end of a pliable pole, and underneath to a terdle, The ftylus is plain, villous above, towards the or board moved with the foot. There is also a end broader; the upper two segments of the carest which bears up the tool, and keeps it steady, lyx are shorter than the rest. As it is the use and application of this inftrument I. LATHYRUS LATIFOLIUS, the everlasting pea, that makes the greatest part of the art of turning, bath thick, fibrous perennial roots; climbing, we refer the particular description thereof, as well thick, branching annual Atalks, having membraas the manner of applying it in various works, to naceous wings between the joints, rising upon fupthat head.' See TURNING.

port by their cirri fix or eight feet high; diphyl. LĄTHER. 7. f. [from the verb.] A foam or lous leaves, of two spear-shaped lobes, terminated froth made commonly by beating soap with water. by claspers; and numerous large red or purple

(1.) * TO LATHER. v. a. (lewran, Saxon.] To Rowers on long foot-stalks, appearing plentifully cover with foam of water and soap.

from June till October, lụcceeded by abundance (2.) * To LATHER. V. n. To form a foam.- of feed. Chuse water pure,

2. LATHYRUS ODORATUS, the sweet-fcented Such as will lather cold with soap. Baynard. pea, hath a fibrous annual root; a climbing stalk,

LATHERON, a parish of Scotland, in the rising upon support by its claspers 3 or 4 feet high; county of Caithness, 27 miles long, and from 10 diphylloưs leaves of two oval lobes, terminated to 15 broad. The coast is bold and rocky, in by elimbing tendrils; and flowers by two's on many places 100 yards and upwards perpendicu- long flower falks, of different colours in the varielar abore the sea level. The surface is partly level, ties, partly mountainous ; containing many small hills 3. LATHYRUS TANGITANUS, the Tangier pea, besides the bigh mountains, MAIDEN-PAP, MOR- hath a fibrous annual root, a climbing stalk rising ven, and SCARABINE. Morven is said to be upon support for 4 or s feet high ; diphyllous more than a mile above the sea level. In a leaves, of two spear-Maped alternate lobes, termiclear day part of 12 different counties may be nated by tendrils; and from the joints of the stalk seen from its top, in which there is a spring. large reddith flowers by two's on long footfalks. The soil is various, but fertile „where culs All these species are of bardy growth ; and may tivated, producing rich crops of oats, barley, and be propagated by feed in the common ground, potatoes. The climate is dry and healthful." One in patches where it is designed the plants should Henry Christian died in 1786, aged about 11.5. Rower, for they do not succeed so well by tranfAbout 20 different kinds of fish are caught on the plantation. They may be lowed in spring; though, coast. The population, in 1791, was 4006, of if sowed in autumn, the plants will fiower earlier whom there was a majority of 522 females. The the following year. increase fince 1755 was 331.

The number of LATIALIS, a firname of Jupiter, black cattle was 4055 ; of sheep, 2555; besides LATIANO, a town of Naples, in the pro2200 Cheviot Meep belonging to Sir J. Sinclair. vince of Otranto; s miles E. of Oria. The gigantic William Sutherland, who measured LATIAR, (Latiaris, Lat.) in Roman antiqui. 9 feet s inches, was a native of this parish. See ty, a featt or ceremony intituted by Tarquinius GIANT, Ø 2

Superbus, in honour of JUPITER LATIARIS or LATHRÆ, in botany, a genus of the angiosper. LATIALIS. Targuin having made a treaty of mia order, belonging to the didynamia class of alliance with the Latins, proposed, in order to plants; and in the natural method ranking under perpetuate it, to erect a common temple, where the 40th order, Perfonata, The calyx is quadri- all the allies, the Romans, Latins, Hernici, Volici, fid; there is a depressed glandule at the base of &c. should assemble themselves every year, hold the future of the germen. The capsule is unilo. a kind of fair, exchange merchandizes, feast, facular.

