I am as dull as winter starved sheep, Sidney. 4. The vehicle in which criminals are carried to execution. The squire, whose good grace was to open scene, the Now fitted the halter, now travers'd the cart, And often took leave, but was loth to depart. Prior To CART. v. a. [from the noun.] To expose in a cart, by way of punishment. Democritus ne'er laugh'd so loud, To see bawds carted through the crowd. Hudib. She to intrigues was e'en hard-hearted; Prior. To CART. v. n. To use carts for carriage. Oxen are not so good for draught, where you have occasion to cart much, but for winter ploughing. Mortimer. CART-HORSE. n.s. [from cart and horse.] A coarse unwieldy horse, fit only for the cart. It was determined, that these sick and wounded soldiers should be carried upon the cart-horses. Knolles. CART-JADE. n. s. [from cart and jade.] A vile horse, fit only for the cart. He came out with all his clowns, horsed upon such cart-jades, so furnished, I thought if that were thrift, I wished none of my friends or subSidney. jects ever to thrive. CART-LOAD. n. s. [from cart and load.} 1. A quantity of any thing piled on a cart. A cart-load of carrots appeared of darker colour, when looked upon where the points were obverted to the eye, than where the sides were Boyle. So. Let Wood and his accomplices travel about a country with cart-loads of their ware, and see who will take it. Swift. 2. A quantity sufficient to load a cart. CART-ROPE. n. s. [from cart and rope.] A strong cord used to fasten the load on the carriage: proverbially any thick cord. CART-WAY. n.s. [from cart and way.] A way through which a carriage may conveniently travel. Where your woods are large, it is best to have a cart-way along the middle of them. Mortimer. CARTE BLANCHE. [French.] A blank paper; a paper to be filled up with such conditions as the person to whom it is sent thinks proper. CAʼRTEL. n. s. [cartel, Fr. cartello, Ital.] 1. A writing containing, for the most part, stipulations between enemies. As this discord among the sisterhood is likely to engage them in a long and lingering war, it is the more necessary that there should be a cartel settled among them. Addison's Freeholder. 2. Anciently any publick paper. They flatly disavouch To yield him more obedience, or support; And as to perjur'd duke of Lancaster, Their cartel of defiance they prefer. Daniel's Civil War. The Divine goodness never fails, provided that, according to the advice of Hercules to the carter, we put our own shoulders to the work. L'Estrang Carter and host confronted face to face. Dryd It is the prudence of a carter to put balls upon his horses, to make them carry their burdens cheerfully. Dryden's Dufresney. CARTILAGE. n. s. [cartilago, Latin.] A smooth and solid body, softer than a bone, but harder than a ligament. In it are no cavities or cells for containing of marrow; nor is it covered over with any membrane to make it sensible, as the bones are. The cartilages have a natural elasticity, by which, if they are forced from their natural figure or situation, they return to it of themselves, as soon as that force is taken away. Quincy. Canals, by degrees, are abolished, and grow solid; several of them united grow a membrane; these membranes further consolidated become cartilages, and cartilages bones. Arbuthnet. CARTILAGINEOUS. Į n. s. [from carti CARTILAGINOUS. lage.] Consist ing of cartilages. By what artifice the cartilagineous kind of fishes poise themselves, ascend and descend at pleasure, and continue in what depth of water they list, is as yet unknown. Rey. The larynx gives passage to the breath, and, as the breath passeth through the rimula, makes a vibration of those cartilaginous bodies, which forms that breath into a vocal sound or voice. Holder's Elements of Speech. CARTOON. n.s. [cartone, Ital.] A painting or drawing upon large paper. It is with a vulgar idea that the world beholds the cartoons of Raphael, and every one feels his share of pleasure and entertainment. -Watts. CARTOUCH. n. s. [cartouche, French.] 1. A case of wood three inches thick at the bottom, girt round with marlin, and holding forty-eight musket balls, and six or eight iron balls of a pound weight. It is fired out of a hobit or small mortar, and is proper for defending a pass. Harris. 2. A portable box for charges. CA'RTRAGE. CARTRIDGE. } n. s. [cartouche, Fr.] A case of paper or parch ment filled with gunpowder, used for the greater expedition in charging guns. Our monarch stands in person by, His new-cast cannons firmness to explore; The strength of big-corn'd powder loves to CAR 1. To cut wood, or stone, or other matter, into elegant forms. Taking the very refuse, he hath carved it diligently when he had nothing else to do. Wisdom. Had Democrates really carved mount Athos into a statue of Alexander the Great, and had the memory of the fact been obliterated by some accident, who could afterwards have proved it impossible, but that it might casually have been? Bentley. 