BROIDERY. n. s. [from broider.] Embroidery; flower-work; additional ornaments wrought upon cloth. The golden broidery tender Milkah wove, The breast to Kenna sacred, and to love, Lie rent and mangled.. Tickel. BROIL. n. s. [brouiller, Fr.} A tumult; a quarrel. Say to the king thy knowledge of the broil, As thou didst leave it. Shakspeare. He has sent the sword both of civil broils, and public war, amongst us. Wake. Rude were their revels, and obscene their joys; The broils of drunkards, and the lust of boys. Granville. To BROIL. v. a. [bruler, Fr.] To dress or cook by laying on the coals, or before the fire. Some strip the skin, some portion out the spoil, Some on the fire the reeking entrails broil. Dryd. To BROIL. v. n. To be in the heat. Where have you been broiling? -Among the crowd i' th' abbey, where a finger Could not be wedg'd in more. Shakspeare. Long ere now all the planets and comets had been broiling in the sun, had the world lasted from all eternity. Cheyne. To BROKE. v. n. [Of uncertain etymology. Skinner seems inclined to derive it from To break, because broken men turn factors or brokers. Casaubon, from palav. Skinner thinks, again, that it may be contracted from procurer Lye more properly deduces it from bɲuccan, Sax. to be busy.] To transact business for others, or by others. It is used generally in reproach. He does, indeed, And brokes with all that can, in such a suit, Corrupt the tender honour of a maid. Shaksp. The gains of bargains are of a more doubtful nature, when men should wait upon others necessity; broke by servants and instruments to draw them on. Bacon. BROKEN. The part. pass. of break. Preserve men's wits from being broken with the very bent of so long attention. Hooker. BROKEN MEAT. Fragments; meat that has been cut. Get three or four chairwomen to attend you constantly in the kitchen, whom you pay at small charges; only with the broken meat, a few coals, and all the cinders. Szeift. BRO'KENHEARTED. adj. [from broken and heart.] Having the spirits crushed by grief or fear. He hath sent me to bind up the brokes bearted. Iraiab. BRO'KENLY. adv. [from broken.] Without any regular series. Sir Richard Hopkins hath done somewhat of this kind, but brokenly and glancingly, intending chiefly a discourse of his own voyage. Hakewill. BROKER. n. s. [from To broke.] 1. A factor; one that does business for another; one that makes bargains for another. Brokers, who, having no stock of their own, set up and trade with that of other men; buying here, and selling there, and commonly abusing both sides, to make out a little paultry gain Some South-sea broker, from the city, Temple Swift. 2. One who deals in old household goods. 3. A pimp; a matchmaker. A goodly broker! Dare you presume to harbour wanton lines; To whisper and conspire against my youth? Shakspeare In chusing for yourself, you shew'd your judg crown, Wipe off the dust that hides our sceptre's gilt. Shakspeare. BRONCHIAL. adj. [Broyx.] Belonging BRO'NCHICK. to the throat.' Inflammation of the lungs may happen either in the bronchial or pulmonary vessels, and may soon be communicated from one to the other, when the inflammation affects both the lobes. Arbuthnot. BRO'NCHOCELE. n. s. [Boyxaxýn.] A tumour of that part of the aspera arteria, called the bronchus. Quincy. BRONCHO'TOMY. n. s. [Spóy and Tip.] That operation which opens the windpipe by incision, to prevent suffocation in a quinsey. Quincy. The operation of bronchotomy is an incision into the aspera arteria, to make way for the air into the lungs, when respiration is obstructed by any tumour compressing the larynx. Sharj. BROND. n. s. See BRAND. A sword. Foolish old man, said then the pagan wroth, That weenest words or charms may force withstond; Soon shalt thou see, and then believe for troth, That I can carve with this enchanted brend. Spenser, BRONTO'LOGY. n. s. [Broven and asyia.] A dissertation upon thunder. Dict. BRONZE. n. s. [bronze, Fr.] I. Brass. Imbrown'd with native bronze, lo! Henley Prior. A print, a bronze, a flower, a root, A shell, a butterfly, can do 't. BROOCH. n. s. [broke, Dutch.] 