crifice, and make merry together. Such was the LATHREVE, LEIDGREVE, or TRITHEN- instituting of the Latiar. 'The founder only apGREVE, was an officer under the Saxon govern- pointed one day for this fealt; the first consul addment, who had authority over a third part of ed another to it, upon concluding the peace with the county; and whose territory was therefore the Latins; a third was added after the people, who called trithing, otherwise a leid lath or leithin had retired to the Mons Sacer, were returned to (see LATH, $ 1.); in which manner the county of Rome; and a fourth, after appealing the fedition Kent is still divided; and the rapes in Sussex seem raised on occasion of the plebeians aspiring to the to answer to the same. As to the jurisdi&tion of consulate. These four days were called FERIÆ this officer, those matters that could not be deter- LATINÆ; and all things done during the course mined in the hundred court, were thence brought of the feriæ, às feasts, sacrifices, offerings, &c. to the trithing; where all the principal men of were called Latiares. the three or more hundreds being aflembled by LATIARIS, a firname of Jupiter. the latbreve, or trithingreve, did debate and de- LATICLAVE, cide it; or if they could not, then the lathreve

an honourable distinction, sent it up to the county court, to be there finally peculiar, in the times of the republic, to the fenadetermined.

tors; but whether it was a particular kind of gar. (I.) LATHYRUS, Ptolemy. See EGYPT, 19. ment, or only an ornament upon it, the critics

(II.) LATHYRUS, in botany, CHICKLING, a are not agreed. The moft general opinion is, genus of the decandria order, belonging to the that it was a broad stripe of purple sewed upon diadelphia class of plants; and in the natural me. the fore part of their tunic, and round the midd'e thod ranking under the 32d order, Papilionacee, of the breaft. There were buttons let o.) the

оооо?

- latus

LATICLAVIUM, } än Roman, antiquity, was

latus clavus or laticlave, which appeared like the ed, virtuous, and brave man. His works are, !. heads of large nails, whence some think it derived Sermons, 1635, fol. 2. Letters; in Fox's A&s its name. The ferators, prætors, and chief ma- and Monum. vol. ii. fol. 1580. 3. An injun&ion giftrates of colonies and municipal cities, had a to the prior and convent of St Mary's in Worcelright to wear it. The prætexta was always worn tershire. See record at the end of Burnet's Hifover it; but when the prætor pronounced fen- tory of the Reformation, part ii. p. 293. tence of death, the prætexta was then put off, (1.) * LATIN. adj. (Latinus.] Written or and the laticlave retained. The laticlavium dif- spoken in the language of the old Romans.-20. fered from the ANGUSTICLAVIUM, but authors guftus himself could not make a new Latin word. do not agree in what this difference consisted; the Locke. most general opinion seems to be, that the lips (2.) LATIN, a dead language firft spoken in or stripes of purple were narrower in the angufti. Latium, and afterwards at Rome; and still ufed clave.

in the Romish church, and among many of the LATICZOW, a town of Poland, in the Pala. learned. This language is principally derived tinate of Braclaw; 60 miles NW. of Braclaw. from the Greek, and particularly from the Æolic