2. To cut meat at the table. 3. To make any thing by carving or cutting. Yet fearing idleness, the nurse of ill, 4. To engrave. Dryden. O Rosalind, these trees shall be my books, And in their barks my thoughts I'll character; That every eye, which in this forest looks, Shall see thy virtue witness'd every where. Run, run, Orlando, carve on every tree The fair, the chaste, the unexpressive she. Shakspeare. 5. To distribute; to apportion; to provide at will. He had been a keeper of his flocks both from the violence of robbers and his own soldiers, who could easily have carved themselves their own South. food. How dares sinful dust and ashes invade the prerogative of Providence, and carve out to himself the seasons and issues of life and death? South. To CARVE. V. n. I do mean to make love to Ford's wife: I spy entertainment in her; she discourses, she carves, she gives the leer of invitation. Shaksp. Well then, things handsomely were serv'd;" My mistress for the strangers carv'd. CA'RVEL. n. s. A small ship. any Prior. Indians I gave them order, if they found there, to send in the little fly-boat, or the carvel, into the river; for, with our great ships, we durst not approach the coast. CARVER. n. s. [from curve.] 1. A sculptor. We are not the carvers of our own fortunes. L'Estrange CARVING. N. s. [from carve.] Sculpture; figures carved. They can no more last like the ancients, than excellent carvings in wood like those in marble and brass. Temple. The lids are ivy, grapes in clusters lurk Beneath the carving of the curious work. Dryd CARU'NCLE. n. s. [caruncula, Lat.] A small protuberance of flesh, either natural or morbid. Caruncles are a sort of loose flesh arising in the urethra by the erosion made by virulent acid Wiseman. matter. CARYATES. CARYA'TIDES. Š n. s. [from Carya, a city taken by the Greeks, who led away the women captives; and, to perpetuate their slavery, represented them in buildings as charged with burdens.] An order of columns or pilasters, under the figures of women dressed in long robes, serving to support Chambers. entablatures. CASCA'DE. n. s. [cascade, Fr. cascata, Ital. from cascare, to fall.] A cataract ; a waterfall. Rivers diverted from their native course, The river Tiverone throws itself down a precipice, and falls by several cascades from one rock to another, till it gains the bottom of the valley. Addison. CASE. n. s. [caisse, Fr. a box.] Heart, once be stronger than thy continent, Each thought was visible that roll'd within, seen. Other caterpillars produced maggots, that immediately made themselves up in cases. Ray. The body is but a case to this vehicle. Broome. Just then Clarissa drew, with tempting grace, A two-edg'd weapon from her shining case. Pope. 2. The outer part of a house or building. The case of the holy house is nobly designed, and executed by great masters. Addison on Italy. 3. A building unfurnished. He had a purpose likewise to raise, in the university, a fair case for books, and to furnish it with choice collections from all parts, at his own Wotton. charge. All arts and artists Theseus could command, Dryden. The king always acts with a great case-knife stuck in his girdle; which the lady snatches from him in the struggle, and so defends herself. Addison on Italy. CASE-SHOT. 7. s. [from case and shot.] Bullets enclosed in a case. In each seven small brass and leather guns, Clarendon. charged with case-shot. CASE. n. s. [casus, Lat.] 1. Condition with regard to outward cir These that have it attain'd were in like case, Quoth he, as wretched, and liv'd in like pain. Fairy Queen. Question your royal thoughts: make the case yours; Be now a father, and propose a son. Shakspeare. And all had heard the much lamented case. Dryd. My youth may be made, as it never fails in Pope. executions, a case of compassion. 2. State of things. He saith, that if there can be found such an inequality between man and man, as between man and beast, or between soul and body, it investeth a right of government; which seemeth rather an impossible case, than an untrue sen tence. Bacon. Here was the case; an army of English, wasted and tired with a long winter's siege, engaged an army of a greater number than themselves, fresh and in vigour. Bacon. I can but be a slave wherever I am; so that taken or not taken, 't is all a case to me. L'Estrange. They are excellent in order to certain ends; he hath no need to use them, as the case now stands, being provided for with the provision of an angel. Taylor's Holy Living. Your parents did not produce you much into the world, whereby you have fewer ill impressions; but they failed, as is generally the case, in too much neglecting to cultivate your mind. Swift. 