by being very elaborately and finely ground; where I see not what can be justly pretended for those changes, besides the breaking of their parts into less parts by that contrition. Newton's Opt. 2. Penitence; sorrow for sin : in the strict sense, the sorrow which arises from the desire to please God; distinguished from attrition, or imperfect repentance produced by dread of hell.

What is sorrow and contrition for sin? A being grieved with the conscience of sin, not only that we have thereby incurred such danger, but also that we have so unkindly grieved and provoked so good a God. Hammond's Practical Catechism.

Fruits of more pleasing savour, from thy seed Sown with contrition in his heart, than those Which, his own hand manuring, all the trees Of Paradise could have produc'd. Milton. Your fasting, contrition, and mortification, when the church and state appoints, and that especially in times of greater riot and luxury. Spratt's Sermons. My future days shall be one whole contrition; A chapel will I build with large endowment, Where every day an hundred aged men Shall all hold up their wither'd hands to heav'n.. Dryden. CONTRI VABLE. adj. [from contrive.] Possible to be planned by the mind; possible to be invented and adjusted.

It will hence appear how a perpetual motion may seem easily contrivable. Wilkins' Dedalus. CONTRIVANCE. n. s. [from contrive.] 1. The act of contriving; excogitation; the thing contrived.

There is no work impossible to these contrivances, but there may be as much acted by this art as can be fancied by imagination. Wilkins.

Instructed, you'll explore Divine contrivance, and a God adore. Blackmore. 2. Scheme; plan; disposition of parts or

3.

Let partial spirits still aloud complain, Think themselves injur'd that they cannot reign; And own no liberty, but where they may, Without control, upon their fellows prey. Waller,

He shall feel a force upon himself from with in, and from the control of his own principles, to engage him to do worthily. South,

If the sinner shall win so complete a victory over his conscience, that all those considerations shall be able to strike no terrour into his mind, lay no restraint upon his lusts, no control upon his appetites, he is certainly too strong for the means of grace. South's Sermons.

Speak, what Phoebus has inspir'd thy soul For common good, and speak without control. Dryden's Homer. Power; authority; superintendence. The beasts, the fishes, and the winged fowls, Are their males' subjects, and at their controls. Shakspeare.

To CONTROL. v. a. [from the noun.] 1. To keep under check by a counter reckoning.

2. To govern; to restrain; to subject. Authority to convent, to control, to punish, as far as with excommunication, whomsoever they think worthy. Hooker.

Shaks.

Give me a staff of honour for mine age; But not a sceptre to control the world. Who shall control me for my works? Ecclus. I feel my virtue struggling in my soul; But stronger passion does its pow'r control. Dryden's Aurengzabe.

With this he did a herd of goats control, Which by the way he met, and slily stole; Clad like a country swain he pip'd and sung, And playing drove his jolly troop along. Dryd. O dearest Andrew, says the humble droll, Henceforth may I obey, and thou control. Prior. 3. To overpower; to confute: as, he controlled all the evidence of his adversary.

As for the time while he was in the Tower, and the manner of his brother's death and his own escape, she knew they were things that a very few could control. Bacon's Henry VII, CONTROLLABLE. adj. [from control.] Subject to control; subject to command; subject to be over-ruled. Passion is the drunkenness of the mind, and therefore, in its present workings, not controllable by reason. South. CONTROLLER. n. s. [from control.] One that has the power of governing or restraining; a superintendent.

He does not calm his contumelious spirit, Nor cease to be an arrogant controller.

The great controller of our fate Deign'd to be man, and liv'd in low estate.

Shaks.

Dryden. CONTROLLERSHIP. n.s.[from controller.] The office of a controller. CONTROLMENT. n. s. [from control.] 1. The power or act of superintending or restraining.

2. The state of being restrained; restraint. They made war and peace with one another, without controlment. Davies on Ireland.

3. Opposition; confutation.

Were it reason that we should suffer the same to pass without controlment, in that current meaning whereby every where it prevaileth. Hooker. 4. Resistance; hostility.