LATIMER, Hugh, bishop of Worcester, an dialect of that tongue, though it has a great num. illustrious protestant martyr, born about the year ber of words which it borrowed from the lan1480, at Thurcafton in Leicestershire, was the guages of the Etrusci, Osci, and other ancient only son of a yeoman of that village. At the age people of Italy; and foreign commerce and wars, of 14 he was sent to Christ's college, Cambridge; in course of time, added a great number more. where be applied himself to the study of divinity, The Latin is a strong nervous language, perfe@ly and in proper time took the degree of B. D. At fuitable to the character of the people who spoke this time he was a zealous Papist, and was honour. it: we have ftill works of every kind admirably ed with the office of keeper of the cross to the uni. well written in the Latin. The Latin tongue was versity: but when he was about 30 years of age, for a while confined almost wholly within the he became a convert to the Proteftant religion ; walls of Rome; nor would the Romans allow the and being now one of the 12 licensed preachers common use of it to their neighbours, or to the from Cambridge, he promulgated his opinions nations they subdued; but by degrees they bewith great freedom. It was not long before he came sensible of the necessity of its being general. was accused of heresy; and being summoned be- ly understood for the conveniency of commerce; fore cardinal Wolsey, was obliged to subscribe and accordingly used their endeavours, that all certain articles of faith, which he certainly did the nations subject to their empire should be uni. not believe. About the year 1529, he was pre- ted' by one common language ; fo that at length sented by Henry VIII. to the rectory of Westkin. they imposed the use of it by a particular law for ton in Wiltshire; to which place, after residing that purpose. After the transation of the seat of some time at court with his friend and patron Dr the empire from Rome to Constantinople, the em: Butts, he retired ; but, resuming his former in. perors of the east, being always defirons of revectives against the Popish doctrines, he was taining the title of Roman emperors, appointed again summoned to answer certain interrogatories, the Latin to be still used; but at length negled and again obliged to subscribe. In 1535 he was ing the empire of the west, they abandoned all care promoted to the bishopric of Worcester ; in the of the Latin tongue, and used the Greek. Chapossession of which dignity he continued till the lemagne coming to the empire of the west, revit. year 1939, when, rather than assent to the act of ed this language; but at length it gave way, and the six articles, he resigned his mitre, and retired the French took place of the Latin : it was, bos. into the country; but was in a short time accused ever, prodigiously degenerated before it came to of speaking against the fix articles, and commit. be laid atide, in which condition it was found at ted to the Tower, where he cominued prisoner the time of the Reformation, when Vives, Eral. till the death of Henry VIII. in January 1547. On mus, &c. began to open the way for its recovery: the accession of Edward VI. Latimer was released, Gnce which time the monkish latinity has been de. but not restored to his bishopric, though he clining, and all endeavours have been used to repreached several times before the king, and con- trieve the pure language of the Auguftan age. See tinued to exercise his ministerial function with un. LANGUAGE, Se&. IV.VI. remitting zeal and resolution. Young Edward, (3.) * Latix. n. f. An exercise practised by alas ! finished his short reign in 1553; and Mary school boys, who turn English into Lafin.-15 I of odious memory, ascending the throne, learning farther his fyntaxis, he shall not use the Latimer was immediately doomed to destruction, common order in schools for making of Latin. and, together with Cranmer and Ridley, confi- Ascham. ned in the Tower. In April 1954, they were re- (4.) LATIN CHURCH. See CHURCH, S ix. 4. moved to Oxford, that they might dispute with LATINÆ FERIÆ. See FERIÆ, No 1 ; and the learned doctors of both universities. Latimer LATIAR. declining the disputation on account of his great LATINI, the inhabitants of LATIUM. age and infirmities, delivered his opinion in writ. * LATINISM. (latinisme, French; lativism, ing; and refusing to subscribe the Popish creed, low Latin.) A Latin idiom; a mode of speech was condemned for heresy; and in O&tober fol peculiar to the Latin-Milton has made use of lowing was, together with bishop Ridley, burnt frequent transpositions, Latinisms, antiquated alive. He behaved with uncommon fortitude on words and phrases, that he might the better der the occasion, and died a real martyr to the Refor, ate from vulgar and ordinary expressions. Addi mation. His general character is that of a learn. * LATINIST. 7. f. [from Latin.) One skilled

7. Ex.

a

in Latin.--Oldham was considered as a good la- greater difference between fonie men and others, tinift. Oldhum's Life.

than between some men and beasts. Locke. 3.

The * LATINITY. n. f (latinité, French; latinitas, extent of the earth or heavens, reckoned from the Latio.) Purity of Latin style; the Latin tongue. equator to either pole: opposed to longitude. -If Shakespeare was able to read Plautus with We found ourselves is the latitude of thirty degrees ease, nothing in Latinity could be hard to him. two minutes south. Swift. 4. A particular deDennis.

gree, reckoned from the equator.–Another effect * To LATINIZE. [latiniser, French; from the Alps have on Geneva is, that the sun bere Latin.) To use words or phrafes borrowed from rises later and sets fooner than it does to other the Latin.-I am liable to be charged that I lati- places of the fame latitude. Addison. 5. Unrenize too much. Dryden.—He uses coarse and vul- ftrained acceptation ; licentious or lax interpretagar words, or terms and phrases that are latinized, tion.- In such latitudes of sense, many that love scholastick, and hard to be understood. Watts. me and the church well, may have taken the co

LATINS, an ancient nation of Italy. See LA- venant. King Charles.--Then, in comes the beTIUM.

nign latitude of the doctrine of good-will, and LATINUS I. king of the Latins in Italy, was cuts alunder all those hard pincing cords. South. the son of Faunus and Marica ; and, it is said, be. 6. Freedom from settled rules; laxity.-- In hugan to reign about A. A. C. 1216. LAVINIA, his man actions there are no degrees and precise naonly daughter, married Æneas, after that Trojan tural limits described, but a latitude is indulged. prince had killed Turnus king of the Rutuli. See Taylor.-I took this kind of verse, which allows ROME.

