Thou, with rebel insolence, didst dare To own and to protect that hoary ruffian;. And, in despite even of thy father's justice, To stir the factious rabble up to arms. 3. Act of malice; act of opposition. His punishment eternal misery,

Rove.

It would be all his solace and revenge, As a despite done against the Most High, Thee once to gain companion of his woe. Milt. To DESPITE. v. a. [from the noun.] To vex; to offend; to disappoint; to give uneasiness to.

Saturn, with his wife Rhea, fled by night; setting the town on fire, to despite Bacchus. Raleigh. DESPITEFUL. adj. [despite and full.] Malicious; full of spleen; full of hate; malignant; mischievous: used both of persons and things.

I, his despiteful Juno, sent him forth
From courtly friends with camping foes to live,
Where death and danger dog the heels of worth
Shakspears
Preserve us from the hands of our despitef
King Charle

and deadly enemies.
Meanwhile the heinous and despiteful act
Of Satan, done in Paradise, was known
In heav'n.

Milta.

DESPITEFULLY, adv. [from despitefu.] Maliciously; malignantly.

Pray for them that despitefully use you nd Mattbr. persecute you. DESPITEFULNESS. n. s. [from despteful.] Malice; hate; malignity. Let us examine him with despitefulness ind torture, that we know his meekness, and PDve his patience. Wisom. DESPITEOUS. adj. [from despite.] Malicious; furious. Out of use.

The knight of the red-cross, when him he spied

Spurring so hot with rage despiteous, 'Gan fairly couch his spear.

Fairy Quen. Turning despiteous torture out of door.

Shakspare. DESPITEOUSLY. adv. [from despiteots.] In a furious manner. Not in use. The mortal steel despiteously entail'd Deep in their flesh, quite thro' the iron walls, That a large purple stream adown their giambeaux falls. Spenser.

2.

It is every man's duty to labour in his calling, and not to despond for any miscarriages or disappointments that were not in his own power to L'Estrange

prevent.

There is no surer remedy for superstitious and desponding weakness, than first to govern ourselves by the best improvement of that reason which providence has given us for a guide; and then, when we have done our own parts, to commit all chearfully, for the rest, to the good pleasure of heaven, with trust and resignation. L'Estrange.

Physick is their bane: a The learned leaches in despair depart, And shake their heads, desponding of their art. Dryden.

Others depress their own minds, despond at the first difficulty; and conclude, that making any progress in knowledge, farther than serves their ordinary business, is above their capacities.

Locke.

[In theology.] To lose hope of the divine mercy.

He considers what is the natural tendency of such a virtue, or such a vice: he is well apprized that the representation of some of these things may convince the understanding, some may terrify the conscience, some may allure the slothful, and some encourage the desponding mind.

Watts.

DESPONDENCY. n. s. [from despondent.] Despair; hopelessness; desperation. DESPONDENT. adj. [despondens, Latin.] Despairing; hopeless; without hope.

It is well known, both from ancient and modern experience, that the very boldest atheists, out of their debauches and company, when they chance to be surprised with solitude or sickness, are the most suspicious, timorous, and despondent wretches in the world. Bentley Congregated thrushes, linnets, sit On the dead tree, a dull despondent flock.

Thomson.

To DESPONSATE. v. a. [desponso, Lat.] To betroth; to affiance; to unite by reciprocal promises of marriage.

DESPONSATION, n. s. [from desponsate.] The act of betrothing persons to each

DE'SPOT. n. s. [or] An absolute prince; one that governs with unlimit

In all its directions of the inferior facultes, reason conveyed its suggestions with clearness, and enjoined them with power: it had the pssions in perfect subjection; though its command over them was but persuasive and political, yet it had the force of coactive and despotical. Sout,

We may see in a neighbouring governmerr the ill consequences of having a despotick prince for notwithstanding there is vast extent of lands, and many of them better than those of the Swis and Grisons, the common people among the latter are in a much better situation. Addison Patriots were forced to give way to the mad ness of the people, who were now wholly ben upon single and despotick slavery. Swift DESPO'TICALNESS. n. s. [from despoti. cal.] Absolute authority. DE'SPOTISM. n. s. [despotisme, French; from despot.] Absolute power. To DESPU'MATE. v. n. [despumo, Lat.] To throw off parts in foam; to froth; to work.