3. [In physick.] State of the body; state of the disease. It was well; for we had rather met with calm's and contrary winds, than any tempests; for our Bacon. sick were many, and in very ill case. Chalybeate water seems to be a proper remedy in hypochondriacal cases. Arbuthnot on Aliments. 4. History of a disease. 5. State of a legal question. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers cases: so every defect of the mind may have a special receipt. Bacon. 6. In ludicrous language, condition with regard to leanness or fat. In case is, lusty or fat. Thou lyest, most ignorant monster, I am in case to justle a constable. Shakspeare's Tempest. Pray have but patience till then, and when I am in little better case, I'll throw myself in the very mouth of you. L'Estrange. Quoth Ralph, I should not, if I were In case for action, now be here. Hudibras. For if the sire be faint, or out of case, The priest was pretty well in case, Dryd. Swift. The atheist, in case things should fall out contrary to his belief or expectation, hath made no provision for this case; if, contrary to his conddence, it should prove in the issue that there is a God, the man is lost and undone for ever. Tillots. 8 Question relating to particular persons or things. gase. Well do I find each man most wise in his own Sidney. It is strange, that the ancient fathers should not appeal to this judge, in all cases, it being so short and expedite a way for the ending of con troversies. Tillotson. 9. Representation of any fact or question. 10. The variation of nouns. The several changes which the noun undergoes in the Latin and Greek tongues, in the several numbers, are called cases, and are designed to express the several views or relations under which the mind considers things with regard to one another; and the variation of the noun for this purpose is called declension. Clarke's Lat. Grammar, 11. In case. [in caso, Ital.] If it should happen; upon the supposition that: a form of speech now little used. For in case it be certain, hard it cannot be for them to shew us where we shall find it; that we may say these were the orders of the apostles. Hooker. A sure retreat to his forces, in case they should have an ill day, or unlucky chance in the field. Bacon's Henry VII. This would be the accomplishment of their common felicity, in case, either by their evil destiny or advice, they suffered not the occasion to be lost. Hayward. To CASE. v. a. [from the noun.] 1. To put in a case or cover. Caseye, case ye; on with your vizours; there's money of the king's coming down the hill. Shakspeare's Henry W. The cry went once for thee; Then comes my fit again; I had else been As broad and gen'ral as the casing air. Shaks. 3. To cover on the outside with materials different from the inside. 4. Then they began to case their houses with marble. To strip off the covering; to take off the skin. We'll make you some sport with the fox ere we case him. Shakspeart. To CASE. v. n. To put cases; to contrive representations of facts: a ludicrous use. tions before him. They fell presently to reasoning and caring upon the matter with him, and laying distine L'Estrange To CASEHA'RDEN. v. a. [from case and harden.] To harden on the outside. The manner of casebardening is thus: Take cow-horn or hoof, dry it thoroughly in an oven, then beat it to powder; put about the same quantity of bay salt to it, and mingle them to gether, with stale chamberlye, or else white wine vinegar. Lay some of this mixture upon loam, and cover your iron all over with it; then wrap the loam about all, and lay it upon the hearth of the forge to dry and harden, Put it into the fire, and blow up the coals to it, till the whole lump have just a blood-red heat. Moxon's Mechan. Exercises. CA'SEMATE. n. s. [from casa armata, Ital. casamata, Span. a vault formerly made to separate the platforms of the lower and upper batteries.] 1. [In fortification.] A kind of vault or arch of stone work, in that part of the CAS flank of a bastion next the curtin, somewhat retired or drawn back towards the capital of the bastion, serving as a battery to defend the face of the opposite bastion, and the moat or ditch. Chambers. 