1. A jewel; an ornament of jewels.' Ay, marry, our chains and our jewels. Your brooches, pearls, and owches. Shakspeare. Richly suited, but unseasonable; just like the brooch and the toothpick, which we wear not Shakspeare. I know him well; he is the brooch, indeed, And gem of all the nation. now. 2 [With painters.] one colour. Shakspeare. A painting all of Dict. To To BROOCH. v. a. [from the noun.] adorn with jewels. Not th' imperious show Of the full-fortun'd Cæsar, ever shall Be brooch'd with me. Shakspeare. To BROOD. v. n. [bɲædan, Sax.] 1. To sit as on eggs, to hatch them. Wast present, and, with mighty wings outspread, Milton. Here nature spreads her fruitful sweetness round, Breathes on the air, and broods upon the ground. Dryden. 2. To cover chickens under the wing. Exalted hence, and drunk with secret joy, Their young succession all their cares employ; They breed, they brood, instruct, and educate; And make provision for the future state. Dryd. Find out some uncouth ceil, Where brooding darkness spreads his jealous wings, And the night raven sings. Milton. 3. To remain long in anxiety, or solicitous thought. Dryden. Defraud their clients, and, to lucre sold, Brood o'er their precious stores of secret gold. 4. To mature any thing by care. It was the opinion of Clinias, as if there were ever amongst nations a brooding of a war, and that there is no sure league but impuissance to do hurt. Bacon. To BROOD. v. a. To cherish by care. Of crowds afraid, yet anxious when alone, You'll sit and brood your sorrows on a throne. Dryden. BROOD. n. s. [from the verb.] 1. Offspring; progeny. It is now hardly used of human beings, but in contempt. The heavenly father keep his brood From foul infection of so great a vice. Fairfax. With terrours and with clamours compass'd Of mine own brood, that on my bowels feed. round, Milton. Such things become the hatch and brood of Shakspeare. time. 5. The act of covering the eggs. O'er which his melancholy sits on brood; Shakspeare. BRO'ODY. adj. [from brood.] In a state of sitting on the eggs; inclined to sit. The common hen, all the while she is broody, sits, and leads her chickens, and uses a voice Ray. which we call clocking. BROOK. n. s. [bɲoc, or broca, Sax.] A running water, less than a river. A substitute shines brightly as a king, Until a king be by; and then his state Empties itself, as doth an inland brook Into the main of waters. To BROOK. v. a. [bɲucan, Sax.] To bear; to endure; to support. Even they, which brook it worst that men should tell them of their duties, when they are told the same by a law, think very well and reaHooker. sonably of it. A thousand more mischances than this one Have learned me to brook this patiently. Shaks. How use doth breed a habit in a man! This shadowy desart, unfrequented woods, I better brook than flourishing peopled towns. Shakspeare. Heav'n, the seat of bliss, Brooks not the works of violence and war. Milt. Most men can much rather brook their being reputed knaves, than for their honesty be acSouth. counted fools. Restraint thou wilt not brook; but think it hard, Your prudence is not trusted as your guard. Dryden. To BROOK, v. n. To endure; to be con Ev'n humble broom and osiers have their use, And shade for sheep, and food for flocks, produce. Dryden. 2. A besom: so called from the matter of Shall disturb this hallow'd house; To sweep the dust behind the door. Shakspeare. If they came into the best apartment, to set any thing in order, they were saluted with a Arbuthnet. broom. BRO'OMLAND. n. s. [broom and land.] Land that bears broom. when I have known sheep cured of the rot, they have not been far gone with it, by being Mortimer put into breamlands. BRO OMSTAFF. n. s. [from broom and staff. The staff to which the broom is bound; the handle of a besom. They fell on; I made good my place: at length they came to the broomstaff with me: I defied 'em still. Shakspeare. From the age That children tread this worldly stage, Spectator. BROOMSTICK. n. s. The same as broomstaff. When I beheld this, I sighed, and said within myself, SURELY MORTAL MAN IS A BROOMSTICK! Swift. BRO'OMY. adj. [from broom.] Full of broom. If land grow mossy or broomy, then break it up again. Mortimer. The youth with broomy stumps began to trace The