in discharging the royal salute from the battery, then at the bottom of East-street, had the deplorable misfortune to lose his

arms.

This melancholy and regretted event, occasioned by one of the guns (twenty-four pounders) missing fire, and in the insufficient manner in which the vent or touch-hole of the cannon was stopped or served, in the attempt that was afterwards made to draw the charge; for the current of air not being effectually prevented by the pressure which was applied for that purpose, a spark or sparks that, unfortunately, remained in the gun, from preceding use, exploded the cartridge as the

man was in the act of extracting it, and produced the calamity mentioned; but which, had the vent been duly and properly supplied, would not have occurred. It is somewhat remarkable, that when the princess Amelia, his late majesty's sister, paid her only visit to Brighton, a few years previous to the above accident only, that a similar event should have taken place at the same battery; with this difference, however, that the man then, whose name was kidd, lost his life; whereas, the other, whose name was Tooson, survived the accident, and was a resident, in good health, of this town and neighbourhood subsequently, for many years.

1626.

But the king easily perceived that his royal father and himself were as much concerned in it as the duke—their favours being made his crimes; and their authority in bestowing offices and honours on whom they pleased, not obscurely questioned.

But the storm went higher than the duke, some part of it falling downright on the king himself; it being openly affirmed in the House of Commons by one Mr. Coke (a true chip of the old block), "that it was as good to die by a foreign enemy as to be destroyed at home." Of this reproach, tending so much to the dishonour of his government, he complained in a speech before both houses, but without any remedy. And being further incensed by the noise of a declaration

which they had then upon the anvil, he dissolved the parliament on the eighteenth day of June, then following.

No sooner was he freed from this, but the necessity of his affairs involved him in another embroilment. The French priests and domestics of that nation which came into England with the queen, were grown so insolent, and had put so many affronts upon him, that he was forced to send them home; in which, he did no more than what the French king had done before him, in sending back all the Spanish courtiers which his queen brought with her. But the French king not looking on his own example, and knowing on what ill terms the king stood both at home and abroad, first seized on all the merchants ships

which lay in the river of Bourdeaux, and then brake out into open war. So that the king was fain to make use of those forces against the French, which were designed to have been used against the Spaniard, and to comply with the desires of the Rochelers, who humbly sued for his protection and defence. But the fleet not going out till after Michaelmas, found greater opposition at the sea than they feared from the land, being encountered with strong tempests, and thereby necessitated to return without doing any thing, but only shewing the king's good-will and readinesse toward their assist

ance.

1627.

But the next yeare this design was followed with greater vigour by the duke of Buckingham, who hoped thereby to make himself of some consideration in the eyes of the people. The gaining of the Isle of Re, which lay before the town of Rochel, and imbarred their trade, was the matter aimed at and he had strength enough both for sea and land to have done the work, if he had not followed it more like a courtier than a soldier-suffering himself to be complimented out of the taking of their chief fort, when it was almost at his mercy -and standing upon points of honour in facing those forces which were sent from the French king to raise the siege, when he might have made a safe retreat unto his ships without losse or danger.

In the mean time, his majesty neither neglected his affairs at home nor his friends abroad. At home he found the Puritan fac

tion to be much increased by the remisnesse of the government of archbishop Abbot, whom, therefore, he suspended from all his metropoliticall jurisdiction, and confined him to his house at Ford, in Kent, committing the exercise thereof to the bishops of London, Durham, Rochester, Oxford, Bath and Wells, by letters patents, bearing date the 9th day of October, anno 1627. Abroad he found the princes of Germany wormed out of their estates, one after another, by the emperour's forces-the king of Denmark (whom they had made the head of their league) being driven out of the country by count Tilly, and hardly able to defend his own dominions. No prince so fit for the prosecution of that cause, as Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, whom, therefore, he elects into the noble order of the Garter, and solemnly invests him with it in the midst of his army, then lying at the siege of Darsaw, a town of Pomerella, belonging to the crown of Poland, on Sunday the twenty-third of October, of the same year also. At which time he laid the grounds of that confederacy, which being seconded by the French, the states of the United Provinces, and the distressed princes of the empire, brought that king into Germany; where he gave the first great check to the emperour's fortunes, and had restored the prince elector Palatine to his ancient patrimony, if he had not fallen unfortunately at the battell of Lutzen.

1628.

Being thus ingaged and embroiled, he gave a beginning to his third parliament on the seven

teenth of March, and freely declares to them the necessities under which he lay; in answer whereunto the commons voted five subsidies but meant he should pay dearly for them before he had them. Such grievances as they thought fit to insist upon, were cast into the model of a petition, by them called a "petition of right;" which if the king granted, he must lose his prerogative; if he denied it, he must lose all hopes of their supply in his great extremities. The consideration of which last induced him to yield to their desires, and confirm the petition by act of parliament-the prerogative never so much descending from perch to popular lure, as by that concession. But though this act of grace might have given satisfaction even to supererogation (as one well observed), yet the commons were not so contented, but were preparing a remonstrance to take away his right of tonnage and poundage, as disclaimed by him in that act; which coming to the king's knowledge, on the twenty-sixth of June, he adjourns the parliament till the twentieth day of October, then next ensuing.

In the mean time the duke prepares for the relief of Rochel, both by sea and land; and being ready to set sail, was suddenly cut off at Portsmouth, by the hand of one John Felton, a discontented officer of the last year's army, alleging no other reason for that bloody act, but that the duke had been declared an enemy to the commonwealth, in a remonstrance tendered to the king in the former session.