DESPUMA'TION. n. s. [from despumate.] The act of throwing off excrementitious parts in scum or foam. DESQUAMA'TION. n. s. [from squama, Lat.] The act of scaling foul bones. A term of chirurgery. DESSERT. n. s. [desserte, French.] The last course at an entertainment; the fruit or sweetmeats set on the table after the meat.

To give thee all thy due, thou hast the art To make a supper with a fine dessert. Dryden. At your dessert bright pewter comes too late, When your first course was well serv'd up in plate. King. To DE'STINATE. v. a. [destino, Lat.] To design for any particular end or purpose.

Birds are destinated to fly among the branches of trees and bushes. Ray, DESTINATION. n. s. [from destinate.] The purpose for which any thing is appointed; the ultimate design.

The passages through which spirits are con veyed to the members, being alinost infinite, and each of them drawn through so many meanders, it is wonderful that they should perform their regular destinations without losing their way.

Glanville.

There is a great variety of apprehensions and fancies of men, in the destination and applica tion of things to several ends and uses. Hale TO DE'STINE. v. a. [destino, Latin.] 1. To doom; to devote; to appoint un alterably to any state or condition. Wherefore cease we then?

Say they who counsel war: we are decreed, Reserv'd, and destin'd, to eternal woe; Whatever doing, what can we suffer more? Milton,

May heav'n around this destin'd head The choicest of its curses shed.

To fix unalterably.

Priore

3.

He said, dear daughter, rightly may I rue The fall of famous children born of me; But who can turn the stream of destiny, Or break the chain of strong necessity, Which fast is ty'd to Jove's eternal seat? Fairy Queen. How can hearts, not free, be tried whether they serve

Willing or no; who will but what they must By destiny, and can no other chuse ? Milton

Had thy great destiny but given thee skill To know, at well as pow'r to act, her will.

Chance, or forceful destiny, Which forms in causes first whate'er shall be. Dryden, Doom; condition in future time. At the pit of Acheron Met me i' th' morning; thither he Will come to know his destiny. Shakspeare DE'STITUTE. adj. [destitutus, Latin..} . Forsaken; abandoned: with of

To forsake the true God of heaven, is to fal into all such evils upon the face of the earth. men, either destitute of grace divine, may con mit, or unprotected from above, may endure. 2 Abject; friendless.

Hooker

He will regard the prayer of the destitute, and not despise their prayer. Palma

3 In want of.
Take the destin'd way
To find the regions destitute of day.

Nothing can be a greater instance of the love that mankind has for liberty, than such a savage mountain covered with people, and the Campa nia of Rome, which lies in the same country, destitute of inhabitants. IESTITUTION. n. s. [from destitute.] Want; the state in which something is wanted: applied to persons.

That destitution in food and cloathing is such an impediment, as, till it be removed, suffereth not the mind of man to admit any other care. Hocker.

They which want furtherance unto knowledge, are not left in so great destitution that justly any man should think the ordinary means of eternal life taken from them. Hooker

The order of paying the debts of contract or restitution, is set down by the civil laws of 4 kingdom: in destitution or want of such rules, we are to observe the necessity of the credes, the time of the delay, and the special obliga tions of friendship.

- DESTROY. v. a. [destruo, Lat. destruire, French.]

To overturn a city; to raze a building to ruin.

The Lord will destroy this city.

Genesis.

To lay waste; to make desolate. Solyman sent his army, which burnt and detroyed the country villages. Knolles. To kill.

A people, great and many, and tall as the Anakims; but the Lord destroyed them before them, and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead. Deuteronomy. 'Tis safer to be that which we destroy, Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy.

Shakspeare. The wise Providence hath placed a certain antipathy between some animals and many insects, whereby they delight in their destruction hough they use them not as food: as the peacock destroys snakes and adders; the weasel, nice and rats; spiders, flies; and some sorts of ies destroy spiders.