more latitude than any other. Drydın. LATINUS II. the sth king of the Latins, was tent; diffusion.-Albertus, bishop of Ratisbon, for the son of Æneas Sylvius, and grandson of Æneas his great learning, and latitude of knowledge, firthe Trojan by Lavinia. He succeeded his father, named Magnus, besides divinity, hath written in the kingdom of Latium, and was succeeded by many tracts in philosophy. Brown.- Mathemahis son Alba. Livy, ij. 3.

ticks, in its latitude, is usually divided into pure LATION, n. s. the translation of a body from and mixed. Wilkins;-) pretend not to treat of one place to another.

them in their full latitude; it fuffices to shew how LATIROSTROUS, adj. [latus and roftrum, the mind receives them, from sensation and reflecLat.] Broad-beaked.-In quadrupeds, in regard tion. Locke. of the figure of their heads, the eyes are placed at (2.) LATITUDE, in astronomy, is the distance some distance; in latiroftrous and fat-billed birds of a star, N. or S. from the ecliptic. See Astrothey are more laterally seated. Brown.

NOMY. (1.) LATISANA, a fertile district in the pro. (3.) LATITUDE, in geography,($ 1. def. 3, 4.) is vince of Friuli; comprehending 12 villages, and the distance of any place N. or S. from the equa. 3400 souls in 1798.

tor. See GeOGRAPHY. (2.) LATISANA, a populous town in the above (1.) * LATITUDINARIAN. adj. [latitudi. district, on the Tagliamento. It carries on a great naire, French; latitudinarius, low Latín.) Not retrade in timber.

ftrained; not confined; thinking or acting at large. * LATISH. adj. [from late.] Somewhat late. -Latitudinarian love will be expensive, and thereLATISSIMUS, in anatomy, the name of seve- fore I would be informed what is to be gotten by ral muscles. See ANATOMY, 199, and 208. it. Collier.

* LATITANCY. n. f. [from latitans, Latin.] (2.) LATITUDINARIAN. n. f. One who departs Delitescence; the state of lying hid.--In vipers from orthodoxy. The has abridged their malignity by their secession (3.) A LATITUDINARIAN, in the proper sense or latitancy. Brown.

of the word, is a person of moderation with re. LATITANT. adj. [latitans, Latin.] Deli- gard to religious opinions, who believes there is a tescent; concealed; lying hid.-Snakes and lis latitude in the road to heaven, which may admit zards, latitant many months in the year, con- people of different persuasions. taining a weak heat in a copious humidity, do LATIUM, in ancient geography, the country long fubfift without nutrition. Brown.-Force of the Latins, at first contained within very nar. the small latitant bubbles of air to disclose them- row bounds, but afterwards increased by the acfelves and break. Boyle.-It must be some other cession of various people. The appellation, acsubstance latitant in the fluid matter, and really cording to Virgil, is derived from latendo, concealdiftinguishable from it. More.

ing, from Saturn's lying hid there from the hofLATITATION. n. f. [from latito, Latin.) tile pursuits of his son Jupiter; and from Latium The state of lying concealed.

comes the name LATINI, the people; though (1.) * LATITUDE. n. f. [latitude, French; Dionyfius Halicarnasfæus derives it from king latitudo, Latin.] 1. Breadth ; width; in bodies LATINUS, who reigned about the time of the of unequal dimensions the shorter axis, in equal Trojan war. But whatever be in this, it is cerbodies the line drawn from right to left.-Whether tain, that Latium, when uoder Æneas and his the exact quadrat, or the long square, be the bet- descendents, or the Alban kings, contained only ter, I find not well determined; though I'muft the Latins, exclusive of the Æqui, Volsci, Her. prefer the latter, provided the length do not ex. nici, and other people ; only that Æneas reckonceed the latitude above one third part. Wotton. ed the Rutuli, after their conquest, among the 2. Room; fpace; extent.-There is a diference Latins. And this constituted the ancient Latium of degrees in men's understandings, to so great à confined to the Latins: but afterwards, under latitude, that one may affirm, that there is a the kings, and after their time, it reached from

the

.