2. The well, with its several subterraneous branches, dug in the passage of the bastion, till the miner is heard at work, Harris. and air given to the mine. CA'SEMENT. n. s. [casamento, Ital.] A window opening upon hinges. Why, then may you have a casement of the great chamber window, where we play, open, and the moon may shine in at the casement. Shakspeare's Midsummer Night's Dream. Here in this world they do much knowledge read, And are the casements which admit most light. They, waken'd with the noise, did fly Hudibras. There is as much difference between the clear representations of the understanding then, and the obscure discoveries that it makes now, as there is between the prospect of a casement and South. a key-hole. CA'SEOUS. adj. [caseus, Lat.] Resembling cheese; cheesy. Its fibrous parts are from the caseous parts of the chyle. Floyer on the Humours. CA'SERN. n. s. [caserne, Fr.] A little room or lodgement erected between the rampart and the houses of fortified towns, to serve as apartments or lodgings for the soldiers of the garrison, Harris. with beds. CA'SEWORM. n.s. [from case and worm.] A grub that makes itself a case. Cadises, or caservorms, are to be found in this nation, in several distinct counties, and in several little brooks. Floyer. CASH. n. s. [caisse, Fr. a chest.] Money; properly ready money; money in the chest, or at hand. A thief, bent to unhoard the cash Of some rich burgher. Paradise Lost, He is at an end of all his cash, he has both his law and his daily bread now upon trust. Arbuthnot's John Bull. He sent the thief, that stole the cash, away, And punish'd him that put it in his way. Pope. CA'SH-KEEPER. n. s. [from cash and keep.] A man entrusted with the money. Dispensator was properly a cash-keeper, or Arbuthnot on Coins. privy-purse. CA'SHEWNUT. n. s. A tree that bears nuts, not with shells, but husks. Miller. CASHIER. 7. s. [from cash.] He that has charge of the money. If a steward or cashier be suffered to run on, without bringing him to a reckoning, such a sottish forbearance will teach him to shuffle. South. A Venetian, finding his son's expences grow very high, ordered his cashier to let him have no more money than what be should count when Locke. he received it. Flight of cashiers, or mobs, he 'll never mind; And knows no losses, while the muse is kind. Pope. To CASHIER. v. a. [casser, French; cas“ sare, Latin.] 1. To discard; to dismiss from a post, or a society, with reproach. Does 't not go well? Cassio hath beaten thee, And thou by that small hurt hast cashier'd Cassio. Shakspeare. Seconds in factions many times prove principals; but many times also they prove cyphers, Bacon. and are cashiered. If I had omitted what he said, his thoughts and words being thus cashiered in my hands, he Dryden. had no longer been Lucretius. They have already cashiered several of their followers as mutineers. Addison's Freeholder. The ruling rogue, who dreads to be cashier'd, Swift. Contrives, as he is hated, to be fear'd. 2. It seems, in the following passages, to signify the same as to annul; to vacate: which is sufficiently agreeable to the derivation. If we should find a father corrupting his son, or a mother her daughter, we must charge this upon a peculiar anomaly and baseness of nature; if the name of nature may be allowed to that which seems to be utter cashiering of it, and deviation from, and a contradiction to, the comSouth. mon principles of humanity. Some cashier, or at least endeavour to invalidate, all other arguments, and forbid us to hearken to those proofs, as weak or fallacious. Locke. CASK. n.s. [casque, French; cadus, Latin.] 1. A barrel; a wooden vessel to stop up liquor or provisions. The patient turning himself abed, it makes a fluctuating kind of noise, like the rumbling of Harvey. water in a cask. Perhaps to-morrow he may change his wine, And drink old sparkling Albán, or Setine; Whose title, and whose age, with mould o'ergrown, The good old cask for ever keeps unknown. Dryden. 2. It has cask in a kind of plural sense, to signify the commodity or provision of casks. cast away. Great inconveniencies grow by the bad cask being commonly so ill seasoned and conditioned, as that a great part of the beer is ever lost and Raleigh. CASK. n. s. [casque, Fr. cassis, Lat.] CASQUE. S A helmet; armour for the head: a poetical word. Let thy blows, doubly redoubled, And these Shakspeare. Sling weighty stones, when from afar they fight; Why does he load with darts CA'SKET. n. s. [a diminutive of caisse, a chest, Fr. casse, cassette.] A small box They found him dead, and cast into the streets; O ignorant poor man! what dost thou bear Gg 2 What jewels and what riches hast thou there! What heav'nly treasure in so weak a chest! Davies. Mine eye hath found that sad sepulchral rock, That was the casket of heav'n's richest store. Milton. That had by chance pack'd up