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enumerated and described in the fourth section of the act of Congress. Every officer and every person employed shall hold his office or employment at the pleasure of the trustees. They shall, as soon as may be, arrange and make known the several courses of instruction which they will undertake at the outset of the college, and shall enlarge and improve the same whenever practicable, subject to the limitations prescribed by Congress. They shall also establish the qualifications for admission and modify the same as circumstances may require. But no student shall be admitted into or continued in the college, nor shall any person be employed in any office or service, who is not of good moral character and pure life. SEC. 9. In addition to the instruction which is to be given by classes, textbooks, lectures, and apparatus, in such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, the trustees shall provide, as fully as may be, for practical experiments and demonstrations of scientific principles and rules. They shall encourage, and for due proportions of time, at different seasons of the year, and with reference to other exercises, require all the students to engage in actual labor upon the lands and in the workshops with which the college may be furnished, and shall provide suitable oversight and direction in such labor, so that they may become habituated to skillful and productive industry.

SEC. 10. Military tactics shall be taught during some suitable part of each year to all the students, and they shall be required to form and maintain such habits of obedience and subordination as may be useful to them if called into military service. The adjutant-general shall be authorized to furnish to the college for military drill such arms and equipments, not needed by the State for other service, as may suffice for the number of students. He shall also furnish to the college a United States flag.

SEC. 11. Such other studies are to be taught within the limitations of the act of Congress as the facilities of the college and the periods of instruction will permit. SEC. 12. Students who satisfactorily complete any one or more of the prescribed courses of study may receive public testimonials thereof, under the direction of the trustees, stating their proficiency.

SEC. 13. No charge shall be made for tuition to any student who is an inhabitant of this State, and the trustees and all persons employed by them shall constantly endeavor, by the adoption of judicious and effective arrangements in all the labor departments of the college, to reduce the cost of subsistence to the students and to render the institution as far as possible self-sustaining.

SEC. 14. It shall be the duty of the trustees, directors, and teachers of the college to impress on the minds of the students the principles of morality and justice and a sacred regard to truth; love to their country, humanity, and universal benevolence; sobriety, industry, and frugality; chastity, moderation, and temperance, and all other virtues which are the ornaments of human society; and among other means to promote these ends and to secure the best personal improvement of the students the trustees shall provide, as fully as may be practicable, that the internal organization of the college shall be on the plan of one or more well-regulated households and families, so that the students may be brought into relations of domestic intimacy and confidence with their teachers.

SEC. 15. If at any time the number of students applying for admission shall be greater than the means of the trustees will enable them to receive, they shall make regulations for the number to be admitted, having reference to the proportions of population in the several senatorial districts of the State, and equalize the admissions according to such proportions as nearly as may be.

SEC. 16. The trustees shall hold a regular session at the college at least once in each year; and may provide for periodical visitations by committees. No trustee shall receive any compensation except actual traveling expenses, to be paid from the treasury of the college.

SEC. 17. The treasurer of the college shall make, as often as once in six months, a detailed report of all receipts and expenditures, and the trustees shall cause the same to be verified by full inspection and settlement of all his accounts, and shall transmit a copy of the same, as verified by them, to the governor and council. The trustees shall also cause to be made, annually, such report as is required by the fifth section of the act. of Congress, and communicate the same as therein provided.

SEC. 18. The legislature shall have the right to grant any further powers, to alter, limit, or restrain any of the powers vested in the trustees of the college established by this act, as shall be judged necessary to promote the best interests thereof. (Approved February 25, 1865.)

Acts and Resolves, 1866, Private and Special Laws, chapter 59: The inhabitants of Orono are hereby authorized to raise money by taxation or loan, not exceeding $11,000, for the purchase of the White farm and the Goddard or Frost farm,

so-called, in said Orono, and convey the same, or cause them to be conveyed, to the trustees of the Maine State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts: Provided, that the inhabitants of said Orono, at a legal meeting within thirty days from the approval of this act, by a vote of two-thirds of their legal voters present and voting, shall agree thereto. (Approved February 9, 1866.)

Ibid., chapter 66: The inhabitants of Oldtown are hereby authorized to raise money by taxation or loan, to aid in the purchase of land in Orono, for the use of the State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, and to convey the same, or canse it to be conveyed, to the trustees of said college: Provided, that the inhabitants of said Oldtown, at a legal meeting within thirty days from the approval of this act, by a vote of two-thirds of their legal voters present and voting, shall agree thereto. (Approved February 10, 1866.)

Acts and Resolves, 1867, Private and Special Laws, chapter 362: SECTION 1. No vacancy occurring in the board of trustees of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts shall hereafter be filled until the number of said trustees shall be less than seven; and thereafterwards the number of said trustees shall be seven and no more.

