Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, 1866 - 591 pages |
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Page vii
... natural agents limited , others practically unlimited , in quantity CHAPTER II . Of Labour as an Agent of Production . $ 1 . Labour employed either directly about the thing produced , or in operations preparatory to its production 2 ...
... natural agents limited , others practically unlimited , in quantity CHAPTER II . Of Labour as an Agent of Production . $ 1 . Labour employed either directly about the thing produced , or in operations preparatory to its production 2 ...
Page viii
... Natural advantages 3 . greater energy of labour 4 . 5 . superior skill and knowledge - • superiority of intelligence and trustworthiness in the commu- nity generally 6 . - superior security 3838 52 63 65 66 67 70 CHAPTER VIII . Of Co ...
... Natural advantages 3 . greater energy of labour 4 . 5 . superior skill and knowledge - • superiority of intelligence and trustworthiness in the commu- nity generally 6 . - superior security 3838 52 63 65 66 67 70 CHAPTER VIII . Of Co ...
Page xi
... natural monopolies 3. Effect on wages of a class of subsidized competitors 5. Wages of women , why lower than those of men 233 236 238 4. of the competition of persons with independent means of sup- 240 242 6. Differences of wages ...
... natural monopolies 3. Effect on wages of a class of subsidized competitors 5. Wages of women , why lower than those of men 233 236 238 4. of the competition of persons with independent means of sup- 240 242 6. Differences of wages ...
Page xii
... natural monopoly 255 2. No land can pay rent except land of such quality or situation , as exists in less quantity than the demand 255 3. The rent of land consists of the excess of its return above the return to the worst land in ...
... natural monopoly 255 2. No land can pay rent except land of such quality or situation , as exists in less quantity than the demand 255 3. The rent of land consists of the excess of its return above the return to the worst land in ...
Page xviii
... natural causes a fit subject of peculiar taxation 492 6. A land tax , in some cases , not taxation , but a rent - charge in favour of the public . 493 7. Taxes falling on capital , not necessarily objectionable 494 · CHAPTER III . Of ...
... natural causes a fit subject of peculiar taxation 492 6. A land tax , in some cases , not taxation , but a rent - charge in favour of the public . 493 7. Taxes falling on capital , not necessarily objectionable 494 · CHAPTER III . Of ...
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Common terms and phrases
Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Bank of England capitalist cause cloth commodities competition condition consequence consumed corn corn laws cost of production crease cultivation currency dealers demand depend diminished duce duction effect employed employment England equal equivalent exchange exchange value exist expense exports fall farmer farms favour foreign France Germany greater habits important improvement income increase individual industry interest labour and capital labouring class land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metals metayer mode modities natural necessary obtained operations paid payment peasant persons political economy population portion possession principle produce proportion proprietors purchase quantity quired raise rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving society soil speculation sufficient sumers supply suppose taxation things tion tivation trade value of money wages wealth whole
Popular passages
Page 76 - One man draws out the wire, another straights it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations; to put it on is a peculiar business; to whiten the pins is another; it is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper; and the important business of making a pin is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen distinct operations, which in some manufactories are all performed by distinct hands,...
Page 454 - It is scarcely necessary to remark that a stationary condition of capital and population implies no stationary state of human improvement. There would be as much scope as ever for all kinds of mental culture, and moral and social progress ; as much room for improving the Art of Living, and much more likelihood of its being improved, when minds ceased to be engrossed by the art of getting on.
Page 128 - If, therefore, the choice were to be made between Communism with all its chances, and the present state of society •with all its sufferings and injustices; if the institution of private property...
Page 484 - First, the levying of it may require a great number of officers, whose salaries may eat up the greater part of the produce of the tax, and whose perquisites may impose another additional tax upon the people.
Page 556 - THE ONLY CASE IN WHICH, ON MERE PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, PROTECTING DUTIES CAN BE DEFENSIBLE, Is when they are imposed temporarily (especially in a young and rising nation) in hopes of naturalizing a foreign industry, in itself perfectly suitable to the circumstances of the country. The superiority of one country over another in a branch of production, often arises only from having begun it sooner. There may be no inherent advantage on one part, or disadvantage on the other, but only a present...
Page 556 - ... continued for a reasonable time, will sometimes be the least inconvenient mode in which the nation can tax itself for the support of such an experiment. But the protection should be confined to cases in which there is good ground of assurance that the industry which it fosters will after a time be able to dispense with it ; nor should the domestic producers ever be allowed to expect that it will be continued to them beyond the time necessary for a fair trial of what they are capable of accomplishing.
Page 171 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Page 123 - It is not so with the Distribution of Wealth. That is a matter of human institution solely. The things once there, mankind, individually or collectively, can do with them as they like.
Page 484 - Fourthly, by subjecting the people to the frequent visits and the odious examination of the tax-gatherers, it may expose them to much unnecessary trouble, vexation, and oppression...
Page 460 - In the present stage of human progress, when ideas of equality are daily spreading more widely among the poorer classes, and can no longer be checked by anything short of the entire suppression of printed discussion and even of freedom of speech, it is not to be expected that the division of the human race into two hereditary classes, employers and employed, can be permanently maintained.