NEWBERY THE BOOKSELLER, JAMES'S POWDERS, AND OLIVER GOLDSMITH. BROWSING around the "no man's land" of my library, I have found a curious document which should, I think, be deposited in the British Museum or in the library of some bibliophile who makes a speciality of the Newbery publications or of Goldsmith, but which should first be noted in the encyclopedic pages of N. & Q' I seem to have acquired it from some bookseller, whose catalogue description of it runs as follows:

"The Original (Autograph MS.) Account-Book of F. Newbery, Bookseller in St. Paul's Churchyard, as Agent for the sale of Dr. R. James's Fever Powders and Pills, from Feb., 1768, to July, 1798, original MSS. with the signatures of R. and F. Newbery to the various accounts. Woodout of John Newbery receiving Goldsmith on the Introduction of Dr. Johnson, and cuttings inserted, cr. 8vo."

The first page is occupied by a florid autograph of "Francis Newbery, Jun"; the third by the woodcut above mentioned, printed on card; and the fourth by two advertisements, cut from contemporary newspapers, of "Dr. James's Powder for Fevers, the Small Pox, Measles, Pleurisies, Quincies [sic], Acute Rheumatisms, Colds, and all Inflammatory Disorders," with full descriptions of the qualities of this celebrated nostrum. The first of these is dated (in MS.) 1751, and the second (in print) 14 June, 1763.

For more than half an hour he sat by the bed-side urging the probable danger: but unable to prevail him [sic] to promise that he would not resort to it. Hawes after great difficulty got his permission to send for Dr. Fordyce, who, arriving soon after warning against the fever-medicine as strong, but Hawes had left, seems to have given Goldsmith a as unavailing. Hawes sent medicine and leeches, and in the hope that Fordyce would succeed, did not send the fever-powders. The leeches were applied, the medicine rejected, and the lad who brought them was sent back for a packet of the powders.

Such is the narrative of Hawes: which there is in formal statements subsequently published by no ground for disputing. Other facts appeared Francis Newbery, to vindicate the fame of the medicine.

As soon as Goldsmith took the powder sent him from the surgery of Hawes, he protested it was the wrong powder, was very angry with Hawes, and threatened to pay his bill next day, and disfrom Newbery's. In the afternoon and night of patched Eyles (his servant) for a fresh packet Saturday, two of the fresh powders were administered. The nurse was sent for another apothecary, who came, but declined to act as matters stood. Such is the substance of the evidence of the servants.

The statement breaks off here, and the powder accounts continue. I have not the D.N.B.' at hand, but this relation curiously amplifies that given in the 'Encyclopædia BriThe first entry records the receipt by tannica,' which merely records that by prescrib"Robt Newbery," on 19 February, 1768, of ing for himself Goldsmith aggravated his "Twelve Gross Powder," of the value of 127. malady, and died on 3 April, 1774. Chambers The sale appears to have been enormous, the ascribes his death mainly to his insistence first page recording the delivery to Newbery, upon taking James's powders. The 'Life' between February and October, of ninety-prefixed to the Aldine edition of his poems nine gross of powders. The receipts are signed by Robert and Francis Newbery and various of their clerks, and on 17 March, 1772, the account is "Settled and Ballanced in full to Janry, 1772," and signed by Dr. James and "Francis Newbery Junior." These "settlements" appear in 1773 and 1774, and at this point two sheets of paper are inserted bearing the following observations in the handwriting of Dr. James :

Death of Oliver Goldsmith,
April 4th, 1774.

On the afternoon of Friday the 25th of March he took to his bed, and at eleven o'clock at night a Surgeon Apothecary named Hawes, whom Goldsmith was in the habit of consulting, was sent for. He found Goldsmith complaining of voilent [sic] pains, extending over all the forepart of his head; his tongue moist, his pulse at ninety, and his mind made up that he should be cured by Jame's [sic] fever-powders. He had derived such benefit from this fashionable medicine in previous attacks, that it seems to have left him with an [sic] obstinate a

gives an outline of the above story, referring for further details to the Monthly Review, 1774, vol. i. p. 404, and a pamphlet by Mr. Hawes purporting to set forth the facts. A more detailed account appears in the introduction to Routledge's 'Complete Works of Oliver Goldsmith' (London, 1890), but it is extremely interesting to have Dr. James's autograph account of the matter. Mr. Charles Welsh gives a very interesting account of the relations existing between the Newberys and Dr. James in his 'Bookseller of the Last Century' (London, 1885), and of the death of Goldsmith under the circumstances recorded; and Mr. Welsh speaks ex cathedra as a member of the firm of "Griffith, Farran, Okeden & Welsh, successors to Newbery & Harris," and consequently in command of such documents as may exist bearing upon this matter.

