death. There is not a fingle circumftance through life wherein a prudent mind and one that has just notions of things, finds not a fubject of pleasure or confolation. This St. Paul supposes, when he exhorts us to rejoice evermore, and even to glory in tribulations for where God multiplies his trials, he multiplies alfo his confolations. It is depriving ourfelves of this advantage, to dwell entirely upon the forrowful part in adverfity, and to be ingenious only in tormenting ourfelves. Since then the accidents of life have different biaffes, the wife chriftian will always take them by the moft convenient. Methinks we should be naturally difpofed to pafs fuch a judgment upon every thing, as might be favourable to ourselves." Mr. du Moulin has not confidered human life, and the circumftances attending it, like thofe partial declaimers, who collect an affemblage of evils, and condemn the world in general; he has examined every thing on every fide; he has detected the illufions of profperity, removed the gloomy fhade of adversity, and from every occurrence extracted every particle of good. The following obfervations on human learning and the fophiftry of the fchools, is remarkable in a writer who flourished before the middle of the last century: The generality of human fciences have more fhow than value. The knowledge of languages, for inftance, is a fine and very ufeful accomplishment; but the ufe we derive from them is by no means proportionable to the time and pains it .cofts; and we know but little more of the nature of heaven and earth for knowing how to name them in five or fix different languages. The wife man therefore will look here after what is ufeful, rather than after the reputation of a scholar: but he will by no means deny himfelf, for his own particular ufe, the innocent pleafure of knowing how to relifr the beadtiful expreffivenefs of thofe languages which are, and that juftly, in vogue among the learned. There is nothing that foftens and polishes the mind more, than good fenfe cloathed in an unaffected and elegant style: it is like a delicate and smooth fkin covering the regular features and well-proportioned limbs of a beautiful perfon. There are ftudies of little fhow, and ftill lefs value, which, however, pass for ferious ftudies, and worthy of a wife man, because they wear fuch a kind of appearance as is apt to impose upon those who are fatisfied with fwelling words. Such is the Scholaftic Philofophy, which reigned for three or four centuries in the schools, and in the univerfities, and was introduced into divinity, where it ftill reigns but too much. The schoolmen had filled and choaked up the chriftian doctrine with brambles and thoras; and thefe thorns were fo thick, that they they themselves had much ado to fee light through them. Their writings refemble labyrinths, which have a great number of windings and crofs paths in very little ground: for as the knowledge of thofe ages was confined to a very little space, those refolute and irrefragable doctors (as they called one another) not being able to expatiate far, and yet willing to be always in motion, did nothing but turn round and intangle themselves in their narrow limits, and returned a thousand times in the fame tracts. It is quite incredible how very little there is to be learned in all this rubbish of intricate fubtleties. It is true that there is vanity in all studies, and that the sciences which have taken place of this perplexed jargon, fince letters have flogrished, are not much less vain, but only they are more lively. Yet fince there is vanity in both, still a lively vanity is lefs mifchievous than a morofe one. When we fay trifling things, we ought at leaft to express them in fuch terms as ftrike the ear agreeably. Serious fools are the most troublesome.'. The third book is a treatise on the paffions, in which the author endeavours to give us just notions of them, and teach us to govern them in a proper manner. The fourth is a difcourfe on virtue in general, and the ufe we ought to make of it in profperity and adverlity. The fifth afeertains the means of preferving peace in fociety; and the fixth contains the following maxims, directing us in the purfuit of fpiritual tranquility, viz. To be contented with our own condition; Not to be difquieted with what is future; To retire within ourselves; To Bee from idleness; and, To avoid curiofity in divine matters. In the last chapter, the author confiders the inferior gratifications of life; and after some short reflections on the vanity, fin, and mifery, which appear in the world, he concludes, that ǎn union with God, by love and faith, is the fource of true peace and felicity. This is a fummary view of the treatife now before us; which undoubtedly deferves the character Mr. Bayle has given it. But as all the topics of morality have been difcuffed by a variety of writers fince the days of Du Moulin, we apprehend that many of his sentiments, will appear trite and jejune to readers of the prefent age, notwithstanding they are fet off by Dr. Sciope with all the elegance the original would admit. XIV. An Account of the Culture of Carrots; and their great Ufe in feeding and fattening Cattle. By Robert Billing. Farmer, at Weafenham, Norfolk. Published by Defire of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce at London. 8vo. Pr. 6d. DodЛley. OME members of the Society for the Encouragement of SOME members of the Commerce, being fenfible that carrots are a sweet, wholesome, and nourishing food for cattle, that they grow to an amazing fize on poor light foils where few other crops would thrive, and that they refift the froft much better than turneps, which are very apt to rot after Christmas, proposed that the Society fhould advertise premiums to be given for encouraging their culture in the field, and feeding cattle with them. In the eastern parts of Suffolk, where the foil is a light deep fand, carrots have long been cultivated as winter feed for cattle; but the practice was confined, as it were, to a very narrow 'diftrict, being little known in other parts. About Sandwich in Kent, it is true, large tracts of land have been often annually covered with carrots, but very few of them were given to cattle, thefe crops being chiefly intended for the fupply of the London markets, and fent up in hoys. Mr. Billing being defirous of becoming a candidate for a pre'mium, made a fmall experiment in the culture of carrots in 1761, which fucceeded pretty well; he repeated his experiment