study the language of a group of Hupa Indians in northwestern California. Li, who is specializing in linguistics, is working under the committee on American Indian languages of the Council of American Learned Societies. He will teach Chinese at the university next year.

A group of twenty-five students from a dozen universities and colleges met in June at the University of Chicago geological field station near St. Genevieve, Missouri, for a period of intensive study under Professor Stuart Weller. The site and buildings were presented to the university by W. E. Wrather, an alumnus.

Professor J Harlen Bretz, also of the department of geology, will continue studies of an area of 12,000 square miles in Washington, south of the Spokane River and east of the Columbia. Six graduate students and one undergraduate will assist him during part of the study.

Several members of the department of geology will work under the State Geological Survey, Dr. Paul McClintock continuing a detailed study of Illinois glacial deposits, and Dr. Jerome Fisher studying oil and gas possibilities in the southeastern part of the state. Associate Professor A. C. Noé, paleontologist, who is now in Russia engaged in the investigation of coal mines for the government, will later conduct a course on fossil plants in the coal fields of Illinois, Indiana and Kentucky.

A field class under the direction of Professor Edson S. Bastin, chairman of the department of geology, is now at work in the region of Devil's Lake, Wisconsin. Later Professor Bastin will complete a study of fluorspar deposits of Illinois and begin work on the asbestos deposits south of Quebec.

RESOLUTIONS IN MEMORY OF VICTOR

LENHER

A MEMORIAL resolution in honor of Dr. Victor Lenher, late professor of analytic and inorganic chemistry at the University of Wisconsin, was adopted at the last meeting of the faculty. Introduced by Professors R. Fischer, C. K. Leith and J. H. Mathews, it recalls the life and labors of Dr. Lenher, who died on June 12, 1927, at the age of fifty-four years.

Professor Lenher was called to the University of Wisconsin as assistant professor of general and theoretical chemistry in 1900; he was previously at Columbia University. In 1904 he became associate professor and in 1907 he was made professor. The resolution reads further:

For fourteen years he was a member of the board of education of the city of Madison, and for two years he was a member of the state board of health. His constant interest in municipal and state affairs was of in

estimable value to the city and to the commonwealth. During the early part of the world war, he interested himself in researches on gas warfare in collaboration with the bureau of mines and the gas service. Later he was commissioned as major in the chemical warfare service and served first as chief of university relations, and later as adjutant on the staff of Major-General Sibert, director of the chemical warfare service. He was honorably discharged, December 5, 1918.

In the study of the chemistry of gold, tellurium and selenium, he reached preeminence. His researches on the chemistry of these elements number over 60, covering a period of over twenty-five years.

The resolution eulogizes Professor Lenher as an edu-t cator and for his interest in students, and continues: In the death of Professor Lenher, the university has suffered an irreparable loss. He came to the university at a time when strong, capable men were specially needed, the beginning of a period of rapid expansion. He not only lived through this most interesting quarter-century of development of the university, but contributed largely to the wise direction of that development. His life, though shortened by an untimely death, was a full life and a happy one; he enjoyed his work, his students, his associates, and his family. He has left an imperishable record of achievement of which the University of Wisconsin will ever be proud.

SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND NEWS

DR. WHITMAN CROSS, from 1888 to 1925 geologist of the U. S. Geological Survey, and Professor A. G. Högbom, of the University of Upsala, have been elected foreign members of the Geological Society of London. Professor F. X. Schaffer, University of Vienna; Professor C. Schuchert, Yale University; Professor F. Slavik, University of Prague, and Dr. E. O. Ulrich, of the U. S. Geological Survey, have been elected foreign correspondents.

DR. ROBERT A. MILLIKAN, of the California Institute of Technology, sailed for Geneva on July 11, to attend a meeting of the Committee on Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations.

DR. W. D. MATTHEW, who recently resigned as head curator of the geological sciences in the American Museum of Natural History, has arrived in Berkeley to take up his work as professor of paleontology and head of the department in the University of California.

