built, is stated by Rees (Welsh Saints, p. 281) to have been a son of Deiniol or Daniel, the first Bishop of Bangor in Caernarvonshire, and is said to have founded the church of Llanddeiniolen in A.D. 616. His festival is on the 23rd of November, but the festival of the church is stated, in the Supplement to the Mona Antiqua, to be on the 11th of September. The orientation of the building is E. by N. On the farm of Bodlew, in this chapelry, formerly stood a small chapel called Capel Cadwaladr, but all traces of this building have disappeared within the last twenty or thirty years. Its site was a small hollow, on the south western side of a hedge, not far from the farm house, towards the east, and the tenant, in 1844, remembered heaps of stones having been removed thence for building purposes. It is still called Y Fonwent, and perhaps future excavators may bring graves and other relics of antiquity to light on this spot. LLANVAIR YN Y CWMMWD. This is another chapelry of the parish of Llanidan. The church is one of the smallest buildings of its class in the island, and possesses no feature of any architectural value. It is probably of the sixteenth century, although the materials of its walls may have been worked up from the remains of an older building. As it at present stands, it measures externally forty-seven feet by fourteen feet, the walls are eight feet high above the ground; there are two small windows on the southern side, one of a single-light at the eastern end, and one window and a doorway on the northern side. The western end is topped by a small single bell-gable. The font of this church (see plate) is one of the most remarkable in the collection of Anglesey monuments, being a rude production of the twelfth century, ornamented with misshapen heads, crosses, and a serpentkind of figure at either end. It is made out of a single block of fine grit-stone. The circumstance of its being oblong, with rounded corners, is also to be noticed. Against the northern wall of the church, near the altar, is placed an elaborate coffin lid of the thirteenth century (see plate), adorned with a cross flory, and covered with a richly foliated design. On the floor of the church are to be seen three other ancient coffin lids without any inscription or ornaments, and a fourth of the same kind lies in the church yard close to the east window. On the south western side is the socket of the cross still remaining. The church is under the invocation of the Blessed Virgin, and the festival is on the second of February. The orientation is nearly due East. RHÔSCOLYN.-This parish, one of the outlying portions of the cwmmwd of Menai, is situated on the southern part of Holyhead island. The church is the only medieval building which it retains, although the ancient mansion of Bodior, one of the oldest family seats in Anglesey, is within its limits. This house, however, has been so much altered by its successive occupants, that no characteristics of the original edifice remain. The church is a small building, being only forty-four feet by nineteen feet, external measure. Its date is of the Early Perpendicular period, somewhere during the first half of the fifteenth century; and it is in tolerable preservation. At the western end is a double bell-gable; on the southern side is a porch, with a rudely elliptical archway for its entrance, and a doorway of good detail, very like that at Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog, opening underneath it into the nave. The font is of the fifteenth century, of rather singular design, (see plate,) and it stands at the western end of the church. On the southern side are two square-headed windows, one of two, the other of one light each; and on the northern, there is a single-light square-headed window, and a doorway opposite the other, with a four-centred head. The eastern window is of two cinque-foiled lights, with a quatre-foil in the head, and is of good proportions, not very dissimilar to that at Cerrig Ceinwen. The mouldings and other details of this building, are of good design; but the church is disfigured by a western gallery, entered by an oddly contrived staircase from the porch. The building is under the invocation of St. Gwenfaen, who was the daughter of Pawl Hên, or Paulinus, and flourished in the sixth century. It was originally called Llanwenvaen; and the festival is that of the Saint, Nov. 5th. The orientation is N.E. by E. It is stated that the parish takes its present name from a column erected on the common, or Rhôs, by the Romans; but it is impossible to say how far this conjecture is correct. One thing is certain, that from the rocky eminence of Rhôscolyn, behind the church, one of the most strikingly beautiful views in the island is to be obtained, - rivalling, on a clear summer's day, some of the finest portions of the coasts of Italy. H L. J. DENBIGHSHIRE GENEALOGIES. WHILE Correcting a few typographical errors in the article thus headed at page 347,' it may be well to observe, for the information of those interested in genealogy, that the history of most Welsh families will be found in Burke's Peerage and Landed Gentry, or in the Heraldic Visitation of Wales, by Lewys Dwnn. Pedigrees of several families of this and the adjoining counties, not in either of these publications, are likely to be found in the Harl. MSS., 1971,2 brought down to 1620-40; some of whom we believe are still in existence, as Burchinshaw of