kennel edge, where wheels had worn the place. Swift. BROTH. n. s. [brod, Sax.] Liquor in which flesh is boiled. You may make the broth for two days, and take the one half every day. Bircon. Instead of light deserts and luscious froth, Our author treats to-night with Spartan broth. Southern. If a nurse, after being sucked dry, eats broth, the infant will suck the broth, almost unaltered. Arbuthnot. BROTHEL I saw him enter such a house of sale, Shakspeare. Then courts of kings were held in high renown, Ere made the common brothels of the town: There virgins honourable vows receiv'd, But chaste as maids in monasteries liv'd. Dryden. From its old ruins brothelhouses rise, Scenes of lewd loves and of polluted joys. Dryden. The libertine retires to the stews and to the brothel. Rogers. BROTHER. n. 5. [broder, brodor, Sax.] Plural brothers, or brethren. 1. One born of the same father and mother. Be sad, good brothers; Sorrow so royally in you appears, Comparing two men, in reference to one commen parent, it is very easy to form the ideas of brothers. Locke. 2. Any one closely united; associate. We few, we happy few, we band of brothers; For he to-day that sheds his blood with me, Shall be my brother. Shakspeare, 3. Any one resembling another in manner, form, or profession. He also that is slothful in his work, is brother to him that is a great waster. Proverbs. I will eat no meat while the world standeth, lest I make my brother to offend. Corinthians. 4. Brother is used, in theological language, for man in general. BROTHERHOOD. n. s. [from brother and bood.] 1. The state or quality of being a brother. So it be a right to govern, whether you call it supreme fatherhood, or supreme brotherhood, will be all one, provided we know who has it. Locke. 2. An association of men for any purpose; a fraternity. There was a fraternity of men at arms, called the brotherhood of St. George, erected by parlia ment, consisting of thirteen the most noble and worthy persons. Davies. 3. A class of men of the same kind. He was sometimes so engaged among the wheels, that not above half the poet appeared; at other times, he became as conspicuous as any of the brotherhood. Addison. BROTHERLY. adj. [from brother.] Natural; such as becomes or beseems a brother. He was a priest, and looked for a priest's re ward; which was our brotherly love, and the good of our souls and bodies. Bacon. Though more our money than our cause Their brotherly assistance draws. Denbam. They would not go before the laws, but fol low them; obeying their superiours, and embracing one another in brotherly piety and concord. Addison. BROTHERLY. adv. After the manner of a brother; with kindness and affection. I speak but brotherly of him; but should I anatomize him to thee as he is, I must blush and weep. Shakspeare. BROUGHг. The part. pass. of bring. The Turks forsook the walls, and could not Kneller. be brought again to the assault. The instances brought by our author are but slender proofs BROW. n. s. [bropa, Saxon.] 1. The arch of hair over the eye. Locke beat.] To depress with severe brows, and stern or lofty looks. It is not for a magistrate to frown upon, and browbeat, those who are hearty and exact in their ministry; and, with a grave nod, to call a resolved zeal want of prudence. South. What man will voluntarily expose himself to the imperious browbeatings and scorns of great men? L'Estrange. Count Tariff endeavoured to browbeat the plaintiff, while he was speaking; but though he was not so impudent as the count, he was every Addison. whit as sturdy. I will not be browbeaten by the supercilious looks of my adversaries. Arbuthnot and Pope. BRO'WBOUND.adj. [from brow and bound.] Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem. In that day's feats, He prov'd the best man i' th' field; and, for his meed, I like the new tire within excellently, if the hair were a little browner. Shakspeare. From whence high Ithaca o'erlooks the floods, Brown with o'ercharging shades and pendent woods. Long untravell'd heaths, Pope. Thomson. BRO'WNBILL. n. s. [from brown and bill.] The ancient weapon of the English foot: why it is called brown, I have not discovered; but we now say brown musket from it. And brownbills levied in the city, Made bills to pass the grand committee. Hudib. BROWNISH. adj. [from brown.] Somewhat brown. A brownish grey iron-stone, lying in thin strata, is poor, but runs freely. Woodward. BRO'WNNESS. n. s. [from brown.] A brown colour. She would confess the contention in her own mind, between that lovely, indeed most lovely, brownness of Musidorus's face, and this colour of mine. Sidney BROWNSTUDY. n. s. [from brown and study.] Gloomy meditations; study in which we direct our thoughts to no certain point. They live retired, and then they doze away their time in drowsiness and brownstudies; or, if brisk and active, they lay themselves out wholly in making common places. Norris. To BROWSE. v. a. [brouser, Fr.] To eat branches, or shrubs. And being down, is trod in the dirt The roughest berry on the rudest hedge: They have scared away two of my best sheep; if any where I have them, 't is by the sea-side, browsing on ivy. Shakspeare. A goat, hard pressed, took sanctuary in a vineyard; so soon as he thought the danger over, he fell presently a browsing upon the leaves. L'Estrange. Could eat the tender plant, and, by degrees, Browse on the shrubs, and crop the budding Blackmare. trees. The Greeks were the descendants of savages, ignorant of agriculture, and browsing on herbage, like cattle. Arbuthnot. BROWSE. n. s. [from the verb.] Branches, or shrubs, fit for the food of goats, or other animals. The greedy lioness the wolf pursues, The wolf the kid, the wanton kid the browse. Dryden. On that cloud-piercing hill, Plinlimmon, from afar, the traveller kens, To BRUISE. v. a. [briser, Fr.] To crush or mangle with the heavy blow of something not edged or pointed; to crush by any weight; to beat into gross powder; to beat together coarsely. Fellows in arms, and my most loving friends, Bruis'd underneath the yoke of tyranny. Shaksp. And fix far deeper in his head their stings, Than temporal death shall bruise the victor's heel, Or theirs whom he redeems. Milton. As in old chaos heav'n with earth confus'd, And stars with rocks together crush'd and bruis'd. Waller. They beat their breasts with many a bruising blow, Till they turn livid and corrupt the snow. Dryd. BRUISE. n. s. [from the verb.] A hurt with something blunt and heavy. One arm'd with metal, th' other with wood, This fit for bruise, and that for blood. Hudibras. I since have labour'd To bind the bruises of a civil war, And stop the issues of their wasting blood. Dryd. BRUISEWORT. n. s. An herb; the same with comfrey. BRUIT. n. s. [bruit, Fr.] Rumour; noise; report. A bruit ran from one to the other, that the king was slain. Sidney. Upon some bruits he apprehended a fear, which moved him to send to sir William Herbert to remain his friend. Hayward. I am not One that rejoices in the common wreck, As common bruit doth put it. Shakspeare. To BRUIT. v. a. [from the noun.] To report; to noise abroad; to rumour. Neither the verb nor the noun are now much in use. His death, Being bruited once, took fire and heat away From the best temper'd courage in his troops. Shakspeare. It was bruited, that I meant nothing less than to go to Guiana. Raleigh. BRUMAL. adj. [brumalis, Lat.] Belong. ing to the winter. About the brumal solstice, it hath been observed, even unto a proverb, that the sea is calm, and the winds do cease, till the young ones are excluded, and forsake their nests. Brown. BRUN, BRAN, BORN, BOURN, BURN, are all derived from the Saxon, born, bourn, brunna, buɲna; all signifying.a river or brook. Gibson. BRUNETT. n. s. [brunette, French.] A woman with a brown complexion. Your fair women therefore thought of this fashion, to insult the olives and the brunettes. Addison. BRUNION. n. s. [brugnon, Fr.] A sort of fruit between a plum and a peach. Trevoux. BRUNT. n. s. [brunst, Dutch.] I. Shock; violence. Erona chose rather to bide the brunt of war, than venture him. Sidney. God, who caus'd a fountain, at thy pray'r, From the dry ground to spring, thy thirst t' allay After the brunt of battle. Milton. Faithful ministers are to stand and endure the brunt: a common soldier may fly, when it is the duty of him that holds the standard to die upon the place. 