A COMMISSION from the medical faculty of the University of Havana is visiting the United States and Canada as the guest of the Rockefeller Foundation. The commission includes the following: Dr. Solano Ramos, dean and professor of biological chemistry and chairman of the commission; Dr. Carlos Finlay, professor of ophthalmology, representing the clinical

subjects in medicine. Dr. Finlay's father was among the first to suspect that yellow fever was transmitted by the Stegomyia mosquito; Dr. Aristides Agramonte, who has been acting dean of the medical school and who was a member of the original yellow fever commission; Dr. Felix Martin, professor of the school of engineers and architects, who is in charge of planning for the new medical buildings to be erected by the Cuban University. The commission will spend about eight weeks visiting medical institutions in the United States and Canada.

PAUL C. MILLER, paleontologist in the Walker Museum of the University of Chicago, has been made a Knight of the Order of Danebrog by the King of Denmark.

WARREN K. MOOREHEAD, director of the department of archeology at Phillips Academy, recently received the honorary degree of doctor of science from Oglethorpe University, in recognition of work in American archeology.

DR. EDWARD W. ARCHIBALD, director and professor of the surgical department of McGill University, was recently made an honorary fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of London.

THE title of emeritus professor of anatomy in the University of London has been conferred on Professor Edward Barclay-Smith as from the end of the session 1926-27, when he retires from the university chair of anatomy tenable at King's College.

DR. EDWIN GRANT CONKLIN, professor of biology at Princeton University, has been elected a member of the board of directors of the American Eugenics. Society.

DR. H. H. DALE, head of the department of biochemistry and pharmacology in the National Institute for Medical Research at Mount Vernon and a secretary of the Royal Society, has been nominated to be for five years a member of the General Council of Medical Education and Registration.

PROFESSOR HENRY LOUIS, of Newcastle, was appointed by the council of the Institution of Mining Engineers at their summer meeting at Newcastle to succeed Dr. J. S. Haldane as president at the annual meeting in London in November.

THE following have been elected officers of the Manufacturing Chemists Association for the ensuing year: President, Henry Howard, Grasselli Chemical Co.; Vice-presidents, W. D. Huntington, Davidson Chemical Co.; H. A. Galt, Columbia Chemical Division, Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co.; Treasurer, Phillip Schleussner, Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Co.; Secretary, John I. Tierney, 614 Investment Bldg., Washington, D. C.

DR. E. W. LINDSTROM, head of the genetics department of the Iowa State College at Ames, is sailing on August 5 for France to assist the directors of the European office of the International Education Board, particularly in their work in biology and agriculture. His address for the next twelve months will be: International Education Board, 20, rue de la Baume, Paris (8°), France.

PROFESSOR C. F. BAKER has resigned, to take effect in November, from the College of Agriculture at Los Baños, Laguna, P. I., with which institution he has been associated for many years. He expects to spend next year with one of the Pan-Pacific research committees on the South Sea survey and thereafter will make headquarters at the University of Hawaii with President David Crawford. Arrangements have been made to house his large collection of natural history material at the Bishop Museum.

PROFESSOR C. W. HOWARD, who for the past ten years has been working on the upbuilding of the silk industry of Southern China, is returning from Canton to this country as head of the department of biology at Wheaton College. A correspondent writes that beginning his work in the department of biology of the Canton Christian College, Professor Howard developed the work in sericulture to such an extent that the Chinese government established the Kwongtung Provincial Bureau for the Improvement of Sericulture under his directorship. In response to the urging of the government officials, he will retain his connection. with this work, returning to Canton for the summers for the next few years.

DR. WILLIAM H. TALIAFERRO, professor of parasitology, and Drs. Lucy Graves Taliaferro and Frances A. Coventry, research associates in the department of hygiene and bacteriology of the University of Chicago, have returned from a three months' trip to Central America. Through the courtesy of the United Fruit Company they spent most of their time working on the serology and immunology of malaria and various intestinal worms at the hospital of the Tela Railroad Company, in Tela, Honduras. Dr. Taliaferro has been invited to the school of tropical medicine of the University of Porto Rico as visiting professor of parasitology during the winter quarter of 1928.

PROFESSOR A. S. HITCHCOCK, curator of the grass herbarium of the U. S. National Museum, left Washington on July 1 for two months' field work on the Pacific Coast, especially in the Olympic Mountains.