his choicest treasure In one dear casket, and sav'd only that. Otway. This casket India's glowing gems unlocks, And all Arabia breathes from yonder box. Pope. To CA'SKET. v. a. [from the noun.] To put in a casket. I have writ my letters, casketed my treasuré, and given order for our horses. Shakspeare. CASSAMUNA'IR. n. s. An aromatick vegetable, being a species of galangal, brought from the East, a nervous and stomachick simple. Quincy. To CA'SSATE. v. a. [casser, Fr. cassare, low Lat] To vacate; to invalidate; to make void; to nullify. This opinion supersedes and cassates the best medium we have. Ray on the Creation. CASSA'TION. n. s. [cassatio, Lat.] A making null or void. Dict. It is cultivated in all the warm parts of America, where the root, after being divested of its milky juice, is ground to fiour, and then made into cakes of bread. Of this there are two sorts. The most common has purplish stalks, with the veins and leaves of a purplish colour; but the stalks of the other are green, and the leaves of a lighter green. The last sort is not venomous, even when the roots are fresh and full of juice; which the negroes frequently dig up, roast, and eat, like potatoes, without any ill effects. Miller. CA'SSAWARE. See CASSIOWARY. CA'SSIA. 2. s. A sweet spice mentioned by Moses, Ex. XXX. 24. as an ingredi ent in the composition of the holy oil, which was to be made use of in the consecration of the sacred vessels of the tabernacle. This aromatick is said to be the bark of a tree very like cinnamon, and grows in the Indies without being cultivated. Calmet. All thy garments smell of myrrh, aloes, and cassia. CA'SSIA. n. s. Psalms. The name of a tree. It hath a cylindrical, long, taper, or flat pod, divided into many cells by transverse diaphragms; in each of which is contained one hard seed, lodged, for the most part, in a clammy black substance, which is purgative. The flowers have five leaves, disposed orbicularly. Miller. CA'SSIDONY, or Stickadore. n. s. [stoechas, Lat.] The name of a plant. CA'SSIOWARY. n. s. A large bird of prey in the East Indies. I have a clear idea of the relation of dam and chick, between the two cassiowaries in St. James's Park. Locke. CA'SSOCK. n. s. [casaque, Fr.] A close garment; now generally that which clergymen wear under their gowns. Half dare not shake the snow from off their cassocks, lest they shake themselves to pieces. Shakspeare. His scanty salary compelled him to run deep in debt for a new gown and cassock; and now and then forced him to write some paper of wit or humour, or preach a sermon for ten shillings, to supply his necessities.. Swift. CA'ss WEED. n. s. A common weed, otherwise called shepherd's pouch. To CAST. v. a. pret. cast; part. pass. cast. [kaster, Danish.] This is a word of multifarious and indefinite use. 1. To throw with the hand. I rather chuse to endure the wounds of those darts which envy casteth at novelty, than to go on safely and sleepily in the easy ways of ancient mistakings. Raleigh. They had compassed in his host, and cast daite at the people from morning till evening. 1 Mac. Then cast thy sword away, And yield thee to my mercy, or I strike. Dryd. 2. To throw away, as useless or noxious. If thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee. Matthew. They let down the boat into the sea, as though they would have cast anchor. 10. To throw dice, or lots. Acts. And Joshua cast lots for them in Shiloh. Jasb. II. To throw, in wrestling. And I think, being too strong for him, though he took my legs sometime, yet I made a shift to cast him. Shakspeare. 12. To throw, as worthless or hateful. His carcase was cast in the way. Chronicles. His friends contend to embalm his body; his enemies, that they may cast it to the dogs. Pope. 13. To drive by violence of weather. Howbeit we must be cast upon a certain island. Acts. What length of lands, what ocean, have you pass'd; What storms sustain'd, and on what shore been cast? Dryden. 14. To emit. This fumes off in the calcination of the stone, and casts a sulphureous smell. Woodward. 15. To bring suddenly, or unexpectedly. Content themselves with that which the irremediable error of former time, or the necessity of the present, hath cast upon them. Hooker. 16. To build by throwing up earth; to raise. And shooting in the earth, casts up a mount of The king of Assyria shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shield, nor cast a bank against it. 2 Kings. At length Barbarossa having cast up his trenches, landed fifty-four pieces of artillery for battery. Knolles's History. Earth-worms will come forth, and moles will east up more, and fleas bite more, against rain. Bacon's Natural Histery, |