GREAT are the Improvements to be made, in all Sorts of Lands, by this fingle Article of Claying and Marling. THERE are, however, three Sorts of Lands where these Methods will be found uncommonly fuccefsful, viz. Old Heath ground, Lands that have been impoverished, and quite worn out with continual Plowing, producing more Weeds than Corn,----And old Pafture-ground, whofe Surface is rendered uneven by Ant-bills, or is covered over with beggarly Mofs. BUT the Advantages arifing from this Method are most remarkable in Old Heathground, or that which has laid Wafte for a great Number of Years, and perhaps has with fuch a Propofal; by which, however, tho' it has a very fpecious Appearance, the Landlord is always the greatest Gainer, But yet, fuch are the Advantages arifing from it to the Tenant, that I could with the Land-owners in Wales would affift their Tenants in the fame Manner. For under these Circumftances, Tenants who have been induftrious and of approved Fidelity, by the Time their Leases have been expired, Those who have begun with 3 or 400 Pounds, have often been found to be worth so many Thoufands, and fometimês 10, 12 or 15000 Pounds. That the Value of Eftates fhould be raised, in the Proportion, abovementioned, (vid. P. 6.) when the Tenant, at the fame Time, thus gets Estates, is almost incredible, especially if we confider that Hundreds of thefe Farms were uncultivated and overgrown with Fern, Negletis urenda filix innafcitur agris. HOR. ་་ never been ploughed at all, nor of any other Ufe but as Sheep's Walk or Warren. This Ground, of all others, will produce the greatest Crops, and anfwer the Charge of Claying and Marling best. THE Method to be taken with this Sort of Ground is, To plough it up in Winter, by Reason of the Moisture of that Season, and that the Flag or Surface may have Time to rot, during the Time of Claying or Marling, before it be fown either with Turneps at Midfummer, or with Wheat or Rye at Michaelmas. It should be ploughed and well harrowed four Times before it is fown with Turneps, and clayed or marled after the first or third Ploughing, just as it fhall be moft convenient for the Farmer. Either Method may be chofen. But if the Land be clayed after the firft Ploughing, the Clay and Mould will incorporate the better, by Means of the frequent Ploughings that are to fucceed, and be more likely to produce a good Crop. IF Turneps fhould be fown about * Midfummer, upon Lands thus managed, they may generally without + Tath or Dung: But if *The propereft Times for fowing all Sorts of Grain are as follows; Rye in September; Wheat in October; Oats and Pease in March; Barley in the Beginning of April. Is the Dung and Urine of Sheep, &c. if Wheat or Rye about Michaelmas; then it will be proper either to fold Sheep one Night on every Part of the Ground, or to carry on 10, 12, or 15 Cart-loads of Dung. This with about 60 Loads of Clay or Marl, drawn by four or five able Horses, will seldom or never fail to produce extraordinary Crops. And the Land, which before, perhaps, has not been worth Six-pence an Acre, by this Method, will be made worth ten or twelve. Shillings. WHEN Turneps are the firft Crop of this new-made Land, they are to be fed off by Sheep or Bullocks, or Both, whofe Treading more intimately mixes the Clay with the natural Soil, and feparates its Particles in fuch a Manner, as to give a more easy Entrance for the tender Fibres of the Corn to extract its Virtue. Befides this, and which is of great Confequence, the Tath or Dung and Urine of Bullocks, but especially of Sheep, abounds with a faline and faponaceous Quality of experienced Service, and well known to contribute much towards Vegetation. So that Barley-crop, which should always fucceed the Turneps, upon Land thus ordered, may be fown with the greatest Affurance of Success. Ten or Twelve *A Comb is equal to 4 Bufhels, or what goes in Wales by the Name of Tel Combs an Acre have been produced by this Manner of improving Land, of no more Value, in an un-improved State, than what was mentioned above, An Increase highly fufficient to anfwer the Owner's or the Farmer's Charge; an Increase that redounds to the Reputation, as well as Profit, of all the Hufbandmen who practife this Method; and a very great Encouragement to others to try the fame. THE Ground fhould be ploughed three Times for Barley; i. e. twice ploughed and harrowed, to make it clean and light; and then the Barley fown and turned in with the Plough. Three or four Days afterwards, the fame Ground fhould be fown with Clover,. about ten Pounds an Acre; or, which fuits this Sort of Land of which I am speaking beft, being for the most Part of a light Nature, about feven or eight Pounds of Cloverfeed with a Peck of black and white Nonefuch, or what is commonly called Rye-grafs. Either of thefe helps to thicken the Sett, makes the Clover, which alone is not, a fafe and rich Pafture for Cattle, and comes on fomewhat earlier in the Spring than Clover alone. If the Ground be of a ftiff and deep Soil, Clover alone is fufficient, because the Roots ftrike deep and delight in a Soil of that that Sort. Two good Crops of Clover may THIS is the best and most approved Method of Farming,----a Method which feldom fails of producing good Crops, and never balks the Expectation of the Farmer. There are, indeed, other Methods in Practice, fuch as taking a Crop of Peafe or Oats after Barley But this cannot be done without impoverishing the Land, and giving an Opportunity for many Weeds to spring up, and making it very foul. I HAVE been speaking of the Advan tages Jurneps Jurneps Burley (with :"Plover & [Rye-grass.) Wheat. 4 E |