But such was the constancy of the king's temper, and the known

evenness of his spirit, that this sad accident made little or no stop in the proceedings of the fleet; which at the last set forwards under the command of the earl of Lindsey, who found the haven of Rochel so strongly barred, that it was utterly impossible for his ships to force their way (though it was gallantly attempted) and give relief to the besieged; who, thereupon, set open their gates, and received their king into their town without more delay.

To smooth his way to the next session of parliament, adjourned again till the twentieth of January, archbishop Abbot is admitted to kisse his hand, by whom he is commanded not to fail of his attendance at the council table; Dr. Barnaby Potter (a thoroughplaced Calvinian) is made bishop of Carlisle; and Mr. Mountague's book, called "Appello Cæsarem" (for which he had been questioned and molested in the beginning of the king's first parliament) must be supprest and called in by proclamation.

But this little edified with the faction in the House of Commons; who, not only took upon them the reforming of the church and state, but called the customers in question for levying tonnage and poundage, not then granted (nor ever likely to be granted as it had been formerly) by act of parliament, and distraining such merchants' goods as refused to pay it and in this point they went so high, that fearing they should be dissolved before they had vented their own passions in that particular, upon the second day of March they lockt the doors of the parliamenthouse-kept the key thereof, in

one of their pockets-and held the speaker by strong hand in his chair, till they had thundered out their anathemaes, not only against such as should dare to levie it, but those, also, who should willingly pay it. The news of which riotous proceed

SATIRICAL ADVICE TO SCOTTISH SERVANTS.

(Continued from page 174.) But the manner, as well as the times of doing your business, demands attention. As a general rule, I would recommend that wherever you go, high or low, you leave some goodly token of having been there at work. A dirty dusting cloth upon the drawing-room sopha-a zig-zag line of small coal or ashes from the hearth to the door-the scrubbing brush or the greasy rags with which you rubbed the grates or brass locks, will agreeably indicate your labours to all who enter the rooms-while the operations going on may be pleasantly inferred by strangers, from a pile of chamber utensils on the landing place, with pails and cloths scattered about. I can see no good reason for keeping people in the dark, as your mistress often wishes to do, about her domestic arrangements. When you clean tin covers, knives, forks, &c. be sure you leave a portion of the stuff about them-particularly between the prongs of the forks. I have seen a servant suffer silver spoons to be so gilded that they actually became golden ones, which no doubt tells for the wealth of the

a

family. Whatever you clean you need not be very particular about it, as you can do it better next time; and as to keeping things clean, that can be no business of mistresses. I am sure it is not them that have it to do again. In all your labours never spare sand or whitening. These articles, like charity, cover multitude of sins. Besides the places they are used to brighten, by the help of your fair feet and ten toes, the whole stairs, passages, and rooms may be beautifully variegated with a sort of Mosaic, or tesselated pavement, which I have seen produce a very fine effect on floors at Inverness. Under this head I may briefly advise, that when you sweep a chamber, you allow the corners to stay till next time. Sweep all into the fire place, and as you probably forgot the dust pan, which is gone with coals to the nursery, let the sweeping lie till they gather to be worth taking away; or sweep the rooms out upon the stairs and leave the dust there till you do something else. This will probably give you the whole business to do again, and shew industry and activity.

You will sometimes be blamed for carelessness and negligence in breaking earthenware and crystal, pouring boiling water

on knives, and allowing polished grates, fire irons and other things of the kind to rust-very innocently, I am sure. Such things can never be a fault of your committing. You find the dishes broken in the morning in the press, or I dare say "they just came in pieces in your hand without a mortal touching them." But if the worst come to the worst, it must be a poor house in which there is neither cat, dog nor bairn to take the blame off the

poor servant. As to allowing fine furniture to spoil, how can you help it. I dare say you clean it as often as other folks' servants, and I am sure you cleaned it only the week before last, however it is now. When ordered to take up the carpets to be dusted, never trouble yourself about undoing the nails-give them a good hearty pull, and never fear but they will come to you. Some mistresses make a sad fuss about keeping the carpets from grease, fire, &c. Pay no regard to such rediculous fears. Talking of fires a great deal of your reputation will depend upon your management of the fires : grand rule, I would say, never spare fuel coals and peat must be supplied, and choke them up. It remains with your mistress what is to be done with them. Wood must often be furnished by your own industry. Barrels, baskets, packing cases, and the old furniture stowed up in the garret, will supply you. True, these articles may be wanted again, and may cost money, but that is nothing to you. When a fire is ordered in haste for unexpected visiters, an old book or a parcel of letters is a

as a

handy thing. Upon this dash some whale oil from the kitchen lamp, or a lump of suet, and I warrant me you'll have a fire ; while at the same time you diffuse a fragrance through the house which must greatly redound to your credit, and give strangers a good idea of the family management. Be sure also, at all times, but especially upon such occasions, to keep the bellows in exercise. This hospitable sound never fails to betoken an active forecasting servant. The economy of many of your number induces them to heap bones, fish, decayed vegetables, and all the refuse of the kitchen, on that most convenient of all places, the back of the kitchen fire. Enough cannot be said in praise of this truly Highland practice, sucked in, I may say, with your mother's milk. Town's folks snuff up their noses, but let them -they will come on by degrees : the nose is said by philosophers to be the most placable of all the senses. In a physical view this practice is commendable, since burnt feathers and candle snuffs are recommended for squeamish people. This also justifies your practice of never extinguishing a candle properly, but allowing it to regale the noses of all the family; and probably you have also in view the enormous profits of the fire officers, and wish a little to increase their risk. Upon all occasions use a bold poker. A Highlander is not more distinguished by a charge of bayonets, than a Highland serving wench at a charge of pokers upon an English coal fire. Give it home to the very hilt; then adroitly charge from flank to flank, right