Here have we war for war, and blood for blood, Controlment for controlment. Shakspeare. CONTROVERSIAL. adj. [from controversy.] Relating to disputes; dispu tatious.

It happens in controversial discourses as it does in the assaulting of towns; where, if the ground be but firm whereon the batteries are erected, there is no farther enquiry whom it belongs to, so it affords but a fit rise for the present purpose. Locke. CONTROVERSY. n. s. [controversia, Lat.] 1. Dispute; debate; agitation of contrary opinions: a dispute is commonly oral, and a controversy in writing.

How cometh it to pass that we are so rent with mutual contentions, and that the church is so much troubled? If men had been willing to learn, all these controversies might have died the very day they were first brought forth. Hooker. Without controversy, great is the mystery of godliness. 1 Timothy.

Wild controversy then, which long had slept, Into the press from ruin'd cloisters leapt. Denb. This left no room for controversy about the title, nor for encroachment on the right of others. Locke.

2. A suit in law.

If there be a controversy between men, and they come unto judgment, that the judges may judge them, then they shall justify the righteous and condemn the wicked. Deuteronomy.

3. A quarrel.

The Lord hath a controversy with the nations.
Jeremiah.

4. Opposition; enmity. This is an unusual sense.

The torrent roar'd, and we did buffet it With lusty sinews; throwing it aside, And stemming it with hearts of controversy.Shak. To CONTROVERT. v. a. [controverto, Lat.] To debate; to ventilate in opposite books; to dispute any thing in writing.

If any person shall think fit to controvert them, he may do it very safely for me. Cheyne. Hooker seems to use the word controverse, if it be not an erratum.

Persuasion ought to be fully settled in men's hearts, that, in litigations and controversed causes of such quality, the will of God is to have them to do whatsoever the sentence of judicial and final decision shall determine. Hooker. CONTROVERTIBLE. adj. [from controvert.] Disputable; that may be the cause of controversy.

Discoursing of matters dubious, and many controvertible truths, we cannot without arro

gancy intreat a credulity, or implore any farther assent than the probability of our reasons and verity of our experiments. Brown's Valg. Evr. CONTROVERTIST. n. s. [from contrevert.] Disputant; a man versed or engaged in literary wars or disputations. Who can think himself so considerable as not to dread this mighty man of demonstration, this prince of controvertists, this great lord and Tilletion. possessor of first principles? CONTUMA'CIOUS. adj. [contumax, Lat.] Obstinate; perverse; stubborn; inflexible.

He is in law said to be a contumacious person, who, on his appearance, afterwards departs the court without leave. Ayliffe's Parergen.

There is another very efficacious method for subduing of the most obstinate contumacions sinner, and bringing him into the obedience of the faith of Christ. Hammond's Fundamentals. CONTUMACIOUSLY.adv. from contuma cious.] Obstinately; stubbornly; inflexibly; preversely. CONTUMA'CIOUSNESS. n. s. [from contumacious.] Obstinacy; perverseness; inflexibility; stubbornness.

From the description I have given of it, a judgment may be given of the difficulty and cas tumaciousness of cure. Wiseman. CONTUMACY. n. s. [from contumacia, Latin.]

1. Obstinacy; perverseness; stubbornness; inflexibility.

Such acts

Of contumacy will provoke the Highest
To make death in us live.

Milten. 2. [In law.] A wilful contempt and disobedience to any lawful summons or judicial order. Ayliffe's Parergon. These certificates do only, in the generality, mention the party's contumacies and disobedience. Ayliffe's Parerg. CONTUME LIOUS. adj. [contumeliosus,Lat.] 1. Reproachful; rude; sarcastick; contemptuous.

With scoffs and scorns, and contumelious taunts, In open market-place produc'd they me To be a publick spectacle.

Shakspeart. In all the quarrels and tumults at Rome, though the people frequently proceeded to rude contumelious language, yet no blood was ever drawn in any popular commotions, till the time of the Gracchi. Swift.

