The following prayer, which is used on entering the synagogue on the morning of a fastday, has something both solemn and affecting in it. The original is in a kind of unequal verse, the endings of which rhyme to each other.

"I come into thy house in the multitude of thy mercies, and in thy fear will I worship towards thy holy temple,

"The tribe of Judah is oppressed, and in distress and shall the lion still continue to roar in the forest? The father and the children, the poor and the needy, with hope, wait for thy salvation.-O stand in the breach, and suffer us not to become a derision! Why standest thou afar off, O LORD! thy people are brought even to the gates of death. O thou that dwellest between the cherubim, shine forth! grant us help and deliver us from the adversary. Is the power of the LORD limited ?-Renew our days in this long captivity! Awake, why dost thou slumber, O GOD!-Remember thy children in a land not their own; nor suffer aliens to approach them to their hurt! Reveal unto thy people who sit solitary, the happy period of their restoration! Let Mount Zion rejoice, let the daughters of Judah be glad! Let our supplications ascend to the highest heavens, Q GOD, the king, who sittest on the throne of compassion!"

INDEX.

ABRAHAM a sort of king, 26; numerous servants, 27;
waits on his guests, 32.

Adam, probably the first who offered a sacrifice, 304, note.
Administration of justice among the Israelites, 177.
Adoring, what, 126.

Age, the first foundation of authority, 174.
Agriculture, see Husbandry.

Alienation of lands revoked every fifty years among the
Israelites; 61.

Altars erected for memorials of great events, 25.

Altaschith, what, 247.

Angel of the church, what it signifies, 337, in the note,
Anointing, reason of it, 77.

Animals used in sacrifice, 308; manner of killing such,
309; flaying, salting, &c. 309, 310; offered at the
door of the tabernacle, 312.

Animals, different, eaten and abstained from among diffe.
rent nations, 86, 87.

Apocrypha books of, considered canonical by the Catholics,
101,

Apostles among the Jews, their office, 220.

Arabic language abounds in obscene terms, 128.

Arms, all persons capable of using them, ecclesiastics as
well as laymen, made up the ancient militia, 185;
what the ancient arms consisted of, 186, 187; not
worn by the Israelites except on duty, 187.

Arts, curious ones among the Hebrews, 64, 64.
Artificers, few among the Israelites till the time of David,
66, 67; many of the Greek heroes such, 68.

Arure of land, how much, 58,

Asmoneans, see Maccabees.

Athenians, how at first divided, 38.

Astrology, several eminent ladies addicted to, 164.

Ayeen Akberi quoted, 240.

Ayeleth Shahar, what, 246.

Babylon, the fertility of its plains, 49.

Bakers, when first at Rome, 67.

Balsam-tree only found anciently in Palestine 55.

Baptism administered to proselytes, 272; how performed,
ib, how administered to women, 275.

Bathing, why frequent in the east, 77.

Beards long, worn by the Israelites, 77.

Bedsteads in the east, often of ivory, and placed against

the wall, 80.

Bells in churches of modern invention, 147.

Bissextile how computed, 299, 300.

Books now lost referred to in the Old Testament, 110.
Bramins neither kill nor eat animals, 87.

Bread, how much per day a man eats, 87; very little bread
kept among the Israelites, 67 ; . the word used in Scrip-
ture means all sorts of victuals, 84.

Breast-plate, 334.

Britons, ancient, their dress, 21.

Burial, the manner of it among the Israelites, 135, 136;
no religious ceremony used at it, 136.

Byssus, what it was, 75.

Cakes of libation, 311; called nakudeem, or perforated 85.
Calends, what, 299.

Canaan, the Israelites prohibited from marrying with his
descendants, 38, 95. Canaanites the same with Phoe-
nicians, 65, their tribes, 278, 279.

Canopies, the use of them in the east, 80.

Caoinian, or ancient funeral cry among the Irish, 136.
Captivity of the ten tribes above a hundred years before
that of the other two, 198; the consequences of cap-
tivity anciently,and of Israel and Judah in particular,
199, 200; the restoration of Judah from it, 201;
much reformed by it, 203; how long after it before
they could rebuild their city and temple, 204.
Castration of cattle prohibited to the Israelites, 62.
Cato the censor, writes of country affairs, 46; his opinion
of the pastoral life, 29; a maxim in his book the ne
with one in Prov. xxiv. 27, 52.