DR. W. O. RICHTMANN, professor of pharmacognosy at the University of Wisconsin and superintendent of the pharmaceutical garden of the Wisconsin Pharmaceutical Experiment Station, is abroad for a

three months' tour. His principal object is to consult the British Museum and other libraries in connection with his study of the history of American medicinal plants and drugs.

Ar the Montana College and Experiment Station President A. Atkinson has been granted leave of absence for study during the next college year. Dean and Director F. B. Linfield has been appointed acting president in his absence. Dr. Arnold H. Johnson, assistant chemist in the station, has also been granted leave of absence for one year to accept a fellowship for study in Europe given by the International Education Board.

FORESTERS and chemists from England, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Mexico, detailed recently to the U. S. Forest Products Laboratory of the University of Wisconsin, constitute the largest group of foreign research men ever gathered at the federal laboratory at one time. Included in the foreign research group are Wilhelm Rosen and Eric Ostlin, of the Scandinavian-American Foundation; J. E. Cummins and H. S. Dadswell, of the Australian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; W. G. Campbell, of the Commonwealth (British) Foundation; Hermenegildo Barrios, of Mexico, and Uno W. Lehtinen, of the Finnish State Forest Service.

DR. HARRISON R. HUNT, head of the department of zoology and geology at the Michigan State College, is making a lecture tour through the west in the interests of the American Eugenics Society. He planned to lecture on eugenics and human heredity at the University of Omaha, Oregon State Normal School, State Normal School at Bellingham, Washington, and the State Normal School at Ellensburg, Washington.

DR. JACK CECIL DRUMMOND, professor of biochemistry in University College, London, vice-dean of the faculty of medical science, is among those lecturing at the American Chemical Society Institute at the Pennsylvania State College.

THE death is announced on May 15 of Dr. Edwin B. Payson, professor of botany in the University of Wyoming.

UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL

NOTES

YALE UNIVERSITY has received a bequest of more than $150,000 from the estate of General Charles H. Pine, formerly of Ansonia, which, together with a gift of General Pine's made in 1913, brings the Charles H. Pine scholarship fund at Yale to a total of more than $215,000.

At the commencement exercises of the University of Maryland gifts were announced amounting to $150,000. The largest gift was from Captain Isaac E. Emerson, of Baltimore, who provided endowment for a professorship in the school of pharmacy and a fellowship in the school of medicine. The University of Maryland during the coming biennium will have almost $1,000,000 for new buildings and improvements from the state.

THE University of London has received two gifts of £10,000 each, one from an anonymous donor and one from Messrs. Wander, Ltd., for the establishment of a university chair of dietetics.

It is announced at Columbia University that Dr. Durward R. Jones, recently epidemiologist of the State Department of Health of South Dakota, will succeed Dr. Alton S. Pope as assistant professor of epidemiology, and that Dr. Adelaide Ross Smith, recently physician to the New York State Industrial Board, will succeed Assistant Professor Frank G. Pedley as associate professor of medicine in industrial hygiene. Dr. Smith will be in charge of the industrial department at the Vanderbilt Clinic of the College of Physicians and Surgeons. Dr. Pope is now epidemiologist of the Chicago Health Department, and Dr. Pedley will assume charge of the new department of industrial medicine at McGill University Medical School on August 1.

ERIC PONDER, M.D., Sc.D., F.R.S., of Edinburgh, has been appointed associate professor of general physiology in New York University and will have charge of the courses in physiology in University College. He will also direct work in general physiology in the graduate school.

DR. HERBERT O. CALVERY, instructor in physiological chemistry at the Johns Hopkins Medical School, has been appointed assistant professor of physiological chemistry at the University of Michigan.

DR. D. A. WORCESTER has been appointed associate professor of educational psychology in the University of Nebraska.

DR. N. B. DREYER, assistant professor of physiology, Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, has resigned to accept an appointment in the department of pharmacology at McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal.

of mine given in Walsh's "Photometry," pp. 244-245. Since the same mistake has also been made by others heretofore and bids fair to become prevalent, it seems desirable to publish a correction. I do this not for the sake of finding fault, but to prevent in so far as possible, the continued spread of mistaken ideas in regard to the subject-matter in question. It is well known how errors once incorporated in a standard text are copied and recopied without limit.

