CHARLES THE FIRST-continued from page 206. At the end of the former session he had admitted Sir John Savill, of Yorkshire, a busie man in the House of Commons (but otherwise a politic and prudent person), to be one of his privy council, created him lord Savill, of Ponfract, and made him comptroller of his household, in the place of Sir John Suckling, deceased. And a little before the beginning of the following session, he took into his council sir Thomas Wentworth, of Wentworth Woodhouse, in the same county, whom he created viscount Wentworh, and made lord president of the north; and, within two years after, lord deputy of Ireland, also. He was a man of prodigious parts, which he made use of, at the first, in favour of the popular faction; but being gained unto the king by sir R. Weston, then chancellour of the exchequer (afterwards lord treasurer and earl of Portland), he became the most devout friend of the church-the greatest zelot for advancing monarchial interest-and the ablest minister of state which our histories have afforded to us. On the judgment of these two his majesty did much rely in civil matters, as he did on the advice of doctor Neile, then bishop of Durham, and doctor Laud, then bishop of Bath and Wells, in matters which concerned the church. These last he had called unto his council in the beginning of April, 1627; and finding them to be of as great abilities to advise, as sincere in their affections to his person, he advanced the first to the see of Winchester, and afterwards to the archbishoprick of York, anno, 1631-the second to the see of London, and thence to Canterbury, anno, 1633. 1629. But whilest it was such hot weather at home, it grew cold abroad: the breach betwixt him and France being closed up at the same time, by the prudent and seasonable intervention of the state of Venice. And, not long after, he concluded a peace also, with the king of Spain-all things being left, on both sides, in the same condition in which they were before the war, but that the Spaniard did ingage that he would make use of all his interest with the emperor, for restoring the prince elector Palatine to his lost estate. And now the king having thrown away his crutches (which had so often deceiv'd him, as he trusted to them), he began to stand on his own legs, and in a short time became more considerable in the eyes of the world than any of his predecessors The Spaniard sent hither, yearly, in English bottoms, no less than six hundred thousand crowns in seen, it is regarded as an omen of some misfortune to the royal family. They have their nests in the mountains near Pekin; their heads are like peacocks': the Chinese emblem-their shoulders to the virtues; their wings signifying justice; their sides obedience; and the nest fidelity. The emperor, calaos, and mandarins, have the semblance of these birds embroidered on their vests and other habits. bullion, for the use of his army in the Netherlands, redounding very much to the king's benefit in the coinage, and no lesse to the profit of the merchants also, most of the money being returned into Flanders in leather, cloth, lead, tin, and other of the manufactures and native commodities of this kingdome. The Dutch and Easterlings lookt upon London as the safest bank, not onely to lodge, but increase their treasure; so that, in a short time, the greatest part of the trade of christendom was driven up the Thames. 1630. To make him yet more estimable in the sight of the people, God blest him with a son, the presumptive heir of his dominions, on the twenty-ninth of May, anno, 1630, and seconded that blessing with the birth of a daughter, on the fourth of November, in the next year after, as, afterwards, with a plentiful issue of both sexes. 1633. Nor did he meet with any check in his prosperity till the year 1633, at what time the coals of faction and sedition, which seemed for some years to have been raked up in the ashes of contentment, kindled the next combustible matter, and brake forth again to the inflaming of both kingdoms. Scotland burneth first, and takes fire on this occasion. In the minority of king James, the lands of all cathedral churches and religious houses which had been settled on the crown by act of parliament, where shared amongst the lords and great men of that kingdome (by the connivance of the earl of Murray and some other of the regents), to make them sure unto the side. And they being thus possessed of the said lands, with the regalities and tithes belonging to those ecclesiastical corporations, lorded it with pride and insolence enough in their several territories, holding the clergy to small stipends, and the poor peasant under a miserable vassalage and subjection to them. King Charles ingaged in war at his first coming to the crown, and having little aid from thence for the