluids when over-heated, are thus described by Dr. RUSH, of Philadelphia:

"In a few minutes after the patient has swallowed the water, he is affected with a dimness of sight, he staggers in attempting to walk, and, unless supported, falls to the ground; he breathes with difficulty; a rattling is heard in his throat; his nostrils and cheeks expand and contract in every act of respiration; his face appears suffused with blood, and of a livid colour; his extremities become cold, and his pulse imperceptible; and, unless relief is speedily obtained, the disorder terminates in death in four or five minutes.

"Punch, beer, or even grog, drank under the same circumstances as cold water, have all been known to produce the same morbid and fatal effects.

"I know of but one certain remedy for the disease, and that is liquid laudanum

The doses of it, as in other cases of spasm, should be proportioned to the violence of the disease*. From a tea-spoonful to a tablespoonful has been given in some instances,

* Liquid laudanum, or TINCTURE OF OPIUM, is too powerful and dangerous a remedy to be entrusted to the common soldier's management; and ought never to be given but by the hand of a medical man, or some discreet person who knows what he administers. It is impossible to caution my readers against the abuse of opium, without recollecting what has been positively asserted, on the ground of multifarious evidence, that about FIVE

HUNDRED AND EIGHTY SICK AND WOUNDED FRENCH

SOLDIERS were poisoned in the hospital at Jaffa by the exhibition of this drug! How does it happen that daily and credible reports tend to corroborate this notorious allegation, while no kind of evidence is brought forward to refute so atrocious a charge? See the third and seventh Numbers of the LOYALIST, (published, price 3d. by Mr. Hatchard, of Piccadilly) wherein a correspondent has collected the principal facts on which that tale against BONAPARTE is founded. Will no person step forward to remove this infamous stigma? Or, is it impossible to be now discredited? Posterity must determine; and, doubtless, will do it with impartiality. The noble answer of Dr. DESGENETTES, principal physician to the French army in Egypt, on that memorable occasion, ought to be indelibly engraven upon a statue of gold: "Neither my principles, nor the character of my profession, will allow me to become a human butcher; and, General, if such qnalities as you insinuate are neces-sary to form a great man, I thank my God Ido not possess them.”

Where the

before relief has been obtained. powers of life appear to be suddenly suspended, the same remedies should be used, which have been so successfully employed in recovering persons supposed to be dead from drowning." See the Section on CASUALTIES.

"If neither the voice of reason, nor the fatal examples of those who have perished from this cause, are sufficient to produce restraint in drinking a large quantity of cold liquor when the body is preternaturally heated, take the following precautions:

1. "Grasp the vessel out of which you are about to drink, for a minute or longer with both your hands; this will abstract a portion of heat from the body, and at the same time impart it to the cold liquor.

2. "If you are not furnished with a cup, and are obliged to drink by bringing your mouth in contact with a stream which issues from a pump, or a spring, always wash your hands and face, previously to your drinking, with a little of the cold water: by receiving the shock of the water first upon those parts of the body, a portion of the heat is conveyed away, and the vital parts are thereby defended (in a small degree, from the action of the cold."

9. OF INTEMPERANCE AND DISSIPATION.

1. THE habits of the lower classes of people in this country, unfortunately dispose them much to intoxication, whenever opportunity permits them to gratify their inclinations. It is not to be supposed that their morals in this respect will in general be amended by entering into the army. The precariousness and hardships of the military life, render those who are subject to them eager to indulge in every gratification which accident throws in their way; and, of these, drining is the most frequent and fascinating.

2. The prevalence of this vice, though it be at present punished by military discipline, fully proves the difficulty and necessity of eradicating it. The only liquor whose price permits the oldier to use it as a mean of intoxication is ardent spirit, especially gin; and such as is provided by the followers of a camp is usually of the most vile, sophisticated, and pernicious kind. To form a soldier requires much time, labour, and expense: and as there can be no doubt that many of them fall sacrifices to the intemperate use of spirituous li