The error in question is that the instrument designated by Mr. Walsh as "The Leucoscope" is not the leucoscope, but the "rotary dispersion colorimetric photometer." The pertinent facts are as follows:

(1) The leucoscope is an instrument, the invention of which is commonly attributed to Helmholtz, about 1870-80.2 It consists essentially of a quartz plate between a Wollaston prism and a nicol prism through which the observer views two images of the

same source.

(2) The instrument which Mr. Walsh describes, and calls "The Leucoscope" is properly called the "rotatory dispersion colorimetric photometer." I particularly object to naming it "Priest's leucoscope"

as is done in the index of Mr. Walsh's book. It is a special form of the Arons Chromoscope and its embryonic form may be seen in Zoellner's colorimeter.5 My connection with this instrument has been to develop the theory and practice of its use in the colorimetry and photometry of incandescent sources and daylight, and to design an instrument especially suited to these purposes.

(3) In principle, manner of use and specific purpose served, the two instruments are very different. About all that they have in common is the fact that they both contain nicol prisms and quartz plates and the circumstance that I have written papers dealing with each of them separately.

It seems unnecessary to use your space to set forth in detail the distinctions between these two instruments. All confusion may be removed by consulting

1 J. W. T. Walsh, "Photometry," Constable, London,

1926.

2 There has been some slight controversy as to the relative contributions of Helmholtz, and one of his pupils, Diro Kitao, to the development of the instrument. Edm. Rose (1863) described an instrument which may be regarded as the prototype of the leucoscope. A review of the history of the instrument and a full bibliography have been published in my paper on the leucoscope, Jour. Op. Soc. Am. 4, pp. 448-495, 1920.

3 J. O. S. A. & R. S. I. 7, folded insert facing p. 1199, December, 1923.

4 Leo Arons, Ann. der Phy. (4) 89, pp. 545-568, 1912. 5 J. C. F. Zoellner, "Photometrie des Himmels," Berlin, 1861; G. Mueller, "Photometrie der Gestirne," pp. 244–254, Leipzig, 1897.

my papers which deal, respectively, with the two different instruments."

IRWIN G. PRIEST

TADPOLES AS A SOURCE OF PROTOZOA FOR CLASSROOM USE

IN SCIENCE, Vol. 56, pp. 439-441, there appeared a note by Dr. R. W. Hegner on frog and toad tadpoles as sources of intestinal protozoa for teaching purposes. During the last four years the writer has examined hundreds of tadpoles for intestinal protozoa, and is able to state that he has frequently found most of the species listed by Hegner in his paper, viz., Trichomonas augusta, Hexamitus intestinalis, Nyctotherus cordiformis, Opalina ranarum, Endamoeba ranarum, and Euglenamorpha hegneri, the latter an Euglena-like flagellate with three flagella. Giardia agilis and Balantidium entozoon have never been observed by the writer. Euglena spirogyra, Phacus sp. and several species of desmids and diatoms, which are normally free-living forms, are often present in large numbers in the rectum of tad

poles, in which habitat they appear to be little the

worse for any contact they may have had with the digestive juices of their host.

In addition to the protozoa enumerated by Hegner several other species have been more or less frequently encountered. These are Chilomastix caulleryi Alexeieff 1909, Mastigina hylae (Frenzel 1892) Goldschmidt 1907, and Endolimax ranarum Epstein and Ilowaisky 1914.

Chilomastix caulleryi is a flagellate which lives in the rectum of the tadpoles of Rana catesbiana and Rana clamata. It sometimes occurs, in large numbers, but is likely to be overlooked among the more numerous representatives of the species Trichomonas augusta. Its morphology is practically identical with that of Chilomastix mesnili of man. Its larger size makes it more favorable for study than the human form.

Mastigina hylae is a large and extremely interesting protozoon which belongs to the flagellate family Rhizomastigidae. Its most striking features are the prominent anterior nucleus and the constant active streaming of the protoplasm filled with remnants of the green algae and protozoa upon which it has fed. The small anterior flagellum is inconspicuous and will be overlooked unless carefully searched for. The writer has never seen in any other cell protoplasmic streaming so vigorous and continuous as in this form. For a more detailed description of this species the reader is referred to a paper by the writer in the 6"A New Study of the Leucoscope "J. O. S. A. 4, pp. 448-495, November, 1920; "Colorimetry and Photometry by the Method of Rotatory Dispersion,' J. O. S. A. & R. S. I. 7, pp. 1175-1209, December, 1923.