SEC. 2. The appointment of the new board of trustees shall be made by the governor, with the advice and consent of the council. As soon as may be, after the new board of trustees shall have been appointed, they shall delegate by lot one of their number to hold office one year, one two years, one three years, one four years, one five years, one six years, and one seven years, so that the office of one trustee shall become vacant every year. And thereafter the term of office of every trustee shall be seven years; but any vacancy occurring by reason of death, resignation, or otherwise, before the expiration of the term of office, shall be filled for the remainder of the term.

SEC. 3. All vacancies occurring in the board of trustees shall be filled by the governor and council, on the nomination of the trustees. In case the nomination by the trustees shall not be confirmed by the governor and council, said trustees shall make another nomination, and so on till the nomination shall be confirmed. (Approved February 25, 1967.)

Acts and Resolves, 1868, Resolves, chapter 274: That the sum of $10,000 is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the treasury of the State not otherwise appropriated, for the erection and completion of the necessary college buildings and the purchase of apparatus and furniture and other necessary expenditures for the use of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts; to be expended under the direction of the trustees of said college. (Approved March 7, 1868.)

Ibid., 1869. Resolves, chapter 89: That the sum of $28.000 is hereby appropriated in aid of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, provided that the inhabitants of the town of Orono shall make to said College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts an absolute conveyance of the same premises heretofore conveyed, subject only to the condition that in case the location of said college shall be changed from Orono, or be abandoned, or cease to be used for the purposes contemplated by the act establishing said college, then, in such an event, the State shall refund to the inhabitants of Orono the sum originally paid for such lands, viz, $11.000. (Approved March 12, 1869.)

Ibid., 1870, Resolves, chapter 179: That the sum of $22,000 is hereby appropriaated in aid of the College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, and the sum of $28,000 appropriated by resolve of March 12, 1869, not drawn or made use of by the college, is hereby reappropriated, and that chapter 89 of the resolves of 1869 is hereby repealed, provided that before either of said sums is paid out of the treasury there shall be vested in the State a perfect title to the premises heretofore conveyed by the town of Orono for the purposes of said college, the only condition of said conveyance being that if, at any time, the said land shall cease to be used for the purposes of said college, then the State shall pay to said town of Orono the sum of money heretofore expended by that town in the purchase of said premises, viz, $11.000.

Ibid., 1871, Resolves, chapter 251: Appropriates $6,000 for completion of college buildings and purchase of apparatus and furniture.

Ibid., 1872, Resolves, chapter 56: Appropriates $18,000 to reimburse trustees" for money advanced by them " to the extent of $13,000 and $5,000 for building “a suitable house" for the president.

Ibid., 1872-74, Public Laws, chapter 194: All vacancies occurring in the board of trustees of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts shall be filled by the governor with the advice and consent of the council. (Approved February 25, 1874.)

Ibid., Private and Special Laws, chapter 147: Females who possess the suitable qualifications for admission to the several classes may be admitted as students in

the college; subject to the requirements of labor and study, which may be determined by the faculty of instruction and by the trustees of the college. (Approved February 23, 1872.)

Ibid., 1876, Resolves, chapter 172: Appropriates $8,000 for instruction and contingent expenses.

Ibid., 1877, Resolves, chapter 258: Appropriates $15,218 for various current purposes.

Ibid., 1878, Resolves, chapter 57: That the governor and council are hereby requested to indicate, in any way they may think proper, their readiness to receive proposals from denominations, associations, or organizations, to take from the State, the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts at Orono, and agree to sustain it, according to its original plan, as to protect the rights of all parties, and report to the next legislature. (Approved February 19, 1878.)

Ibid., 1878, Resolves, chapter 80: Appropriates $6.500 for current expenses. Ibid., 1879, Private and Special Laws, chapter 173: Section 13 of chapter 532 of the private and special laws of 1865 is hereby amended so as to read as follows: SEC. 13. A reasonable charge shall be made for tuition, the amount of which shall be determined from time to time by the trustees, and all persons employed by them shall constantly endeavor by the adoption of judicious and effective arrangements in all the labor departments of the college, to reduce the cost of subsistence to the students, and to render the institution, as far as possible, self-sustaining. (Approved February 27, 1879.)

Ibid., 1880, Resolves, chapter 197: Appropriates $3,000.

Ibid., 1881, Resolves, chapter 13: Whereas, the State of Maine holds in trust for the benefit of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, a registered bond of the State of Maine, numbered 251, for the sum of $30,000, which became due August 15, in the year of our Lord 1868, and the State of Maine, by a resolve approved March 24, in the year of our Lord 1864, directed the treasurer of State to invest all money received from the sale of land scrip donated to said college by the United States in the 6 per cent stock of this State, to be inviolably held for the benefit of said college, and this sum of $30,000 being a portion of said investment; therefore be it resolved, that the treasurer of State be authorized and directed to issue a new registered bond in favor of said college for the sum of $30,000, bearing interest at the rate of 6 per centum per annum, payable semiannually, to bear date of August 15, 1888, and payable nine years from date; the same being in lieu of bond number 251, for a like sum due August 15, 1888; said bond to be signed by the treasurer, countersigned by the governor, and attested by the secretary of state. (Approved February 24, 1881.)