Hale. To put an end to; to bring to nought. Do we not see that slothful, intemperate, and ncontinent persons, destroy their bodies with disases, their reputations with disgrace, and their Faculties with want? Bentley. There will be as many sovereigns as fathers; he mother too hath her title: which destroys the Locke. overeignty of one supreme monarch. ESTROYER. n. s. [from destroy.] The person that destroys or lays waste; a murderer.

It is said, that Assur both founded it and

ruined it: it may be understood, that Assur the Founder was the son of Shem, and Assur the destroyer was an Assyrian. Raleigh. Triumph, to be styl'd great conquerors, Patrons of mankind, gods, and sons of gods! Destroyers rightlier call'd, and slayers of men. Milton. Yet, guiltless too, this bright destroyer lives; At random wounds, nor knows the wound she gives. Pope. ESTRUCTIBLE. adj. [from destruo, Lat.] Liable to destruction. ESTRUCTIBILITY. n. s. [from destructible.] Liableness to destruction. ESTRUCTION. n. s. [destructio, Latin.] The act of destroying; subversion; demolition.

In a firm building, even the cavities ought not to be filled with rubbish, which is of a perishable kind, destructive to the strength. Dryden.

Excess of cold, as well as heat, pains us; because it is equally destructive to that temper which is necessary to the preservation of life. Locke. DESTRUCTIVELY. adv. [from destruc tive.] Ruinously; mischievously; with` power to destroy.

What remains but to breathe out Moses's wish? O that men were not so destructively foolish! Decay of Piety. DESTRUCTIVENESS. n. s. [from destructive.] The quality of destroying or ruining.

The vice of professors exceeds the destructive ness of the most hostile assaults, as intestine treachery is more ruinous than foreign violence. Decay of Piety. DESTRUCTOR. n. s. [from destroy. Destroyer; consumer.

Helmont wittily calls fire the destructor, and the artificial death, of things. Boyle. DESUDA'TION. n. s. [desudatio, Latin.T A profuse and inordinate sweating, from what cause soever. DE'SUETUDE. n. s. [desuetudo, Lat.] Cessation from being accustomed; discontinuance of practice or habit.

By the irruption of numerous armies of berbarous people, those countries were quickly fallen off, with barbarism and desuctuds, from their former civility and knowledge. Hale.

versant.

We see in all things how desuetude does contract and narrow our faculties, so that we can apprehend only those things wherein we are conGovernment of the Tongue. DE'SULTORY. adj. [desultorius, Lat.] DESULTORIOUS. 5 Roving from thing to thing; unsettled; immethodical; unconstant. Desultorious is not in use.. 'T is not for a desultory thought to atone for a lewd course of life; nor for any thing but the superinducing of a virtuous habit upon a vicious one, to qualify an effectual conversion.

L'Estrange.

Let but the least trifle cross his way, and his desultorious fancy presently takes the scent, leaves the unfinished and half-mangled notion, and skips away in pursuit of the new game. Norris. Take my desultory thoughts in their native order, as they rise in my mind, without being reduced to rules, and marshalled according to Felton on the Glasticks. To DESU ME. v. a. [desumo, Lat.] To take from any thing; to borrow.

art.

This pebble doth suppose, as pre-existent to it, the more simple matter out of which it is de sumed, the heat and influence of the sun, and Hale. the due preparation of the matter, 3 H

They have left us relations suitable to those of Ælian and Pliny, whence they desumed their

narrations.

Brown. Laws, if convenient and useful, are never the worse though they be desumed and taken from Hale. the laws of other countries. To DETA'CH. v. a. [detacher, Fr.] 1 To separate; to disengage; to part from something;

The heat takes along with it a sort of vegetative and terrestrial matter, which it detaches from the uppermost stratum. Woodward.

The several parts of it are detached one from the other, and yet join again one cannot tell how. Pope. 2. To send out part of a greater body of men on an expedition.

If ten men are in war with forty, and the latter detach only an equal number to the engagement, what benefit do they receive from their superiority? Addison. DETACHMENT. n. s. [from detach.] A body of troops sent out from the main army.

