An Historical Account of the Ancient Culdees of Iona, and of Their ... - John Jamieson - Google Books

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CONTENTS.

Of the Name, Culdees.-Conjectures as to its Origin.-Of the first preaching of the

Gospel in North Britain.-Of the Mission of Palladius.-Iona the princi-

pal Seat of the Culdees.-Said to have been the immediate Successors of the

Of the coming of Columba into Britain.-Cursory View of his Life and Charac-

ter.-To be distinguished from Abbot Columban.-Of the Island of Iona.-Of

the Druids.-The Doctrine of the Culdees, and their Mode of Living.

Of the Ecclesiastical Government of the Culdees.-The Account given of this by

Bede.-How explained by Bishop Lloyd.-Of Sodora.-Whether a Bishop al-

ways resided at Hii.-Usher's Testimony from the Annals of Ulster.-Goodall's

Reasoning on this Head.

Account of the Ecclesiastical Government of the Culdees continued.-Of the Mis-

sion of Bishop Aidan to the Northumbrians.-Mistranslations in the modern

English Version of Bede.-Of the Seniores at Iona.-Whether the Term denoted

Bishops, or Presbyters ?-Whether the Culdean Government resembled that of a

Modern University?—Of Gillan's Reasoning.-If the Episcopal Missionaries to

Northumbria were amenable to the College of Iona?

Continuation of the Account of the Ecclesiastical Government of the Culdees.- Bi-

shop Lloyd's View of the Ordination of Finan.- Of that of Colman.— Bede's

Account of the Ordination of Aidan.-Of the Episcopate of Cedd.-Of the Con-

version of the Saxons by the Scots.-Testimony of the Saxon Chronicle.

Of the principal Seats of the Culdees.—Of Abernethy.- Antiquity of this Founda-

tion-Of St Bridget.-Whether Abernethy was a Bishopric ?-Of the Univer-

sity here. Of the Collegiate Church.- Property of the Abbey given to that of

Aberbrothoc.-Controversy on this Head.-Temporal Lords of Abernethy. 105

Monastery of Culdees at Lochlevin.-Of St Serf.-Donations.-Library.—Foun-

dation at Dunkeld.-Reliques of St Columba transported thither.-Of the Pri-

macy ascribed to it.-The Memory of Columba long held in Veneration there.-

Monastic Seal.-Culdees at St Andrews.-Of Regulus.-Of Constantine.—En-

dowments of the Priory.—If originally the Seat of a Bishop?

Of the Culdees of Brechin.—Whether they merely constituted the Episcopal Chap-

ter?-Of those at Dunblane.-Of the supposed Foundation at Muthel. Of that

of Monimusk.-Culdees at Portmoak,-Scone,-Kirkcaldy,-Culross,- Mail-

Of the Monasteries of Crusay and Oronsay.-Of Govan ;-Abercorn ;— Inch-

colm;-Tyningham;-Aberlady ;-and Coldingham.-Of the first Missionaries

to the Orkney Islands.-Churches and Chapels dedicated to St Columba.

Of the Opposition of the Culdees to the Romish System.-Testimony of Bede ;-

Of Con;-Of Alcuin;-Of Bromton ;-Of Auricular Confession;-the Ton-

sure;-Mode of Baptism ;-the Real Presence ;-Idolatrous Worship; Super-

erogation; the Mass ;-Celibacy Culdees not considered as Brethren by the Ro-

The Judgment of the Adherents of Rome concerning the Culdees. Of the Synod

of Stroneshalch.-Of Colman and Adomnan.-Government not the only Ground

of Difference with the Romanists.-Charge brought by Richard of Hexham

against the Scots.-Character given of the Culdees by Dr Henry.-Of the Synod

of Cealhythe.-Their Character as given by Gibbon.-Of Clemens, Samson, and

Virgilius.-Speech of Gilbert Murray.

Of the Suppression of the Culdees.-Means employed for this Purpose.-Their

Promotion to Bishoprics.-Increase of Episcopal Sees.-Preference given to Fo-

reigners-Introduction of Canons Regular;-at St Andrews;-Lochlevin ;-

Dunkeld ;-Brechin.-Convention between Bishop Malvoisin and the Culdees of

Monimusk.-Remarks on it.

Suppression of the Culdees at St Andrews.-Preparatory Measures adopted with

this View.-Their Controversy with the Canons Regular as to St Mary's Church.-

Remarks on Goodall's Account of this.-State of the Culdees at Iona.-Their

Subjection to the Authority of Rome, and Expulsion of those who were refrac-

tory. Of the Translation of the Reliques of Adomnan, and of Columba. 277

Of the Library at Iona.—Account given of it by Pennant, from Boece.—Causes

assigned for its Destruction;-Devastations by the Danes ;—by Edward I.;—by

the Reformers;-by Cromwell;-during the Period of Persecution.-Books,

formerly belonging to it, said to be still extant.—The Culdees preserved till about

the Time the Lollards appeared.-Of the Reformation in Scotland, whether by

·Bishops?-Of those called Superintendents.

Objections considered.—The supposed Inconsistency of the Monks of Iona sending

Bishops, or Improbability of their being applied to for such a Mission, if un-

friendly to the Order.—The Culdees said to have been merely the Episcopal Chap-

ter of the Diocese in which they resided.-Asserted, that there were never any Cul-

dees at Iona, or within the Territories of the Ancient Scots; and that they made

their first Appearance at St Andrews.

AN

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT, &c.

THERE is no portion of the Scottish history, which has a higher claim to attention, than that which respects the Culdees. Nor are the natives of Scotland alone interested in it. Whatever be the peculiar influence of national attachment, or of local connection, this is a subject which merits the regard of all who bear the name of Protestants. By various writers, indeed, it has either been industriously consigned to oblivion, or, if brought into view, grossly misrepresented. But, happily, amidst all the obscurity and fable, in which the more early part of our history is involved, such gleams of light now and then break forth, as not only to demonstrate the existence, but to elucidate the character, of a succession of men, who, while they were an honour to their country, were at the same time an ornament to the christian name. Nor is their claim to attention enfeebled, from the

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