MEASURE FOR MEASURE.

ACT I.

SCENE I. An Apartment in the Duke's Palace. Enter DUKE, ESCALUS, Lords, and Attendants.

ESCALUS,

Escal. My lord.

Duke.

Buke. Of government the properties to unfold, Would seem in me to affect speech and discourse; Since I am put to know 1, that your own science Exceeds, in that, the lists of all advice.

My strength can give you: Then no more remains
But that to your sufficiency, as your worth is able,
And let them work. The nature of our people,
Our city's institutions, and the terms,

For common justice, you are as pregnant in,
As art and practice hath enriched any

That we remember: There is our commission,

i. e. since I am so placed as to know.. Mr. Steevens says it may mean, I am compelled to acknowledge. And instances from Henry VI. Pt. ii. Sc. 1.

had I first been put to speak my mind.

2 Lists are bounds.

Some words seem to be lost here, the sense of which may have been

Then no more remaius

But that to your sufficiency you join

A zeal as willing, as your worth is able,

And let them work.

Sufficiency is skill in government; ability to execute his office. 4 i. e. ready in.

From which we would not have you warp.-Call

hither,

I say, bid come before us Angelo.

[Exit an Attendant.
What figure of us think you he will bear?
For you must know, we have with special sour
Elected him our absence to supply;

Lent him our terror, drest him with our love;
And given his deputation all the organs
Of our own power: What think you of it?
Escal. If any in Vienna be of worth

To undergo such ample grace and honour,
It is lord Angelo.

Duke.

Enter ANGELO.

Look, where he comes.

Ang. Always obedient to your grace's will, I come to know your pleasure.

Duke.
Angelo,
There is a kind of character in thy life,
That, to the observer doth thy history
Fully unfold: Thyself and thy belongings
Are not thine own so proper 5, as to waste
Thyself upon thy virtues, them on thee.
Heaven doth with us, as we with torches do;
Not light them for themselves: for if our virtues
Did not go forth of us, 'twere all alike

As if we had them not. Spirits are not finely touch'd,
But to fine issues 6: nor nature never lends
The smallest scruple of her excellence,

But, like a thrifty goddess, she determines
Herself the glory of a creditor,

Both thanks and use 8.

6 So much thy own property.

6 i. e. high purposes.

But I do bend my speech

Two negatives, not employed to make an affirmative, are common in Shakspeare's writings, 80 in Julius Cæsar :

'Nor to no Roman else,'

i. e. Nature requires and allots to herself the same advantages the creditors usually enjoy-thanks for the endowments she has bestowed, and extraordinary exertions in those, whem she has favoured; by way of use (i. e. interest) for what she has lent.

To one that can my part in him advértise9;
Hold therefore.-Angelo;

In our remove, be thou at full ourself;
Mortality and Mercy in Vienna

Live in thy tongue and heart 10: Old Escalus,
Though first in question, is thy secondary:
Take thy commission.

Ang.

Now, good my lord,

Let there be some more test made of my metal,
Before so noble and so great a figure
Be stamp'd upon it.

Duke.

No more evasion:

We have with a leaven'd 11 and prepared choice
Proceeded to you; therefore take your honours.
Our haste from hence is of so quick condition,
That it prefers itself, and leaves unquestion'd
Matters of needful value. We shall write to you,
As time and our concernings shall impórtune,
How it goes with us; and do look to know
What doth befall you here. So, fare you well:
To the hopeful execution do I leave you
Of your commissions.

Ang.

Yet, give leave, my lord, That we may bring you something on the way. Duke. My haste may not admit it;

Nor need you on mine honour have to do

With any scruple: your scope

12 is as mine own;

So to enforce or qualify the laws,

As to your soul seems good. Give me your hand;
I'll privily away: I love the people,

But do not like to stage me to their eyes:
Though it do well, I do not relish well
Their loud applause, and aves 13 vehement;

9 i. e. to one who is already sufficiently conversant with the nature and duties of my office; of that office which I have now delegated to him.

10 i. e. I delegate to thy tongue the power of pronouncing sentence of death, and to thy heart the privilege of exercising mercy. A choice nature, concocted, fermented; i. e. not hasty, but sonsiderate.

13 Scope is extent of power.

13 Aves are hailings,

VOL. II.

1*

Nor do I think the man of safe discretion,
That does affect it. Once more, fare you well.
Ang. The heavens give safety to your purposes!
Escal. Lead forth, and bring you back in happiness.
Duke. I thank you: Fare you well. [Exit.
Escal. I shall desire you, sir, to give me leave
To have free speech with you; and it concerns me
To look into the bottom of my place:

A power I have; but of what strength and nature,
I am not yet instructed.

Ang. "Tis so with me:-Let us withdraw together, And we may soon our satisfaction have

Touching that point.

Escal.

I'll wait upon your honour.

SCENE II. A Street.

[Exeunt.

Enter Lucio and two Gentlemen.

Lucio. If the duke, with the other dukes, come not to composition with the king of Hungary, why, then all the dukes fall upon the king.

1 Gent. Heaven grant us its peace, but not the king of Hungary's!

2 Gent. Amen.

Lucio. Thou concludest like the sanctimonious pirate, that went to sea with the ten commandments, but scraped one out of the table.

2 Gent. Thou shalt not steal?

Lucio. Ay, that he razed.

1 Gent. Why, 'twas a commandment to command the captain and all the rest from their functions; they put forth to steal: There's not a soldier of us all, that, in the thanksgiving before meat, doth relish the petition well that prays for peace. 2 Gent. I never heard any soldier dislike it. Lucio. I believe thee; for, I think, thou never wast where grace was said.

2 Gent. No? a dozen times at least.

1 Gent. What? in metre?

Lucio. In any proportion1, or in any language. 1 Gent. I think, or in any religion.

Lucio. Ay! why not? Grace is grace, despite of all controversy: As for example; Thou thyself art a wicked villain, despite of all grace.

1 Gent. Well, there went but a pair of shears between us 2.

Lucio. I grant; as there may between the lists and the velvet: Thou art the list.

1 Gent. And thou the velvet: thou art good velvet; thou art a three-pil'd piece, I warrant thee: I had as lief be a list of an English kersey, as be pil'd, as thou art pil'd, for a French velvet 3. Do I speak feelingly now?

Lucio. I think thou dost; and, indeed, with most painful feeling of thy speech: I will, out of thine own confession, learn to begin thy health; but, whilst I live, forget to drink after thee.

1 Gent. I think, I have done myself wrong; have I not?

2 Gent. Yes, that thou hast; whether thou art tainted, or free.

Lucio. Behold, behold, where madam Mitigation comes! I have purchased as many diseases under her roof, as come to-

2 Gent. To what, I pray?

1 Gent. Judge.

2 Gent. To three thousand dollars a-year.

1 Gent. Ay, and more.

Lucio. A French crown more.

1 Gent. Thou art always figuring diseases in me: but thou art full of error; I am sound.

Lucio. Nay, not as one would say, healthy; but

1 i. e. measure.

2 We are both of the same piece.

3 Pild, for a French velvet.-Velvet was esteemed according to the richness of the pile; three- pil'd was the richest. But Pild also means bald. The jest alludes to the loss of hair in the French disease. Lucio, finding the Gentleman understands the distemper so well, and mentions it so feelingly, promises to remember to drink his health, but to forget to drink after him. In old times the cup of an infected person was thought to be contagious.