Ibid., 1881, chapter 60: $3,500 is appropriated for the two years, 1881 and 1882. Ibid., 1883, Public Laws, chapter 196: SECTION 1. One additional member shall be added to the present board of trustees of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, who shall be a graduate of said college, and not less than 25 years of age, and a resident of this State, and shall hold his office for a term of three years, so that said board of trustees shall hereafter consist of 9 members, including the secretary of the Maine board of agriculture.

SEC. 2. The governor, with the advice and consent of the council, shall appoint such member of said board of trustees to fill such vacancy, upon nomination of the alumni association of said college, made at any regular meeting of said association held for that purpose and made known to the governor and council by the secretary of said association, under seal.

SEC. 3. Said alumni association shall make such appointment, and the secretary shall make the appointment known to the governor and council within six months after any vacancy may occur in such position, or after the approval of this bill by the governor; and in case such appointment shall not be made by said association within said six months, or said appointment shall not be made known to the governor and council within said six months, as hereinbefore provided, then the gov ernor and council shall appoint some person who is a graduate of said college, subject to the provisions of section 1, to fill said vacancy. (Approved March 10, 1883.)

Ibid., 1885, Resolves, chapter 196: Appropriates $12,400 to be expended during the year.

Ibid., 1887, Public Laws, chapter 119: SECTION 1. For the purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of an act of Congress of the United States approved March 2, 1887, to establish agricultural experiment stations in connection with the colleges established in the several States under the provisions of an act approved July 2, 1862, and of the acts supplementary thereto, the State hereby assents to the purposes of said grants and accepts the grants of money authorized and appropriated by said first-named act, approved March 2, 1887, and assigns the same to

the Maine State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, and there is hereby established at said college in connection therewith, and under its direction, a department to be known and designated as the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station.

SEC. 2. The act of the legislature of this State, approved March 3, 1885, establishing the Maine Fertilizer Control and Agricultural Experiment Station, is hereby repealed, this repeal to take effect October 1, 1887.

SEC. 3. All apparatus, chemicals, and other property belonging to said station, and the unexpended balance of money in the State treasury appropriated by the State to said station for the year 1887, shall, on October 1, 1887, be transferred and paid to and become the property of the Maine State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, and the treasurer thereof shall receipt for the property so transferred by the board of managers of said experiment station and the unexpended balance so paid over by the treasurer of State. (Approved March 16, 1887.) Ibid., 1887, Resolves, chapter 54: Appropriates $34.600 for two years, $25,000 to be for the erection of a building for the departments of natural history and agriculture, and the remaining part for current purposes.

Acts and Resolves, 1887, chapter 105: That the treasurer of State be authorized and directed to receive from the Maine State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, situated in Orono, in the county of Penobscot, in trust, the sum of $100,000, bequeathed to said college by Hon. Abner Coburn; and said treasurer shall apply the same in payment of the debt of the State of Maine, and shall issue to said college an unnegotiable registered bond for the sum of $100,000, bearing interest at the rate of 4 per cent per annum, payable semiannually on the first days of January and July in each year, at the treasurer's office. Said bond shall be payable in thirty years from the first day of July, in 1887, and shall be signed by the treasurer, countersigned by the governor, attested by the secretary of state, and the State treasurer and his successors in office shall pay to the treasurer of said college the interest on said bond from the time he receives said sum until the maturity of the bond. (Approved March 16, 1887.)

Acts and Resolves, 1891, Resolves, chapter 43: Appropriates $24,500 for 1891

and 1892.

Acts and Resolves, 1893, Resolves, chapter 178: Appropriates $12,000 for 1893 and 1894.

Acts and Resolves, 1897, Resolves, chapter 215: That in order to defray the current expenses of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, there be appropriated to the trustees of said college, for the year 1897, and for each year thereafter for the term of ten years, the sum of $20,000. Resolved that the said trustees are hereby directed to charge all students a reasonable tuition, but they may abate said tuition to such worthy pupils, resident in the State, as may be financially unable to pay the same. (Approved March 20, 1897.)

Acts of 1897, chapter 551: SECTION 1. The name of the corporation known as the trustees of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts is hereby changed to the University of Maine, and the said University of Maine shall have all the rights, powers, privileges, property, duties, and responsibilities which belong or have belonged to the said trustees.

SEC. 2. This act shall take effect on some day in June, 1897, to be fixed by said trustees. (Approved March 26, 1897.)

