SESSION 4. NATIONAL DAIRY COUNCIL DAY.

Honorary chairman, Dr. ALEIXO DE VASCONCELLOS, chief of milk section, Ministry of Agriculture, Rio de Janeiro.

Chairman, The Hon. F. P. WILLITS, Secretary of agriculture of the State of Pennsylvania.

FURNESS SCHOOL, THIRD AND MIFFLIN STREETS,

Philadelphia, Thursday, October 4, 1923—9.30 a. m. Chairman WILLITS. On behalf of the secretary of agriculture of Pennsylvania, the secretary of the Philadelphia Interstate Dairy Council, the president of the National Dairy Council, and of the Interstate Milk Producers Association, we welcome you to this city and to the Nation.

I will now present the Hon. J. Hampton Moore, mayor of Philadelphia. [Applause.]

ADDRESS OF WELCOME.

JOSEPH HAMPTON MOORE, mayor of Philadelphia.

Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen: The mayor of Philadelphia extends greetings to the World's Dairy Congress, assembling for a brief period in this historic city. No group could be more welcome than those who compose this visiting delegation. They encourage, produce, and distribute food supplies, without which no great community could long endure. The consumer, who is vitally concerned, is brought by this Congress to a keener appreciation of the service rendered by the producer and the distributor. Without dairy products produced and carefully inspected, communities like Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, or San Francisco would sadly deteriorate. The wonder is that the producer is so well enabled to serve the vast populations which rely upon his product. In a city like Philadelphia, the greater wonder is that the more than 2,000,000 of people may be adequately served, and served daily, in the home and in the refectory, so that domestic as well as business life may be pursued upon an even keel. Still greater is the wonder when one contemplates, in a city like this, the relation of the products of the dairy to the health of the community, the upbuilding of the child, the strengthening of the adult, the improvement and advancement of the race. Truly, it is a worthy group, producers of the sustaining quality of the vitality of a people, who assemble in Philadelphia to-day.

Accept this, if you please, not only as a word of welcome but also as a tribute; for the mayor of this city, the third in population in the United States but the second in industrial importance, realizes full well what it means to have represented here, even for a day, 40 nations, all of them interested in the vital problem of the production and distribution of food supplies. How long could London, or Paris.

or Berlin, or Moscow, or New York, or Philadelphia, or San Francisco, or Tokio exist without your support and assistance? It is not a new problem but an old one which even the legislators of our various countries have not yet fully solved. A long term in the Congress of the United States taught me something of the problem of production and distribution-the relation of the producer to the consumer-the method of transporting supplies from the soil to the home. Not difficult is the problem to the producer himself within himself, because he can consume and support himself upon that which he produces, but vastly different the problem of the urbanite in such great communities as those referred to or in this city, with its 2,000,000 people. We must have a reliance upon you and your organized and scientific methods. The strength of our children and the health of our people depend upon it. We have not, within the confines of any of our great municipalities, the means to adequately support ourselves in foodstuffs. We must rely, even as you do over yonder in Europe, upon those faithful producers and toilers behind the dikes in Holland down from the Helder, or elsewhere in the fertile fields of your various nations. In this city, for the proper physical upbuilding of our youth and the sustenance of our masses, we must rely upon neighboring counties with fertile farm areas, like Bucks, Montgomery, Chester, and Delaware. In this city of 129 square miles we have left only about 20 or 25 thousand tillable acres, which for pasture purposes must be greatly reduced. Think, then, of the work you have to do in providing for us, and accept our appreciation of your coming to consider the further service you may render. As an observer and one who steals a little time to think about these municipal problems, I greet you heartily and cheerfully as those whose work is closer, perhaps, than any other to nature and to nature's God. If it be a matter of satisfaction to you to know that you are heartily received in this city, which, while third in population in the Nation, we believe to be first in all patriotic and inspirational landmarks and traditions, then accept our renewed assurance because of the useful service you render mankind. You are thrice welcome. [Applause.]