The czar dispatched instructions to send out detachments of his cavalry, to prevent the king of Sweden's joining his army. Tatler,

Besides materials, which are brute and blind, Did not this work require a knowing mind, Who for the task should fit detachments chuse From all the atoms? Blackmore. TO DETAIL. v. a. [detailler, Fr.] relate particularly; to particularize; to display minutely and distinctly.

To

They will perceive the mistakes of these philosophers; and be able to answer their arguments, without my being obliged to detail them. Cheyne. DETAIL. n. s. [detail, Fr.] A minute and particular account.

I chuse, rather than trouble the reader with a detail here, to defer them to their proper place. Woodward.

I was unable to treat this part of my subject more in detail, without becoming dry and redi

ous.

To DETAIN. v. a. [detineo, Lat.] 1. To keep what belongs to another.

Pope.

Detain not the wages of the hireling; for every degree of detention of it beyond the time, is injustice and uncharitableness. 2. To withhold; to keep back.. These doings sting him

Taylor.

So venomously, that burning shame detains him From his Cordelia. Shakspeare.

He has described the passion of Calypso, and the indecent advances she made to detain him •from his country.

3. To restrain from departure.

Broome.

Let us detain thee until we shall have made ready a kid. Judges. Had Orpheus sung it in the nether sphere, So much the hymn had pleas'd the tyrant's ear, The wife had been detain'd to keep her husband there. Dryden.

4. To hold in custody. DETA'INDER. n. s. [from detain.] The name of a writ for holding one in cus-tody.

DETAINER. n. s. [from detain.] He that holds back any one's right; he that detains any thing.

Judge of the obligation that lies upon all sorts of injurious persons; the sacrilegious, the detainers of tithes, and cheaters of men's inheriTayler.

tances.

To DETE'CT. v. a. [detectus, Lat.] 1. To discover; to find out any crime or artifice.

There's no true lover in the forest; else sighing every minute, and groaning every hour, would detect the lazy foot of time as well as a clock. Shakspeare. Though I should hold my peace, yet thou Wouldst easily detect what I conceal.

2. To discover in general.

Milton.

The utmost infinite ramifications and inosculations of all the several sorts of vessels may easily be detected by glasses.

Ray DETECTER. n. s. [from detect.] A discoverer; one that finds out what another desires to hide.

Oh, heavens! that this treason were not; or not I the detecter. Shakspeare. Hypocrisy has a secret hatred of its defecter; that which will bring it to a test which it cannot pass. Deray of Picty. DETECTION. n. s. [from detect.] 1. Discovery of guilt or fraud, or any other fault.

Should I come to her with any detection in my hand, I could drive her then from the ward of her purity. Shakspeare.

That is a sign of the true evangelical zeal, and note for the detection of its contrary: it should abound more in the mild and good-natured affections, than in the vehement and wrathful passions. Spratt

Detection of the incoherence of loose discourses was wholly owing to the syllogistical form. Locke, 2. Discovery of any thing hidden.

Not only the sea, but rivers and rains also, are instrumental to the detection of amber, and other fossils, by washing away the earth and dirt that Woodward, concealed them.

DETENTION. n. s. [from detain.] 1. The act of keeping what belongs to

Beauty or unbecomingness are of more force to draw or deter imitation, than any discourses which can be made to them. Lockt.

The ladies may not be deterred from corre sponding with me by this method. Adfu

My own face deters me from my glass; And Kneller only shews what Celia was. Priar. To DETERGE. v. a. [detergo, Latin.] To cleanse a sore; to purge any part from feculence or obstructions.

Consider the part and habit of body, and add or diminish your simples as you design to deterge or incarn. Wiseman.

Sea salt preserves bodies, through which it passeth, from corruption; and it detergeth the vessels, and keeps the fluids from putrefaction. Ar blathnet.

DETERGENT. adj. [from deterge.] That has the power of cleansing.

The food ought to be nourishing and detergent. Arbuthnot. DETERIORATION. n. s. [from deterior, Lat.] The act of making any thing worse; the state of growing worse. DETE'RMENT. n. s. [from deter.] Cause of discouragement; that by which one is deterred. A good word, but not now used.

This will not be thought a discouragement unto spirits, which endeavour to advantage nature by art; nor will the ill success of some be made a sufficient determent unto others. Brotun: These are not all the determents that opposed my obeying you. Boyle. DETERMINABLE. adj. [from determine.] That may be certainly decided.