2. Inclined to utter reproach or practise insults; brutal; rude.

There is yet another sort of contumelions per sons who indeed are not chargeable with that circumstance of ill employing their wit; for they use none of it. Government of the Tongue. Giving our holy virgins to the stain Of contumelious, beastly, madbrain'd war. Shaky. 3. Productive of reproach; shameful; ignominious.

As it is in the highest degree injurious to them, so is it contumelious to him. Decay of Piety. CONTUME'LIOUSLY, adv. [from contumelicus.] Reproachfully; contemptuously; rudely.

The people are not wont to take so great offence, when they are excluded from honours and offices, as when their persons are contum liously trodden upon. Hooker.

Fie, lords! that you, being supreme magis

trates,

Thus contumeliously should break the peace. Sták.

CONTUME LIOUSNESS. n. s. [from contumelious.] Rudeness; reproach. CONTUMELY. n. s. [contumelia, Lat.] Rudeness; contemptuousness; bitterness of language; reproach.

If the helm of chief government be in the hands of a few of the wealthiest, then laws, providing for continuance thereof, must make the punishment of contumely and wrong, offered unto any of the common sort, sharp and grievous, that so the evil may be prevented. Hooker.

Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,

The pang of despis'd love, the law's delay. Shakspeare's Hamlet. It was undervalued and depressed with some bitterness and contumay. Clarendon. Why should any man be troubled at the contumelies of those, whose judgment deserves not to be valued? Tillotson. Eternal contumely attend that guilty title,which claims exemption from thought, and arrogates to its wearers the prerogative of brutes. Addison. To CONTU'SE. v. a. [contusus, Latin.] 1. To beat together; to bruise.

Of their roots, barks, and seeds, contused together, and mingled with other earth, and well watered with warm water, there came forth herbs much like the other. Bacon.

2. To bruise the flesh without a breach of the continuity.

The ligature contuses the lips in cutting them, so that they require to be digested before they

can unite.

Wiseman.

CONTUSION. n. s. [from contusio.]
1. The act of beating or bruising.
2. The state of being beaten or bruised.

Take a piece of glass, and reduce it to powder; it acquiring by contusion a multitude of minute surfaces, from a diaphanous, degenerates into a white body. Boyle on Colours. 3. A bruise; a compression of the fibres, distinguished from a wound.

to cure.

That winter lion, who in rage forgets Aged contusions, and all bruise of time. Sbaks. The bones, in sharp colds, wax brittle; and all contusions, in hard weather, are more difficult Bacon. CONVALESCENCE.) n. s. [from conva CONVALESCENCY. S lesco, Lat.] Renewal of health; recovery from a disease. Being in a place out of the reach of any alarm, she recovered her spirits to a reasonable conva lescence. Clarendon. CONVALE'SCENT. adj. [convalescens, Latin.] Recovering; returning to a state of health. CONVENABLE. adj. [convenable, French.] 1. Consistent with; agreeable to; accordant to. Not in use.

He is so meek, wise, and merciable, And with his word his work is convenable. Spenser's Pastorals.

2. That may be convened. To CONVE'NE. v. n. [convenio, Latin] 1. To come together; to associate; to unite.

The fire separates the aqueous parts from the others wherewith they were blended in the concrete, and brings them into the receiver, where they convene into a liquor. Boyle.

In short-sighted men, whose eyes are too plump, the refraction being too great, the rays converge and convene in the eyes before they come at the bottom. Newton's Optick?.

2. To assemble for any publick purpose. There are settled periods of their convening, or a liberty left to the prince for convoking the legislature. Locke,

To CONVE'NE. V. a.

1. To call together; to assemble; to convoke.

No man was better pleased with the convening of this parliament than myself. King Charles. All the factious and schismatical people would frequently, as well in the night as the day, convene themselves by the sound of a bell. Clarend And now th' almighty father of the gods Convenes a council in the blest abodes. Pope.