Chairman WILLITS. I now have the pleasure of introducing to you Doctor Vasconcellos, of Brazil. [Applause.] Doctor Vasconcellos is our honorary chairman in place of Mr. Buckley, who is not here.

Dr. ALEIXO DE VASCONCELLOS. In the name of the Brazilian Government, I have the honor to rise and toast this great undertaking that the epic genius of the American people puts forward under the charming style of an epopee. This is, without doubt, one of the most important of the international conferences that have taken place in recent years.

The collaboration of science, business, and commerce in constructing a great work of world interest will show the strength of ideal fed by the noble American spirit of making milk, which is the great gift of nature, the idol of mankind. I know how much the enterprising spirit of this privileged race is capable of. It is enough to see the engineering masterpieces as one travels in this great land, to form a true idea of the great working capacity of the men of this

country. In viewing this amazing activity and this gigantic architectural art, all foreigners have the same feeling of wonder, just as they have when they go to Brazil and are faced by the marvels of

nature.

The World's Dairy Congress, then, will be one more movement to add to the pile of great works that have been achieved in the United States. I am certain that all the civilized countries are going to profit largely from the teachings of this congress, not so much from what we will see as from what you will show us, as illustrious foreigners, delegates and leaders of the milk industry. Such is the importance of this discussion and the amplitude of the scope that was given it by the untiring committee, to whom I now wish to express my homage, that it gives to milk questions a new phase of extraordinary prosperity.

My country followed with great interest the organization of this congress and hopes to profit from the points cleared up by the discussions in order to introduce improvements into the milk trade, which is to her an important source of income and a matter of vital importance.

In the name of the Brazilian Government, then, I sincerely wish complete success to this great congress. Coupled with this wish, I should like to mention the name of the illustrious president, Mr. Van Norman, to whom I desire to express my compliments and in our name to congratulate all those who have in any way contributed to the success of this congress.

I now have the pleasant duty to salute the foreign delegates who by their knowledge shall contribute largely to our brilliant results. I now offer the American people and this great Government my warmest and most heartfelt salutation! [Applause.]

Chairman WILLITS. I have one apology to make and I am sorry to have to make it. The chairman for this meeting. Doctor King, is unable to come, being tied up in his work at Harrisburg. I know what that work is and I am sure he is just as sorry as you and I— I think I am more sorry than anybody else.

I have now the honor of introducing to you Mr. Munn, who is head of the dairy council work of the United States, one who deserves more credit, perhaps, than any, for the work that has been done to educate the public to the value of the dairy cow for the public health. Mr. Munn. [Applause.]

Mr. M. D. MUNN. Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen: We have endeavored to arrange this program this morning so as to give you a demonstration of what the council work is rather than any address from a member of the council occupying the position that I do; also we wish to have this program move off exactly on time, and it is important that it should do so because of the children who are coming in here a little later to take part in the demonstrational work.

At Washington you had sounded to you the inspirational note of this great gathering, and we wish to add to the volume of that note here in Philadelphia by way of demonstration so that you may carry on with you in your journey to Syracuse the great message which we hope you will receive from this country and which we, in turn,

hope to receive from these wonderful delegates from the foreign countries.

This program is arranged so that you will have pictured to you by voice and act some of the work of the National Dairy Council. It carries through the entire day. We hope that by this means we can give you a more perfect picture of what we are doing and how we are doing it than we could by mere addresses.

Another reason why I am refraining from speaking upon the subject alloted to me upon this program this morning is that I am on the program at Syracuse where I shall say what I have to say on the subject assigned to me here this morning, but I do wish you to get this picture so that you may better understand what would be said at Syracuse than perhaps you otherwise would.