Journal of Parasitology for June, 1925. This protozoon has been found in tadpoles of Rana catesbiana and R. clamata in New Jersey and in those of R. pipiens in Iowa.

Endolimax ranarum is a smaller amoeba than Endamoeba ranarum, and is much less frequently encountered. Its nucleus is more or less typical of that of other members of the genus and careful staining is required to bring it out.

On the basis of the combined experiences of Dr. Hegner and those of the writer, we may confidently expect to find in our American tadpoles most of the following species of intestinal protozoa: (1) Opalina ranarum, (2) Nyctotherus cordiformis, (3) Balan tidium entozoon (not observed by either Hegner or the writer), (4) Giardi agilis, (5) Trichomonas augusta, (6) Chilomastix caulleryi, (7) Hexamitus intestinalis, (8) Euglenamorpha hegneri, (9) Mastigina hylae, (10) Endamoeba ranarum, and (11) Endolimax ranarum. Trichomonas batrachorum and Polymastix bufonis are two other species which have been found in frogs and should be searched for in tadpoles. This formidable list of intestinal protozoa makes tadpoles invaluable for teachers in protozoology and invertebrate zoology.

The writer wishes also to call the attention of bacteriologists and microbiologists to a rather unusual bacterial flora which is sometimes encountered in the rectum of the tadpole. Large spirilla with a prominent spore at each end, bacilli of a crescentic shape with a prominent spore at each end, and other equally remarkable forms have been seen by the writer while making examinations of the contents of the rectum of tadpoles.

IOWA STATE COLLEGE

ELERY R. BECKER

THE EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATIONS UPON SOY BEANS

A SERIES of experiments was performed to study the effect of ultraviolet radiations upon the subsequent development of the soy bean. The full spectrum of an air-cooled quartz mercury lamp was used in every case. The plants were kept under rigidly controlled conditions.

The first outstanding result noted was that the longer the exposure the shorter the plant, that is, in successive experiments as the length of exposure was increased the internodes of the plant became shorter. The stems were very brittle and the leaf tissue very stiff and rigid.

The internal changes were equally interesting. The stems of irradiated plants were approximately one and one half times as large in diameter as the control plants. There was also a reduction of the number of medullary rays in irradiated plants, so

that these plants tend to show that the meristematic tissues remain active for a very much longer period of time than in the control plants. The cells of the medullary rays under ordinary conditions remain parenchymatous but in irradiated plants have gone further and developed into xylem and phloem. Furthermore, because of differential growth the stems became hollow.

A detailed report of the work will be prepared later. The author wishes to express her appreciation to Dr. W. J. G. Land and Dr. C. A. Shull for their kind help and inspiration.

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

H. REBECCA DANE

FLORA OF BARRO COLORADO ISLAND, CANAL ZONE

RECENTLY there appeared in SCIENCE an account of Barro Colorado Island.1 Visiting scientists working upon plants are concerned with the names of the species to be found on the island. All such workers will be interested in a list of plants of Barro Colorado Island that has just been issued by the Smithsonian Institution. The author, Mr. Paul C. Standley,2 who spent a week on the island, has traveled extensively in Central America and has published several articles on the flora of these regions. The flora is an annotated list without keys or complete descriptions, but the accompanying notes on common names, uses and prominent characters will be a great aid to those taking advantage of the facilities of the laboratory on the island.

A DAYLIGHT METEOR

AT a golf course on Warwick Neck, near Providence, Rhode Island, I was on a fairway overlooking Narragansett Bay about one o'clock in the afternoon of June 1, in brilliant sunlight when my companion and I distinctly saw what seemed to be a small meteorite dropping over the bay. It was fol

1 Kellogg, Vernon, "Barro Colorado Island Biological Station," SCIENCE 65: 535, 1927.

2 Standley, Paul C., "The Flora of Barro Colorado Island, Panama," Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 78: No. 8, 1-32, 1927.

3 Standley, Paul C., "The Ferns of Barro Colorado Island," American Fern Journal 16: 112-120, 1926; 17: 1-8, 1927.