maintenance of it, by the advice of his council of that kingdome, was put upon a course of resuming those lands, tithes, and regalities into his own hands, to which the present occupants could pretend no other title than the unjust usurpation of their ancestors. This he endeavoured, first by an act of revocation; but that course not being like to speed, he followed it in the way of a legal processe, which drew on the commission for surrendering of superiorities and tithes, to be retaken from the king on such conditions, as might bring some profit to the crown-some augmentation to the clergy—and far more ease and benefit to the common people. But these proud Scots chose rather to expose their countrey to the danger of a publick ruine, than to part with any of that power (it might be called a tyranny rather) which they had exercised on their vassals, as they commonly called them; and, thereupon, conspired together to oppose the king in any thing that should be offered in the following parliament, which had relation to the church, or to church affairs. But because religion and the care thereof, is commonly the best bait to catch the vulgar, they must find out some other means to divert the king from the prosecuting of that commission, than the consideration of their own personal and private interest ; and they found means to do it on another occasion, which was briefly this. King James from his first coming to this crown, had a design to bring the kirk of Scotland to an uniformity with the church of England, both in government and forms of worship. And he proceeded so far as to settle episcopacy amongst them, naming thirteen new bishops for so many episcopal sees, as had been anciently in that church; three of which received consecration from the bishops of England, and conferred it on the rest of their brethren at their coming home: which bishops he armed also with the power of an high commission, the better to keep down the insolent and domineering spirit of the Presbyterians. In order to the other, he procured an act, to be passed in the assembly, at Aberdeen, anno, 1616, for composing a liturgie, and extracting a new book of canons out of the scattered acts of their old assemblies. At the assembly, held at Perth, anno, 1618, he obtained an order for receiving the communion kneeling-for administering baptisme and the Lord's supper in private houses-in cases of extreme necessity, for episcopal confirmation-and, finally, for the celebrating the anniversaries of our Saviour's birth, his passion, resurrection, and ascension, and the coming down of the Holy Ghost. All of which he got to be confirmed in the following parliament. So far, that wise king had advanced the work of uniformity, before his engaging in the cause of the Palatinate. His breach with Spain, and the war which did insue upon it, took off his thoughts from prosecuting that design, which his son, being more intangled in wars abroad and distempers at home, had no time to finish, till he had settled his affairs, and attained to some measure both of power and glory. But seeing, it was a businesse which was to be acted leisurely and by degrees, not all at once, he first resolved upon passing of an act of ratification of all that had been done by his father, and then to go in hand with the introducing of a public liturgie. In the effecting whereof, at such a time as he went into Scotland to receive that unfortunate crown, he found a stronger opposition in the parliament of that kingdome-also, about the passing of that act of ratification, than he had reason to expect; but carried it at last by a far major part of that assembly. This gave him the first taste of their disaffection to his person and government; but he went forward, notwithstanding, in pursuit of those purposes, which he brought thither with him: for, not long after his return into England, he gave order to the dean of his chapel royal, in Edinburgh, that prayers be read therein according to the English liturgie-that a communion be had every month, and all communicants to receive the sacra days and holydays: for by this means he gave himself no improbable hopes, that the English liturgie, passing a probationership in the chapel royal, might find a plausible entertainment in the churches of Edinburgh, and be received, by degrees, in all the rest of the kingdome. ment on their knees-that he the divine service there on Sun who officiates, if he be a bishop, perform it in his rochet and other episcopal robes, and that he do it in his surplice, if a common presbyter-and, finally, that not only the lords of the council, but the lords of the session, and as many of the principal magistrates of that city, also, as could conveniently, fail not of their attending (To be continued.) DEAF, DUMB, AND BLIND. the follies and disorders of his neighbours, and