Cavalry of little use in mountainous countries, 188; for-
bidden to the Israelites, though much used in Egypt,
ib. numerous however in Solomon's time, ib.
Ceremonies, some borrowed from the Jewish church, 272.
Galosyria described, 286, 287.
Chazan, who, 337.

Children of this world-of darkness-light, &c. whence
the expressions, 37; increase of them desired by the Is
raelites, 102, 103; how numerous in some families, 103.
Chimneys among the ancients little known, 82, 83.
Chlamys of the Greeks, what, 72, 74.

Christians eat too often, 88.

Church, whence the word, 177.

Cicero, what he means by Jewish gold, 220.

Circumcision practised by many nations besides Jews, 94;
performed in private houses without the ministry of
prests, 101; benediction used at, ib.
Circumcision the seal of the covenant, 271.

Cities in Judea, the habitation of labourers, and very
numerous, 178, 179; their gates the seats of justice,
ib. at first built by wicked men, 29.

Cleanliness, its importance, 90.

Cloaks a sort of military dress, 74.

Clothes of the ancients injudiciously represented by most
painters, 71, 72; fashions of them little changed in
the east, 73; ill consequences of their change, 74;
of white colour most in use among the Israelites,
Greeks, and Romans, 76; made generally among them
all, very plain, 76; of the women more sumptuous, 78.
Concubines, though generally slaves, yet, to keep them
not reckoned disreputable, 105; ill consequences
from the use of them, 105, 106.
Confession of faith, 341-345.

Corban, what, 318.

Council of seventy-two and the highpriest at Jerusalem,
and of twenty-three in the smaller cities, their power,
178; kept their court at the gate of the city, ib. con-
tinued while the Jews were subject to the Persians,
205, 206; and to, the Romans, 221.

Country-people, the cause of their misery, 44.

Courts of judicature among the Romans at the forum, of
the Israelites at the city gates, in feudal times at the
courts of Lords' castles, 178, 179.

Craftsmen, valley of, 69.

Crusades laid waste the Holy Land, 54.

Cubit, two sorts mentioned in Scripture, 140.

Cynara, what, 11.

Day, how divided by the Hebrews, Greeks, and Romans,

Dancing in use among the Israelites, 117, 118.

Daughters of the patriarchs bred to hard labour, 30.

Death of the patriarchs, how described in Scripture, 33.

Decapolis, described, 284.

Deism of a Jewish Rabbi, 364.

Dice invented by the Lydians, 131.

Diet of the ancient Israelites, 84.

Divorce, ill consequences of it, 106; when first heard of

at Rome. ib.

Dress of the Hebrews, 71; of the English, 21.

Eastern fashions change little, 74; their compliments more
like ours than those of the Greeks and Romans are
125; play at no games of hazard, 131.

Edom, what it signifies, 281.

Egypt, physic supposed to have been invented there, 33;
what food the Egyptians abstained from, 87; Solon,
Pythagoras, and Plato, studied there, 205, 206; be-
coming an addition to the Roman power hastened the
ruin of the Jewish, 217.

Elders of Israel, the Jewish sanhedrim, 174, 175, 221;
the seat of the elders, what meant by it, 176; num.
ber of, 176.

Elijah, meaning of the name, 39.

Embalming practised by the Israelites as well as Egyp
tians, 135.

Eponymi, what, 38.

Ephod described, 334.

Equinox, what, 296–298.

Essenes, their manner of life, 226.

Ethnarchs, what meant by them, 221.

Eumeus described by Homer making his own shoes, 68,
Eunuchs, servants about the king's person, without des
noting personal imperfection, 185.

Evenings, two, what, 291.

Fashions, see Clothes.

Fathers among the Israelites had power of life and death
over their children, 172; but under the direction of
the magistrate, 173. The same law practised at
Athens, ib.

Fasts proclaimed by sound of trumpet, as well as feasts,
150; how many stated ones, ib. Hindoo 258; Mo-
hammedan 260.

Feasts, religious, the number of them among the Israelites,
147, 165; were times of general joy, 148,149; feasts
accompanied with music, how esteemed among the
Greeks, 129.

Feet, custom of washing them at visits, 77; to water and
to cover the feet, what meant by it, 127.

Fire-places, 82.

First-fruits, 319.

Fisk scarce eaten in the most ancient times either by Israel,
ites or Grecians, 86.

Fleury, Abbé, his life, ix.-xvi. his concluding account of

his own work, 233,

Forces, see Militia,