2. Blow; stroke. South. A wicked ambush, which lay hidden long In the close covert of her guileful eyen, Thence breaking forth, did thick about me throng, Too feeble It' abide the brunt so strong. Spenser. The friendly rug preserv'd the ground, Hudibras. And headlong knight, from bruise or wound, Like featherbed betwixt a wall And heavy brunt of cannon-ball. BRUSH. n.s. [brosse, Fr. from bruscus, Lat.] 1. An instrument to clean any thing, by rubbing off the dirt or soil. It is generally made of bristles set in wood. 2. It is used for the larger and stronger pencils used by painters. Whence comes all this rage of wit? this arming all the pencils and brushes of the town against me? Stilling fleet. With a small brush you must smear the glue well upon the joint of each piece. Moxon. 3. A rude assault; a shock; rough treatment; which, by the same metaphor, we call a scouring. Let grow thy sinews till their knots be strong, And tempt not yet the brushes of the war. Shuk, It could not be possible, that, upon so little a brush as Waller had sustained, he could not be able to follow and disturb the king. Clarendon. Else, when we put it to the push, They had not giv'n us such a brush. Hudibras. To BRUSH. v. a. [from the noun.] 1. To sweep or rub with a brush. If he be not in love with some woman, there is no believing old signs: he brushes his hat o' morning; what should that bode? Shakspeare. 2. To strike with quickness, as in brushing. The wrathful beast about him turned light, And him so rudely passing by, did brusß With his long tail, that horse and man to ground did rush. Spenser's Fairy Queen. Has Somnus brush'd thy eyelids with his rod? Dryden. His son Cupavo brush'd the briny flood, Upon his stern a brawny centaur stood. Dryden. High o'er the billows flew the massy load, And near the ship came thund'ring on the flood, It almost brush'd the helm. 3. To paint with a brush. Pope. You have commissioned me to paint your shop, and I have done my best to brush you up like your neighbours. Pope. 4. To carry away, by an act like that of brushing; to sweep. 1. To move with haste: a ludicrous word, applied to men. 2. Nor wept his fate, nor cast a pitying eye, Nor took him down, but brush'd regardless by. Dryden. The French had gather'd all their force, And William met them in their way; Yet off they brush'd, both foot and horse. Priar. To fly over; to skim lightly. Nor love is always of a vicious kind, But oft to virtuous acts inflames the mind, Awakes the sleepy vigour of the soul, And, brushing o'er, adds motion to the pool. Dryden. BRUSHER. n. s. [from brush.] He that uses a brush. Sir Henry Wotton used to say, that criticks were like brushers of noblemen's cloaths. Bacon. BRU'SHWOOD. n. s. [from brush and wood. I know not whether it may not be corrupted from browse wood.] Rough, low, close, shrubby thickets; small wood fit for fire. It smokes, and then with trembling breath she blows, Till in a cheerful blaze the flames arose. With brushwood, and with chips, she strengthens these, And adds at last the boughs of rotten trees. Dryden. BRU'SHY. adj. [from brush.] Rough or shaggy, like a brush. I suspected, that it might have proceeded from some small unheeded drop of blood, wiped off by the brushy substance of the nerve, from the knife wherewith it was cut. Boyle. To BRU'STLE. v. n. [bɲarelian, Sax.] To crackle; to make a small noise. Skinner. BRUTAL. adj. [brutal, French; from brute.] 1. That belongs to a brute; that we have in common with brutes. There is no opposing brutal force to the stratagems of human reason. L'Estrange. 2. Savage; cruel; inhuman. The brutal bus'ness of the war Is manag'd by thy dreadful servants care. Dryd BRUTALITY. n. s. [brutalité, Fr.] Savageness; churlishness; inhumanity. Courage, in an ill-bred man, has the air, and escapes not the opinion, of brutality. To BRUTALIZE. v. n. [brutaliser, Fr.] To grow brutal or savage. Locke. Upon being carried to the Cape of Good Hope, he mixed, in a kind of transport, with his countrymen, brutalized with them in their habit and manners, and would never again return to his foreign acquaintance. Addison. To BRUTALIZE. v. a. To make brutal or savage. |