2. To summon judicially.

By the papal canon law, clerks, in criminal and civil causes, cannot be convened before any but an ecclesiastical judge. Ayliffe. CONVENIENCE. Įn. S. [convenientia, CONVENIENCY. Latin.]

1. Fitness: propriety.

Conveniency is, when a thing or action is so fitted to the circumstances, and the circumstances to it, that thereby it becomes a thing convenient. Perkins.

In things not commanded of God, yet lawful because permitted, the question is, what light shall shew us the conveniency which one hath above another? Hooker.

2. Commodiousness; ease; freedom from difficulties.

A man putting all his pleasures into one, is like a traveller's putting all his goods into one jewel; the value is the same, and the convenience greater. South's Sermons. Every man must want something for the conveniency of his life, for which he must be obliged "to others. Calamy's Sermons. There is another convenience in this method during your waiting. Swift.

3. Cause of ease; accommodation.

If it have not such a convenience, voyages must be very uncomfortable. Wilkins' Math.Magick.

A man alters his mind as the work proceeds; and will have this or that convenience more, of which he had not thought when he began. Dryd.

There was a pair of spectacles, a pocket perspective, and several other little conveniencies, I did not think myself bound in honour to discoSwift's Gulliver's Travels.

ver.

4. Fitness of time or place. Use no farther means; But, with all brief and plain conveniency, Let me have judgment. Sbaks. Mer of Venice. CONVENIENT. adj. [conveniens, Lat.] 1. Fit; suitable; proper; well adapted ; commodious.

The least and most trivial episodes, or under actions, are either necessary or convenient: either so necessary, that without them the poem must be imperfect; or so convenient that no others can be imagined more suitable to the place in which they are. Dryd. Dedic, to the Æneid. Health itself is but a kind of temper, gotten and preserved by a convenient mixture of contrarieties. Arbuthnot on Aliments.

2. It has either to or for before the follow

ing noun: perhaps it ought generally to have for before persons, and to before things.

Give me neither poverty nor riches, feed me with food convenient for me. Proverbs. There are some arts that are peculiarly conve nient to some particular nations. Tillotson. CONVENIENTLY.adv.[from convenient.] 1. Commodiously; without difficulty.

I this morning know

Where we shall find him most conveniently. Shak. 2. Fitly; with proper adaptation of part to part, or of the whole to the effect proposed.

It would be worth the experiment to inquire, whether or no a sailing chariot might be more conveniently framed with moveable sails, whose force may be impressed from their motion, equivalent to those in a wind-mill. Wilkins. CONVENT. n. s. [conventus, Latin.] 1. An assembly of religious persons; a body of monks or nuns.

He came to Leicester;

Lodg'd in the abbey, where the reverend abbot, With all his convent, honourably receiv'd him. Shakspeare. 2. A religious house; an abbey; a monastery; a nunnery.

One seldom finds in Italy a spot of ground more agreeable than ordinary, that is not covered with a convent, Addison. To CONVENT. v. a. [convenio, Latin.] To call before a judge or judicature. He with his oath

By all probation will make up full clear,
Whenever he 's convented.

Shakspeare. They sent forth their precepts to attach men, and convent them before themselves at private houses. Bacon's Henry VII. CONVE'NTICLE. n,s. [conventiculum,Lat.] 1. An assembly; a meeting.

siness.

They are commanded to abstain from all conventicles of men whatsoever; even, out of the church, to have nothing to do with publick bu Ayliffe's Parergon. . An assembly for worship. Generally used in an ill sense, including heresy or schism.

It behoveth, that the place where God shall be served by the whole church be a publick place; for the avoiding of privy conventicles, which, covered with pretence of religion, may serve unto dangerous practices. Hooker.

Who, far from steeples and their sacred sound, In fields their sullen conventicles found. Dryden.

A sort of men, who are content to be stiled of the church of England, who perhaps attend its service in the morning, and go with their wives to a conventicle in the afternoon. Swift. 3. A secret assembly; an assembly where conspiracies are formed.

Ay, all of you have laid your heads together (Myself had notice of your conventicles), And all to make away my guiltless life. Shaks. 4. An assembly, in contempt.