to teach him that the intent of speech was too often to deceive. Though the inhabitants of Aronche were as honest as other villagers, yet Gonzales, who had formed his ideas of men and things from their nature and uses, grew offended at their manners. He saw the avarice of age-the prodigality of youth-the quarrels of brothers-the treachery of friends-the frauds of lovers "At the village of Aronche, in the province of Estremadura (says an old Spanish author) lived Gonzales de Castro, who, from the age of twelve to fiftytwo, was deaf, dumb, and blind. His cheerful submission to so deplorable a misfortune, and the misfortune itself, so endeared him to the village, that to worship the holy virgin, and to love and serve Gonzales, were considered as duties of the same im--the insolence of the rich-the portance; and to neglect the latter was to offend the former. "It happened one day, as he was sitting at his door, and offering up his mental prayers to St. Jago, that he found himself, on a sudden, restored to all the privileges he had lost. The news ran quickly through the village, and old and young, rich and poor, the busy and the idle, thronged round him with congratulations. "But as if the blessings of this life were only given us for afflictions, he began in a few weeks to lose the relish of his enjoyments, and to repine at the possession of his faculties, which served only to discover to him knavery of the poor-and the depravity of all. These, as he saw and heard, he spoke of with complaint; and endeavoured, by the gentlest admonitions, to excite men to goodness." From this place the story is torn out to the last paragraph, which says "That he lived to a comfortable old age, despised and hated by his neighbours for pretending to be wiser and better than themselves; and that he breathed out his soul in these memorable words :- That he who would enjoy many friends, and live happy in the world, should be deaf, dumb, and blind to the follies and vices of it. DEAN SWIFT'S VISIT TO CRISPIN TUCKER, OF OLD LONDON-BRIDGE. (From Wine and Walnuts.) "Good morrow, master crispin," thus, familiarly, saluted the dean of St. Patrick, the spruce old Tucker, as he entered his little slip of shop under the gateway on London-bridge. "Well, how do the world use you these ticklish times ?" Thank your reverence," answered the civil shopkeeper (perceiving, at once, the clerical cut of his visitor), quite as well as my neighbours, and much better than I deserve -God mend me!" "That's more than I can say," gruffly replied the dean. "I am sorry to hear that, reverend sir," said crispin, regarding his person from head to foot, " very sorry, indeed!" "Sorry!" said Swift, why should you be sorry, man? Why, I question if we ever met before! Sorry sauce is sour sauce at a first greeting; so they have it in my country.' "Perhaps so," answered crispin Tucker, "but as your greeting was kind, and your own story not so contented as mine, I might express my sorrow, though we are strangers." Yes," said Swift, looking sternly, "this is the way your grave sinners impose on one another. Good morrow, said I, not caring a copper farthing about you; and you meet my worthless compliment with your affected sympathy: we ought to be ashamed of ourselves out upon it! Let us mend our manners, 'tis high time-out upon it!" drawing a leather bottomed stool towards him with his foot, and gravely shaking his head as 66 he, at the same time, carelessly opened an old book; then laying down his hat, as he was about to be seated, the bookseller begged he might first wipe the seat. "No, no, I'll wipe it myself," said the dean, eyeing him almost out of countenance, whilst he dusted the seat with the tail of his coat, adding, with another serious shake of his head-" Ah, master crispin! you are mighty civil spoken, like your neighbours that costs not much; but, as for thy sorrow, man, I don't believe a word of the matter." "The more's the pity," said crispin. " And why?" demanded the dean. "And why? reverend sir," retorted the bookseller, " the bookseller, "why, if thy faith were but as a grain of mustard-seed, thou mightest remove a mountain." "Oh! oh!" answered the dean, looking him through with his keen eye, "what! you quote holy writ, do you! you are right, master crispin, ticket your wares with texts of Scripture, and you may cheat that wily old trickster, Belzebub, himself. Out upon it, master crispin, no wonder you thrive. When shopkeepers preach, was the saying in my country." "That must be a strange land of your's, your reverence, where this is delivered as gospel.' 66 Why, master crispin, I came from a strange country, sure enough-there you have hit it," changing his countenance, at once, to a smile, “mine is a land of wond'rous odd mortals, sure enough! But, what have we here, good man?" reaching from |