Ibid., chapter 547: SECTION 1. Graduates of the State college shall enjoy before State boards and in the practice of any profession or the pursuit of any calling for which they may be prepared, rights, privileges, and exemptions equal to those granted to the graduates of any other institutions within or without the State. (Approved March 26, 1897.)

Ibid., chapter 550: The trustees of the Maine State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts shall receive $2 a day for their regular visits at said institution and the same sum for every 20 miles travel. (Approved March 26, 1897.)

MARYLAND.

Declaration of Rights, article 43: That the legislature ought to encourage the diffusion of knowledge and virtue, the extension of a judicious system of general education, the promotion of literature, the arts, sciences, agriculture, commerce, and manufactures, and the general melioration of the condition of the people. Laws, 1856, chapter 97 [amended by laws of 1866, chapter 53]: Whereas it hath been represented to the legislature that certain wise and virtuous citizens are desirous of instituting and establishing in some convenient locality within this

State an agricultural college and model farm, in which the youthful student may especially be instructed in those arts and sciences indispensable to successful agricultural pursuits; and whereas it doth appear to this legislature that while the wise and learned in the present age have cultivated with laudable industry and applied with admirable success the arts and sciences to other pursuits, the most necessary, useful, and honorable pursuits of agriculturists have so far been most lamentably neglected; and whereas it is the province and duty of the legislature to encourage and aid the philanthropic and patriotic citizens in their efforts to disseminate useful knowledge by establishing an agricultural college and model farm, which shall in addition to the usual course of scholastic learning particularly indoctrinate the youth of Maryland theoretically and practically in those arts and sciences, which with good manners and morals shall enable them to subdue the earth and elevate the State to the lofty position its advantages in soil, climate, etc., and the moral and mental capacities of its citizens entitle it to attain; therefore,

SECTION 1. James T. Earle and [eight others are named] are appointed commissioners, by whom or under whose direction subscriptions may be solicited and obtained to the stock of the Maryland Agricultural College, and they are hereby authorized to take, hold, and dispose of, as hereinafter provided for, voluntary subscriptions to the amount not exceeding $500,000, in shares of $25 each.

SEC. 2. As soon as at least 2,000 shares of stock aforesaid, in manner aforesaid, be subscribed for, the subscribers aforesaid, their successors and assigns, shall be and are hereby made and declared to be incorporated into a company by the name and style of the Maryland Agricultural College,” and by that name be capable in law of suing and being sued, etc., to use a corporate seal, and to do and cause to be done all things necessary for the attainment of the object aforesaid.

SEC. 3. [As soon as the provisions of section 2 have been complied with and one half of subscription paid in cash and the other secured a meeting of the stockholders must be called, which assemblage must elect 22 trustees, one from each county and one from the city of Baltimore, any five of whom shall constitute a quorum capable of transacting business.]

SEC. 4. [The first board of trustees were to hold office five years, but subsequently elected trustees were to serve for two years.] (Repealed by law of 1868, chap. 97, q. v.)

SEC. 5. [Board had full power to appoint professors and teachers in the college. prescribe their duties, salaries, and fix and determine the duties, wages, cost, and charge of all other officers and servants, tuition and board of students, course of study, vacations, examinations, exhibitions, and control and manage all persons and things in and belonging to the college and conducive to the successful operation of the college and model farm.]

SEC. 6. [Board shall cause to be made annually on the model farm “a series of experiments upon the cultivation of cereal and other plants adapted to the latitude and climate of Maryland and cause to be carefully noticed upon the records of said institution the character of said experiments, the kind of soil upon which they were undertaken, the system of cultivation adopted, the state of the atmosphere and other particulars which may be necessary to a fair and complete understanding of the results of said experiments, and they shall also require the instructor of chemistry, as far as may be consistent with his other duties in said institution, to carefully analyze all specimens of soil that may be submitted to him by any citizen of this State, free of charge, and specially furnish the applicant with an accurate statement of the result."]

SEC. 7. [The trustees have care, control, and management of all the real and personal property and money of the said company, and shall appoint a register and cause to be registered in a book to be kept for that purpose all the acts, etc.. of the trustees. They meet four times or more a year at the college and shall make a report to the legislature.] ·

SEC. 8. Declares that when the forementioned provisions have been complied with and not fewer than 50 acres for the model farm have been purchased and the college and farm buildings erected, "the said stockholders under the name and style of the Maryland Agricultural College shall be entitled from the treasury of the State of Maryland to the annual sum of $6,000, which said annual sum of $6,000 is hereby appropriated out of any unappropriated money in the treasury as an annual endowment of the said Maryland Agricultural College, and shall by the board of trustees hereinbefore mentioned be applied to the payment of salaries of professors and such other purposes as shall promote the welfare and success of the said agricultural college, and upon notice being given in writing by the said Maryland Agricultural College, that the subscriptions aforesaid have been bona fide rue and a board of trustees duly appointed, and the lands for said model

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