If he revoked this plea too, 't was because he found the expected council was dwindling into a conventick; a packed assembly of Italian bishops, not a free convention of fathers from all quarters. Atterbury. CONVENTICLER. n, s. [from conventicle.] One that supports or frequents private

and unlawful assemblies.

Another crop is too like to follow; nay, I fear, it is unavoidable, if the conventiclers be permitted still to scatter. Dryden. CONVENTION. n. s. [conventio, Latin.] 1. The act of coming together; union; coalition; junction.

They are to be reckoned amongst the most general affections of the conventions, or associa tions, of several particles of matter into bodies of any certain denomination, Boyle a. An assembly,

Publick conventions are liable to all the fre mities, follies, and vices, of private men. Steif 3. A contract; an agreement for a time, previous to a definitive treaty.

CONVENTIONAL

A L. adj. [from convention.] Stipulated; agreed on by compact. Conventional services, reserved by tenures upon grants made out of the crown, or knights service. Hali.

CONVENTIONARY. adj. [from conver tion. Acting upon contract; settled by stipulations.

The ordinary covenants of most conventionary tenants are, to pay due capon and due harvest journeys. Carew's Survy CONVENTUAL. adj. [conventuel, Fr.] Belonging to a convent; monastick.

Those are called conventual priors, that have CONVENTUAL. n. 5. [from convent.] A the chief ruling power over a monastery. Aylif monk; a nun; one that lives in a convent.

I have read a sermon of a conventual, who laid it down, that Adam could not laugh before the fall. Addison's Sperlater. To CONVERGE. v. n. [convergo, Lat.] To tend to one point from different places.

Where the rays from all the points of any ob ject meet again, after they have been made to Converge by reflexion or refraction, there they will make a picture of the obiect upon a white body. Newton's Optics.

Ensweeping first

The lower skies, they all at once converge High to the crown of heaven. CONVERGENT. adj. (from converge.] CONVERGING. Tending to one point from differents parts.

CONVERGING Series. See SERIES. CONVERSABLE. adj. [from converse. It is sometimes written conversible, but improperly; conversant, conversation, coa• versable. Qualified for conversation; fit for company; well adapted to the reciprocal communication of thoughts; communicative.

That fire and levity which makes the young scarce conversible, when tempered by years makes a gay old age. Adrien CONVERSABLENESS. n. s. [from center sable. The quality of being a pleasing companion; fluency of talk. CONVERSABLY.adv.[from conversabk.] In a conversable manner; with the qualities of a pleasing communicative companion.

1.

CONVERSANT. adj. [conversant, Fr.] Acquainted with; having a knowledge of any thing acquired by familiarity and habitude; familiar with in.

:

The learning and skill which he had by being conversant in their books. Hooker,

Let them make some towns near to the mounttain's side, where they may dwell together with neighbours, and be conversant in the view of the world. Spenert

Those who are conversant in both the tongues, I leave to make their own judgment of it. Dry He uses the different dialects as one who Ead been conversant with them all. Pepl 2. Having intercourse with any; acquainte

Joshua. Shaks.

ed; familiar by cohabitation or fellowship; cohabiting: with among or with. All that Moses commanded, Joshua read before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them. Never to be infected with delight, Nor conversant with ease and idleness. Old men who have loved young company, and been conversant continually with them, have been of long life. Bacon. Gabriel, this day by proof thou shalt behold, Thou, and all angels conversant on earth With man, or men's affairs, how I begin To verify that solemn message.

Milton. To such a one, an ordinary coffeehouse gleaner of the city is an arrant statesman; and as much superiour too, as a man conversant about Whitehall and the court is to an ordinary shopkeeper.

Locke.

1. To cohabit with; to hold intercourse with; to be a companion to: followed by with.

By approving the sentiments of a person with whom he conversed, in such particulars as we're just, he won him over from those points in which he was mistaken. Addison For him who lonely loves To seek the distant hills, and there converse With nature. Thomson's Summer 2. To be acquainted with; to be familiar to action.