Llansannan; but the MSS., at the College of Arms, such as those of Vincent, are more to be depended on; and a descent to the present time, if there proved and registered, would be legal evidence, in claims to name and estate that may arise in future times. A singular instance of the difficulty that sometimes arises in these cases is mentioned in the July number of Burke's Patrician. General Egerton, on claiming the Earldom of Bridgewater, could not find the register of his father's marriage in consequence of the ceremony having been performed in a Pew at the Chapel Royal, St. James's, which pew was in the parish of St. Martin's. After about a year's search, an old man who had seen an advertisement came forward; and having been the clerk at the time, explained the fact. If this had happened a few generations earlier, probably the evidence would never have been produced. The leading gentry of Lancashire, Cheshire, and North Wales, such as Owen Sire de Glendore, Puleston, Hanmere, 1 Line 7, read Clough.-348, line 9, dic 1441, albs.-349, line 8, habendi; line 18, Perthewig; line 29, 1697.-350, line 6, seal; line 22, 80; line 24, insert a reference (2) to Grandfather; line 26, insert (3) to Hugh, and (4) to complt; line 29, read Cadwaleder; line 30, Perthewig; add to Note; "In a plan dated 1768, two fields adjoining the house and wood have Mrs. Anne added to Croft ucha, and issa; not named as part of her jointure, but no doubt enclosed in her time.—351, line 6, Mutton; the Notes, insert (3) before"From her marriage," and (4) before “From the will."—352, line 11, read Mr. P. made haste.-353, line 3, after counter compony insert arg. and sab.; line 18, 1933; line 32, about. The following Nos. also contain Welsh descents or arms: 1933, 1935-6, 1961, 1969, 1970-8, 2288-9, 2291-9, 2414, 3325, 3538, 4031, 4131, 4291; all others being copies of 1143, entitled, "The ancient descent of divers noble housen," &c. Stanlegh, Latham, Hesketh, Pigot, &c.,' were deponents in favour of Sir Robert Grosvenor, who claimed (A.D. 13861390,) the coat of arms "azure a bend or;" but which was allowed to Sir Richard Scrope, on whose side appeared John of Gaunt, and others of high rank; also Geoffrey Chaucer, Esquire. Frankleyn, does not appear to have been used as a title after the name; and though described by Shakspeare as one of small means, was in the time of Chaucer and of Henry VI., the next in rank to a Peer's or Knight's son or other created Esquire, and in his will or other deed, would no doubt have assumed the addition of Esquire, not Gent. Sir John Fortescue's words are "There is scarce a small village in which you may not find a Knight, an Esquire, or some substantial householder commonly called a Frankleyn, possessed of considerable estate; besides others who are called Freeholders, and many Yeomen, of estates sufficient to make a substantial Jury." The word Gent., as a title after the name, will not be found before about 1430,2 and was most probably first used by those gentry who had not the amount of income that compelled Knighthood. Esquire, (first used by those not attendant on Knights, about 1345,)3 having been assumed by all who compounded for a sum of money when called on to receive that honour. And until a late time, no gentleman will be found described Esquire, unless of very considerable fortune. Master, (Mr.) was only used by the gentleman. Thus, in 1642, Mrs. Hutchinson, in the Memoirs of the Colonel, writes "a very honest man, who could not be reckoned among the gentry, tho' he were called Mr. Lomax." Arms were invariably granted as a sign of the bearer being gentle; and the freeholder not of the gentry, and thus not bearing arms, will be found described "Yeoman." The words in a very old grant at the College of Arms, (A.D. 1376,) given in Lower's Cur. of Heraldry, are "en la campaigne dez 1 Two or three of the Donnes appeared, no doubt members of the Dones of Utkinton, much connected with North Wales, a pedigree of which family is given in Ormerod's Cheshire, from whom, probably, a correspondent, page 190, descends, though he would find it difficult to prove. 2 Sidney. (Haydn. Dic. of Dates.) 3 Stowe. Meyrick. (Ibid.) 4 Parl. Hist. Hence, no doubt, the common idea, that (v. 11, p. 246,) so much a year makes a legal Esquire. autriez auncients gentils et nobleis hommes, et pour membrance de celle gentilesse, &c., Jay devise, &c." la re Shakspeare, whom no subject appears to have escaped, alludes to these distinctions: see that amusing dialogue Taming of the Shrew, act ii. sce. 1; also Hamlet, act v. sce. 1; Henry VI., p. 1. act ii. sce. 4; Merry Wives of Windsor, act i. sce. 1. act iii. sce. 4. It is probably from ignorance of heraldry as a matter of history, that the many are daily assuming arms found attached to their names in a dictionary, or which an engraver may recommend. A more informed taste would surely prefer as a signet, the head of Shakspeare, Milton, Locke, &c., to a crest or shield which they have not the slightest evidence of having inherited. AN ANGLO-CAMBRIAN. BARDIC TRANSLATIONS. AMATORY POEMS BY PRINCE HYWEL AB OWAIN. (See Myv. Arch. pp. 275, 276, 278.) "KARAFY GAER WENNGLAER," &c. I love the fair fortress encompassed with green, 1 Caer Gogyrvan is described by Pennant as a large encampment, a little to the north-west of Oswestry. 2 Garwy is celebrated as one of the three courteous and amorous knights of Arthur's court.-See Myv. Arch. vol. ii. p. 74. T. 119. |