The account-book continues in the same

highest order. A "feeding storm" is recog- of General Monck. The volume contains nized in Scottish districts that are not a few passes and orders dated after the specially pastoral in character, and the mean- Restoration, appended to the full daily ing that seems to be attached to it in such record of orders issued by him prior to that places is that of a lingering period of snowy event. It is in Worcester College library weather, when the snow actually on the (Clarke MS. xlix. fo. 155b):ground is increased or fed by intermittent falls. This is, no doubt, the kind of weather divers persons doe presume to come and play in his "26 Aprill, 1662.-Order, that wheras there are that necessitates "hand-feeding," as flock- Majesty's Pall-Mall in S. James's Parke without masters call the tedious process of giving the leave or approbation of the keeper of the said their animals artificial supplies, and so far Pall-Mall, itt is his Majesty's pleasure and comthe non-pastoral usage and Sir Walter Scott's soever shall play in the said Pall-Mall without the mand, that heerafter noe person or persons whatdefinition are at one. At the same time the licence of Lawrence Du-puy Esq. keeper of the former overlaps, and indeed includes, the said Pall Mall, and that noe persons shall after latter, just as it does another, which attri-play carry their malls out of S. James's Parke butes the name "feeding storm" to the well-without leave of the said keeper, butt shall carry known voracious habit of birds in immediate them to bee kept in the house appointed for that anticipation of a prolonged visitation of snow. command or keepe the guards in S. James's Parke purpose. And all officers or souldiers who shall THOMAS BAYNE. are to bee assisting to Mr. Du-puy in the observance of this order."

"A BAD DAY AND A WORSE."-The old gossips still use hundreds of unrecorded sayings. One of them who has been " on the soil" here for seventy years, talking of the shortcomings of a friend, a neighbour, said of her, "Ah! she'll have a bad day and a worse," meaning that she would come to grief,

and worse. Worksop.

THOS. RATCLIFFE.

"THREE ACRES AND A Cow.". I am not aware that this celebrated political catchphrase, used first, I believe, in the House of Commons by Mr. Jesse Collings, has been traced to its source, or at any rate its probable source-that is, the following passage from Sir John Sinclair's Code of Agriculture' (fifth edition, 1832, Appendix 2, 'On Cottagers keeping Cows and the Establishment of Parochial Dairy Farms,' p. 50):

"In order to promote so useful a measure, I was induced to draw up a plan for enabling a cottager to keep a cow on the produce of a small portion of arable land. It was there stated that three statute acres and a quarter of good arable land, worth from 20s. to 30s. per acre, would be sufficient, and a course of crops was pointed out for the management of this little farm. Such a plan was found might answer where the labourer was peculiarly intelligent and industrious, and pursued what may be called the field gardening husbandry of Flanders, but could not be adopted as a general system. It has never, therefore, been prosecuted to any extent."

Those interested in the subject may like to know that the plan referred to was contained in a volume of 'Miscellaneous Essays,' published by Sir John Sinclair in 1802.

JAMES HOOPER.

[See 8th S. xi. 365, 432, 475, 517; xii. 57.] PALL MALL.-The following notice relating to Pall Mall is copied from the Order Book

C. H. FIRTH.

JAPANESE NAMES.-I see the manager of the Criterion, in announcing the season of Japanese plays, calls the principal actor Otojiro Kawakami. This is presumably out of deference to our insular prejudices, as the Japanese way of writing it would be just the reverse, Kawakámi Otojiro, surname first and 66 Christian name second. Japanese "Christian the order of birth of the children of a family, names indicate by their termination ending in -taro for an eldest son, in -jiro for a second son, in -saburo for a third, and so on down to juro for a tenth. means Gen-first-male, Otojiro means OtoGentaro second-male. These terminations are also used alone as 66 Christian prefix. Thus Saburo is equivalent to the names, without classical Tertius. Eida Saburo, a name well known to collectors of Japanese works of art, might be translated Tertius Eida.

JAS. PLATT, Jun.

sometimes misspelt and frequently misDAHLIA AND FUCHSIA.-These names are pronounced owing to neglect of their origin. If we bear in mind that they commemorate two botanists, Dahl and Fuchs, we shall not give the name-sound to the a in dahlia, nor pronounce fuchsia as if the c were absent. Flower - names like bougainvillia and poinhave suffered less; and so have deutzia and settia, derived from those of Frenchmen, kalmia, though from Germans.

ISAAC TAYLOR.