I will converse with iron-witted fools, And unrespective boys: none are for me, That look into me with considerate eyes. Shak.

Men then come to be furnished with fewer or more simple ideas from without, according as the objects they converse with afford greater or less variety. Locke

talk.

If any think education, because it is conver sant about children, to be but a private and domestick duty, he has been ignorantly bred himself. Wotton on Education.

Discretion, considered both as an accomplishment and as a virtue, not only as conversant about worldly affairs, but as regarding our whole exist

ence.

Addison's Spectator.

Indifference cannot but be criminal, when it is conversant about objects which are so far from being of an indifferent nature, that they are of the highest importance to ourselves and our country. Addison's Freeholder. CONVERSATION. n. s. [conversatio, Lat.] 1. Familiar discourse; chat; easy talk: opposed to a formal conference.

She went to Pamela's chamber, meaning to joy her thoughts with the sweet conversation of her sister. Sidney.

What I mentioned some time ago in conversation, was not a new thought, just then started by accident or occasion. Swift.

2. A particular act of discoursing upon any subject: as, we had a long conversation on that question.

3. Commerce; intercourse; familiarity.

The knowledge of men and manners, the freedom of habitudes, and conversation with the best company.

Dryden.

His apparent, open guilt; I mean his conversation with Shore's wife. Shak. 4. Behaviour; manner of acting in common life.

Having your conversation honest among the Gentiles. 1 Peter.

3. Practical habits; knowledge by long acquaintance.

I set down, out of long experience in business and much conversation in books, what I thought pertinent to this business. Bacon.

By experience and conversation with these bodies, a man may be enabled to give a near conjecture at the metallic ingredients of any mass. Woodward.

CONVERSATIVE, adj. [from converse.] Relating to publick life, and commerce with men; not contemplative.

Finding him little studious and contemplative, she chose to enduz him with conversative quali ties of youth. Wotton.

To CONVERSE. v, n. [converser, Fr. 49nversor, Lat.]

Go, therefore; half this day, as friend with friend,

Converse with Adam.

Milton Par. Lost. Much less can bird with beast, or fish with fowl So well converse. Milton's Paradise Lost. 4. To discourse familiarly upon any subject with on before the thing.

We had conversed so often on that subject, and he had communicated his thoughts of it so fully to me, that I had not the least remaining difficulty. Dryden's Dufresnoy.

5. To have commerce with a different sex. Being asked by some of her sex, in how long a time a woman might be allowed to pray to the gods, after having conversed with a man? If it were a husband, says she, the next day; if a stranger, never. Guardian..

CONVERSE. n. s. [from the verb. It is sometimes accented on the first syllable, sometimes on the last, Pope has used both the first is more analogical.] 1. Conversation; manner of discoursing in familiar life.

His converse is a system fit Alone to fill up all her wit.

Swift.

Gen'rous converse, a soul exempt from pride, And love to praise with reason on his side. Pope Form'd by thy converse, happily to steer From grave to gay, from lively to severe. Pope 2.Acquaintance; cohabitation; familiarity.

Though it be necessitated, by its relation to flesh, to a terrestrial converse; yet it is, like the sun, without contaminating its beams. Glanville.

By such a free converse with persons of different sects, we shall find that there are persons of good sense and virtue, persons of piety and worth. Watts on the Mind.

3. In geometry. [from conversus.]

A proposition is said to be the converse of another, when, after drawing a conclusion from something first proposed, we proceed to suppose what had been before concluded, and to draw from it what had been supposed. Thus, if two sides of a triangle be equal, the angles opposite to those sides are also equal: the converse of the proposition is, that if two angles of a triangle he equal, the sides opposite to those angles are also equal. Chambers CONVERSELY.adv.[from converse.] With change of order; in a contrary order; reciprocally.

CONVERSIÓN, n. s. [conversio, Latin.] 1. Change from one state into another; transmutation.

Artificial conversion of water into ice, is the