in 1762. In this fecond trial he met with fo much fuccefs, that he determined the following year to embark largely in this culture; accordingly, in the year 1763, he fowed thirty acres and an half of carrot-feed. The foil was various, part being cold and loamy, fhallow, and upon a fort of loamy gravel; fome was a mixed foil on a moift clay; a third part an exceeding good tempered foil upon a marl; and a fourth a fhallow black fand upon a kind of imperfect grit-ftone, called by the Norfolk farmers can-ftone. Four pounds of feed will fow an acre. The method of culture purfued by Mr. Billing in this experiment, we muft, for the fake of brrevity, omit; but fhall take fome notice of the fuccefs he met with. Many of his carrots were two feet long, and from twelve to fixteen inches circumference at the upper end. The quantity of his crop varied. On fome parts he had twenty-four cart loads per acre, on others about twenty, and some yielded him only fixteen or eighteen; in the whole he had about five-hundred and ten loads, equal, in his opinion, to near a thoufand loads of turneps, or three hundred loads of hay. On three acres the crop almost entirely failed. failed. With these carrots he fattened fteers, cows, heifers, Scotch bullocks, with forty-eight sheep, the neat cattle being thirty-three in number; thefe beafts and theep rendered him a profit of 1081. from the carrots. He alfo fed with this root thirty-five dairy cows, twenty-one fcore flieep, fixteen horses, and a large number of hogs, which on a moderate computation, raifes his profit to 1637. and all the land on which the carrots grew, bore last year fine corn. In 1764, he fowed twenty-four acres and an half with carrot feed. As Mr. Billing's account of this crop is very concife, we. fhall give it in his own words: The faid twenty-four acres and an half is all in one inclofure, and the land all in quality much alike, a close cold fand, upon a fort of loamy brick earth, a little gravelly. In the year, 1763, the land bore peas: in the beginning of the following winter, I plowed up the land as deep as the foil would permit, in order to receive the benefit of the frofts and fnows in mellowing the land, and plowed it twice more before I fowed the carrots; but having the best crop of my lateft fown carrots lait year, which was about the middle of April, I did not fow these laft till the beginning of May; which I find, by the scantinefs of my crop, was too late. It was about feven weeks from the fowing to the time of hoeing. Our hoe is about fix inches long, and if not very foul, I have them hoed for eight fhillings per acre. The care in hoeing is only to cut the weeds, and leave. carrots enough growing; for though the carrots, many of them, are buried with mould or weeds, they will get through in a few days, without hurt. If much rain follow foon after hoeing, it will be neceffary to harrow them, about ten days after hoeing, to difplace the weeds, and prevent their getting root again. About a fortnight after the harrowing, if much rain fhould come, it will be neceffary to hoe them a second time, which cofts about four fhillings per acre; and after that, if much rain fhould come foon after, I harrow again. The harrowing does not pull up one carrot in a hundred. The fore part of laft winter I dug them up with a fore-tined fork, a man breaking the ground with the fork, four or five inches deep, and a little boy to pull them up, and throw them in heaps. Towards the fpring I plowed them up, having a fhare with a narrow point, which answers very well; which method I now follow: I have plowed up all this year's growth. The plate of the plow does gradually raife the mould, and draw up the carrots, except a few cut with the point of the share, then I harrow them out; which plowing and harrowing are no expence, the land being got in order by that means to fow with corn. Some of the carrots will not harrow out the first plow Q3 ing; ing; they will turn out on harrowing after the fecond plowing. The feeding them on the land where they grow improves it greatly. I believe the quantity of loads per acre, to take the whole piece through, is about ten loads per acre, this having proved an unkindly year, befides that they were fowed too late. I have given two loa's a week to eighteen horfes, to which I allowed no corn or hay, except one team, which carry out my crop at fifteen or fixteen miles diftance, till about April, at which time our work comes on generally in a great hurry. My horfes are in as good condition as in former winters, when they have eat forty loads of hay, and two or three lafts of oats more. I have kept about forty cows and three-hundred fheep on them a fortnight past, and I expect that I have enough remaining to keep them a fortnight longer. My cows give plenty of milk, which makes fine pleafant tafted butter; and my fheep and lambs thrive exceedingly, which now, with only turneps, would do very poorly. I have fourteen weanling calves I keep chiefly with carrots, which thrive wonderfully; and about thirty hogs have been kept chiefly on them feveral weeks paft.? Mr. Billing, as a farmer, has great merit, and we fincerely with his good example may be followed in all parts of his majefty's dominions, where carrots can, to advantage, be culti vated. However, as his piece feems to have been published under the patronage and fanction, as well as by the defire, of an illuftrious Society, we think it a great pity the manuscript was not revifed and corrected by the fecretary, previous to the publication. Had Dr. Templeman been authorised to do this, we should not have seen that want of method, that general inaccuracy in point of fiyle, and even the falfe grammar, which are now fo confpicuous in almoft every page of the pamphlet. What must foreigners think in reading this fhort tract, what judgment will they form of our language? Works of this nature, we mean thofe on the fubject of Agriculture, fhould, for our credit's fake, be written with accuracy, if not with elegance, as they are generally exported in confiderable numbers almoft immediately after their publication; for all foreigners who love husbandry, are extremely anxious to purchase every thing that appears in England on the fubject. MONTHLY CATALOGUE. 15. A Letter to the Common-Council of London, on their late verg extraordinary Addrefs to his Majefty. 8vo. Pr. 1. Nicoll. WE 7E have not feen a more fpirited and juft remonftrance, than this expoftulation with a fet of people who feem to think that |