THE PRICE OF INK, 1288.- Historical students may remember that the Dialogus de Scaccario' states (book i. chap. iii.) that in Michaelmas term two shillings are due for ink for either exchequer for the whole year,

"quos sibi de antiquo jure vendicat sacrista his early life? Ozell in the preface to majoris Ecclesie Westmonasterie" (in Stubbs's his translation of 'Manlius Capitolinus' says 'Select Charters,' 1895, p. 175). The price of that Lafosse studied at Oxford, and Reed ink a century after the composition of the (Biographia Dramatica,' vol. iii.) repeats the 'Dialogus' was much higher, and the supply statement. G. H. G. of it was in the hands of another official; for in the Rotulus Memorandorum of Easter term, 16 Edward I. (Issue Roll, Pells, No. 40), is the entry, "Precentori Westmonasteriensi pro incausto de dimidio anno xl. d. liberat. eidem." Q. V.

"KENTISH FIRE."-Will any readers of 'N. & Q' tell us what is meant exactly by this expression? Various and somewhat contradictory statements have come under our notice, and in newspapers remote from Kent it is perhaps often used vaguely for any sort of stormy applause. The term is usually said to have originated in reference to meetings held in Kent in 1828-9 in opposition to the Catholic Relief Bill; is there evidence of this? As the part of the 'Dictionary' including this is now in revise, early replies are asked.

Oxford.

J. A. H. MURRAY.

[See 2nd S. i. 182, 423; viii. 278.] GOLDSMITH'S PUBLISHERS.—I am desirous of obtaining as much information as possible about the various publishers of Goldsmith's works: Griffiths, the bookseller, the sign of "The Dunciad," in Paternoster Row; J. Wilkie, at "The Bible," in St. Paul's Churchyard; Pottinger, the publisher of the Busybody; Thomas Davis; Payne, of Paternoster Row; Griffin, of Fetter Lane; Benjamin Collins, of Salisbury; Kearsley, who published 'Retaliation.' I am, of course, familiar with the Newberys, of whom I published an account in my Bookseller of the Last Century (1881). If any of your correspondents can direct me to sources of information about any of the eighteenth-century publishers I have named above, I shall be extremely obliged. CHAS. WELSH.

110, Boylston Street, Boston, U.S.

[A life of Thomas Davies (not Davis) is in the 'D.N.B.' Consult Nichols's 'Literary Anecdotes.']

ANTOINE DE LAFOSSE IN ENGLAND.-Is there any proof that the French playwright Antoine de Lafosse lived in England during

Alumni Oxonienses,' nor do French dictionaries [No mention of Lafosse appears in Mr. Foster's of biography refer to his visit.]

"IN THE DAYS WHEN WE WENT GIPSYING." Will some one kindly send me the words of the old song,

-

In the days when we went gipsying,

A long time ago,

or at least tell me where I can find them? In case I should receive several copies from one and another, will the senders be so good as to accept a general acknowledgment in 'Notices to Correspondents'? Charlotte Brontë's readers will remember that the first two lines are quoted in 'Jane Eyre,' chap. iii. According to Mr. John Bartlett, the words are by Edwin Ransford (query his date). Who is the composer of the air?

JONATHAN BOUCHIER.

Ropley, Alresford, Hants.

[Edwin Ransford, vocalist and actor, 1805-76; see D.N.B.' The song was cleverly parodied by Planché in lines beginning (we quote from distant memory): Oh, the days when we went tipsying, a long time were certainly the happiest days a man could ever

ago,

know;

We drank champagne from glasses long and hock
from glasses green,

And nothing like a cup of tea was ever to be seen
We recall Ransford as a vocalist.]
In the days, &c.

REDMAYNES OF THORNTON-IN-LONSDALE, YORKSHIRE.—I am anxious to discover the connexion of James Redman, the founder (circa 1450) of this branch of the family of Redman (of Levens and Harewood Castle), with the earlier members of the family (Sir Matthew Redman, &c.) of Levens, Westmoreland, of whom he was, I think, a descendant. I should also be very grateful for any light on the pedigree of William Redmayne, of Burton-in-Lonsdale (d. 1818), or of Richard Redmayne, of Holme Head, who died 1721. I shall be very glad to exchange notes, of which I have a very large quantity, with any gentleman interested in the pedigree of the Thornton Redmaynes. W. GREENWOOD. Croylands, Spring Grove, Isleworth.

MAYORS OF NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME.-Can any of your readers fill in the names of persons who occupied the mayoral chair in Newcastle during the following years? Prior to 1317; 1319-37 inclusive; 1339-67 inclusive; 1388,