Table above gives the standard sizes of tents, showing the number of occupants permitted in each tent.

Figure 7 shows a 16 x 20 crowded tent occupied by 17 persons. This tent contained double deck bunks, each occupant having about 120 cubic feet of air. This bad condition existed in one of the camps before it was standardized by the Commission.

Figure 8 shows a 10 x 26 triple deck bunk car, crowded with 19 persons, each having about 95 cubic feet of air. This also existed in one of the camps before it was corrected by the Commission.

Figure 9 shows a 16 x 20 tent with 5 single bunks, each occupant having 500 cubic feet of air. This model arrangement is the result of the Commission's work in changing the conditions shown in Figure 7.

Figure 4 shows how a well may become polluted by the contents of a privy vault. Figure 5 shows how a well located on high ground may be polluted by the contents of a cesspool lower down. Figure 6 shows how a cesspool located on high ground may fail to pollute a well lower down.

6. The following is the law providing for bunks and beds: Statutes of 1913, Chapter 182, Section 2. "Every bunk house, tent, or other sleeping place used for the purpose of a lodging or sleeping apartment in such a camp, shall contain sufficient air space to insure an adequate supply of fresh air for each person occupying such bunk house, tent or other sleeping place. The bunks or beds shall be so constructed as to afford reasonable comfort to the persons occupying such bunks or beds."

7. Mess and cook tents or houses should have all openings screened and the doors should have spring hinges, coils or some other arrangement to close them automatically.

Figure 10 shows a non-flyproof dining tent, as the Commission found it, where thousands of flies entered and infested the food.

Conditions

of this nature will in the end bring an epidemic of typhoid, dysentery or other intestinal diseases to camps. (See page 14.)

Figures 11 and 12 show the exterior and interior of another dining tent and kitchen as remodeled by the Commission.

A 16 by 20 crowded tent occupied by seventeen persons. This tent contained double deck bunks, each occupant having about 120 cubic feet of air. This bad condition existed in one of the camps before it was standardized by the Commission.

The seating capacity of this mess tent was increased from 80 to 130; and the cost of remodeling same at the State Highway Camp, Shingle Springs, was as follows:

1266 board feet lumber at $16 per thousand.. 243 square feet black wire screen at $0.013.. One tent fly 25 x 26 feet.

Hardware

Labor

Total

$20 26

3 16

23 75

150

25.00

$73 67

The bill of material for this mess tent and kitchen as shown in Figure 13 is as follows:

12 pieces 1" x

70 pieces 1" x

6"-7′ Oregon pine tongue and groove for vestibule. 12 pieces 1" x 12"-10 Oregon pine, s. 1 s., for shelving.

2 pieces 1" x 12"-16 redwood for gable ends.

2 stock doors 2' 6" x 6' 6" x 11".

2 screen doors 2' 6" x 6' 6".

1 stock door 3' 0" x 6' 6" x 11".

1 screen door 3' 0" x 6' 6".

500 square feet galvanized or copper wire screen. 900 square feet canvas for tent covering.

6 pair 6 strap hinges for doors.

6 spring coils 12" or 14" for doors.

7 ridge connections marked "A," and 14-8" x 5" bolts.

8 corner connections marked "B," and 8" x 3" bolts.

14 rafter connections marked "C," and 28-8" x 5" bolts. 4" x 5" bolts for stud connections.

75 square feet 2-ply Malthoid, or equal, roofing, or 9-5′ sheets corrugated galvanized iron.

A 10 by 26 triple deck bunk car, crowded with nineteen persons, each having about 95 cubic feet of air. This also existed in one of the camps before it was corrected by the Commission.

The estimated cost of this mess tent and kitchen is as follows:

A non-flyproof dining tent, as the Commission found it, where thousands of flies entered and infested the food. Conditions of this nature will in the end bring an epidemic of typhoid, dysentery or other intestinal diseases to camps.