Whether all plants have seeds, were more easily determinable, if we could conclude concerning harts-tongue, ferne, and some others.

Brown's Vulgar Erreurs. About this matter, which seems so easily determinable by sense, accurate and sober men widely disagree. Boyle. To DETERMINATE. V. a. [determiner, French.] To limit; to fix; to determine; to terminate. Not in use. The fly-slow hours shall not determinate The dateless limit of thy dear exile. Shakspeare. DETERMINATE. adj. [determinatus, Lat.] 1. Settled; definite; determined.

Demonstrations in numbers, if they are not more evident and exact than in extension, yet they are more general in their use, and determinate in their application. Locke.

To make all the planets move about the sun in circular orbs, there must be given to each, by a determinate impulse, those present particular degrees of velocity which they now have, in proportion to their distances from the sun, and to the quantity of the solar matter. Bentley. 2. Established; settled by rule; positive. Scriptures are read before the time of divine service, and without either choice or stint appointed by any determinate order. Hooker. 3. Decisive; conclusive.

I' th' progress of this business,
Ere a determinate resolution, he,

I mean the bishop, did require a respite. Shak. 4. Fixed; resolute.

Like men disused in a long peace, inore determinate to do than skilful how to do. Sidney. 5. Resolved.

My determinate voyage is mere extravagancy. Shakspeare. DETERMINATELY. adv. [from determinate.]

1. Resdutely; with fixed resolve.

The queen obeyed the king's commandment, full of aging agonies, and determinately bent that she would seek all loving means to win Zelmane. Sidney.

In those errors they are so determinately settled, that they pay unto falsity the whole sum of whatsoever love is owing unto God's truth. Hooker.

2. Certainly; unchangeably.

Think this with yourselves: that you have not the makag of things true or false; but that the truth and existence of things is already fixed and settled, and that the principles of religion are already either determinately true or false before you think of them. Tillotson,

.

you no more.

They have acquainted me with their deter mination; which is to go home, and to trouble Shakspeare. The proper acts of the intellect are intellec tion, deliberation, and determination or decision. Hale's Origin of Mankind.

It is much disputed by divines, concerning the power of man's will to good and evil in the state of innocence; and upon very nice and dangerous precipices stand their determinations South. on either side.

Consult thy judgment, affections, and inclinations, and make thy determination upon every particular; and be always as suspicious of thyCalamy. self as possible.

3. Judicial decision.

He confined the knowledge of governing to justice and lenity, and to the speedy determinaGulliver. tion of civil and criminal causes. DETERMINATIVE. adj. [from determinate.]

1. That uncontrollably directs to a certain end.

That individual action, which is justly punished as sinful in us, cannot proceed from the special influence and determinative power of a just Bramball against Hobbes.

cause.

2. That makes a limitation.

If the term added to make up the complex subject does not necessarily or constantly belong to it, then it is determinative, and limits the subject to a particular part of its extension; as, Every pious man shall be happy. DETERMINATOR. n. s. [from determinate.] One who determines.

Waits.

They have recourse unto the great determinar tor of virginity, conceptions, fertility, and the inscrutable infirmities of the whole body. Brown.

To DETERMINE. v. a. [determiner, Fr. determino, Lat.]

1. To fix; to settle.

Is it concluded he shall be protector? -It is determin'd, not concluded yet; But so it must be, if the king miscarry. Shaksp. More particularly to determine the proper season for grammar, I do not see how it can be made a study but as an introduction to rhetorick. Locke.

2. To conclude; to fix ultimately.

3.

Probability, in the nature of it, supposes that a thing may or may not be so, for any thing that yet appears, or is certainly determined, on the other side. South. Milton's subject was still greater than Homer's or Virgil's: it does not determine the fate of single persons or nations, but of a whole species. Addison.

Destruction hangs on every word we speak, On every thought; till the concluding stroke Determines all, and closes our design. Addison. To bound; to confine.

The knowledge of men hitherto hath been determined by the view or sight; so that whatsoever is invisible, either in respect of the fineness of the body itself, or the smallness of the