I can't refrain, however, from adding just a word to what his honor, the mayor of this great city, said when he referred to the volume of milk consumed in this city. Doubtless you may have had it called to your attention, so I am speaking especially now to the foreign delegates, about the volume of milk produced in this country. The council has attempted to put in rather concrete form the volume of milk produced in 1922 in this country-100,000,000,000 pounds in round numbers. That does not mean very much in words and figures, but let me put it a little more concisely to you. If we put this milk in 10-gallon cans, the volume of milk produced in 1922 would fill enough cans, placed side by side, to reach ten times around the earth. [Applause.] That milk was all produced in this country. It was mostly all consumed in this country. [Applause.]

I refer to that fact only to emphasize how keenly we realize in this country the important relationship of this great foster mother of man to human welfare.

With this brief outline of the program, I am going to beg leave to defer my remarks until you reach Syracuse so that the time of the program may not be in any way curtailed for this demonstration which we are so anxious should be put on for you to see. [Applause.] Chairman WILLITS. I now have the pleasure of introducing to you Mr. Balderston, who is secretary of the Interstate Dairy Council of Philadelphia. Mr. Balderston has developed this educational program here and he is at the head of the work in this State. I want to say to you that the work that has been accomplished here is largely due to what he has done. Mr. Balderston will speak to you on "Programs and methods." Mr. Balderston. [Applause.]

PROGRAMS AND METHODS.

ROBERT W. BALDERSTON, Secretary, Philadelphia Interstate Dairy Council, Philadelphia, Pa.

The National Dairy Council operates as a national health agency, with branches and local group affiliations in all parts of the country. It derives its funds from regular contributions by the various dairy interests. It cooperates in health education, local and national, and institutes and stimulates many new movements, placing particular emphasis, quite naturally, on proper nutrition.

Its particular contribution to national health is in the dissemination of the knowledge of the newer developments in scientific research in the factors that make for optimum health.

Its educational platform covers the eight health rules, now so generally recognized, which are:

(1) Brush the teeth every day.

(2) Eat fruit every day.

(3) Drink at least four glasses of water every day.

(4) Eat some vegetable besides potato every day.

(5) Drink four glasses of milk each day.

(6) Play part of every day out of doors. (7) Take a bath at least twice a week.

(8) Sleep long hours with the windows open.

But for the sake of efficiency, it specializes in methods of teaching children and adults proper food selection. Dairy Council work, for convenience, is now clearly departmentalized.

FORM OF ORGANIZATION.

I. The nutrition department is always the most important. In its activities are included:

1. Cooperation in nutrition and other special health classes in schools.

2. Demonstrations of health dishes which emphasize milk and its products. 3. Lectures on health and nutrition to

(a) Elementary schools.

(b) Women's organizations.
(c) Men's clubs.

(d) High schools.

(e) Professional groups, such as nurses and social workers.

4. Supper clubs for young women, teaching proper food purchasing and attractive preparing for wholesome meals.

5. Essay, poster, and recipe contests.

6. Appropriate distribution of literature and posters in connection with all lectures and talks.

II. The quality control department is second in importance in most centers. It is engaged in educational work with producers, dealers, and consumers to improve the quality of our dairy products. Its program can be outlined as follows:

1. Inspection of milk at farms and collecting plants for

(a) Sediment.

(b) Bacteria.

(c) Acidity.

2. Farm inspection with score card.

3. Milk plant inspection.

4. Personal visits to dairymen for advice.

5. Educational meetings with lectures and motion pictures.

6. Actual demonstrations of clean, safe milk production.

7. Preparation of appropriate literature for general distribution.

III. The department of health dramatics specializes in health plays, stories, and talks. The value of play and "make-believe" is now recognized as a valuable stimulus in interesting the child in proper life habits, as well as in his general school work.

1. Children are trained to take part in health plays which emphasize the important part milk and its products play in the health of a nation.

2. Adult plays are given with older groups.

3. Stories and talks illustrated by actual objects are given in school assemblies.

IV. The activities of the general publicity department include:

1. Newspaper and magazine articles on all related subjects.

2. Some modest advertising in periodicals and newspapers, billboards, and posters, to acquaint the public with our work and the products we are representing.

3. Attractive educational motion pictures shown in theaters.